This document provides an overview of China's Conversion of Cropland to Forest Programme (CCFP). It discusses: 1) The background and goals of the CCFP, which was established after floods in 1998 to control soil erosion, prevent flooding, and reduce poverty through converting cropland and barren land to forests. 2) The theoretical frameworks used to analyze power relations between different actors and the socioeconomic and environmental impacts of the program. 3) A systematic review that will evaluate the effectiveness of the CCFP in achieving its objectives over 15 years and identify any unintended outcomes.