We were students in Year II in 2017 at Western University. We prepared this for our assignment, but it also a source for English learners who research about Collocation. And it is summarized and separated to eryone easy to learn.
We were students in Year II in 2017 at Western University. We prepared this for our assignment, but it also a source for English learners who research about Collocation. And it is summarized and separated to eryone easy to learn.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
2. FIGURES OF SPEECH
•Form of expression, rhetorical figures for expression
of meaning
•Deviation from ordinary mode of speech
•Literary devices
•Produce greater effect in written and spoken word
•Heighten the effect of ideas
•Distinctive and pleasing effect
•Emphatic effect
•Abstract thoughts in condensed manner
4. SIMILE
The Simile is usually introduced by such words as
like, as or so. Examples:-
1. The Assyrian came down like a wolf on the fold.
2. The righteous shall flourish as the palm tree.
3. As the hart panteth after the water-brooks, so
panteth my soul after Thee, O God.
4. Words are like leaves: and where they most
abound, Much fruit of sense beneath is rarely
found.
5. How far that little candle throws his beams ! So
shines a good deed in a naughty world.
5. Common Similes
as mad as a March hare; as proud as a peacock; as
bold as brass; as tough as leather; as clear as crystal;
as good as gold; as old as the hills; as cool as a
cucumber; wise as Solomon; fit like a glove; sing like
a lark; run like a deer
6. METAPHOR
A Metaphor is an implied Simile. It does not, like
the Simile, state that one thing is like another or
acts as another, but takes that for granted and
proceeds as if the two things were one.
Note 1:- Every Simile can be compressed into a
Metaphor and every Metaphor can be expanded
into a Simile
7. Thus, when we say, 'He fought like a lion' we use a
Simile, but when we say, 'He was a lion in the
fight', we use a Metaphor.
Examples:-
1. The camel is the ship of the desert.
2. Life is a dream.
3. The news was a dagger to his heart.
4. Revenge is a kind of wild justice.
5. He is a mere cog in the machine.
8. COMMON METAPHORS
• A gleam of delight
• The light of knowledge
• A chicken-hearted fellow
• Smell a rat
9. Metaphoric Usage
Parables :an earthly story with a heavenly
meaning , exemplify and enforce moral truth
The Parable of the Prodigal Son
Allegory : story with a secondary meaning ,
continuous metaphor; uses personification
Animal Farm by George Orwell
Fables : short story in which animals play the role
of human beings
Aesop’s Fables
10. PERSONIFICATION
Personification:- Inanimate objects and abstract
notions are spoken of as having life and
intelligence.
Examples:-
1.Laughter holding both her sides.
2. Death lays his icy hand on kings.
3. Pride goeth forth on horseback, grand and gay,
But Cometh back on foot, and begs its way.
11. APOSTROPHE
Apostrophe:- An Apostrophe is a direct address to
the dead, to the absent, or to a personified object
or idea. This figure is a special form of
Personification.
Examples:-
1. Milton ! thou should'st be living at this hour.
2. O Friend ! I know not which way I must look
For, comfort,
3. Roll on, thou deep and dark blue Ocean-roll !
4. O death ! where is thy sting ? O grave ! where is
thy victory ?
12. ANTITHESIS
Antithesis:- a striking opposition or contrast of
words or sentiments is made in the same
sentence. It is employed to secure emphasis;
philosophical opposition balanced with parallel
grammatical construction/clauses.
Examples:-
1. Man proposes, God disposes.
2. Not that I loved Caesar less, but that I loved
Rome more.
3. To err is human, to forgive divine.
13. EPIGRAM
An Epigram is a brief pointed saying frequently
introducing antithetical ideas which excite
surprise and arrest attention, witty thought
Examples:-
1. The child is father of the man.
2. Fools rush in where angels fear to tread.
3. Art lies in concealing art.
14. OXYMORON
Oxymoron is a special form of Antithesis, whereby
two contradictory qualities are predicted at once
of the same thing.
Examples:-
1. His honour rooted in dishonour stood. And
faith unfaithful kept him falsely true.
2. So innocent arch, so cunningly simple.
3. She accepted it as the kind cruelty of the
surgeon's knife.
15. PUN
A Pun consists in the use of a word in such a way
that it is capable of more than one application,
the object being to produce a ludicrous effect.
Examples:-
1. Is life worth living?-It depends upon the liver.
2. An ambassador is an honest man who lies
abroad for the good of his country.
16. METONYMY
Metonymy (literally, a change of name) an object
is designated by the name of something which is
generally associated with it.
Examples:-
• The Bench, for the judges.
• The House, for the members of Lok Sabha.
• The laurel, for success
17. SYNECDOCHE
Synecdoche: a part is used to designate the whole
or the whole to designate a part.
(i) A part used to designate the whole; as, Give us
this day our daily bread (i.e., food),
All hands (i.e., crew) to the pumps.
Uneasy lies the head that wears a crown.
(ii) The whole used to designate a part; as,
England (i.e., the English cricket eleven) won the
first test match against Australia.
18. CLIMAX
Climax is the arrangement of a series of ideas in
the order of increasing importance.
Examples:- 1. Simple, erect, severe, austere,
sublime.
2. What a piece of work is man ! How noble in
reason, how infinite in faculties ! In action, how
like an angel ! In apprehension, how like a god!
19. ANTICLIMAX
Anticlimax is the opposite of Climax-a sudden
descent from higher to lower. It is chiefly used
for the purpose of satire or ridicule.
Examples:-
1. Here thou, great Anna ! whom three realms
obey, Dost sometimes counsel take-and
sometimes tea.
2. And thou, Dalhousie, the great god of war,
Lieutenant-Colonel to the Earl of Mar.
20. RHETORICAL QUESTION /
INTERROGATION
Interrogation is the asking of a question not for
the sake of getting an answer, but to put a point
more effectively. This figure of speech is also
known as Rhetorical Question because a
question is asked merely for the sake of
rhetorical effect.
Examples:-
1. Am I my brother's keeper?
2. Do men gather grapes of thorns, or figs of
thistles?
21. LITOTES
Litotes: an affirmative is conveyed by negation of
the opposite, the effect being to suggest a strong
expression by means of a weaker. It is the
opposite of Hyperbole.
Examples:-
1. I am a citizen of no mean (= a very celebrated)
city.
2. The man is no fool (= very clever).
22. HYPERBOLE
Hyperbole: emphatic statement ,overstatement
Examples:-
1. Here's the smell of blood still; all the perfumes
of Arabia will not sweeten this little hand.
2. Why, man, if the river were dry, I am able to fill
it with tears.
3. O Hamlet ! thou hast cleft my heart in twain.
23. IRONY
Irony is a mode of speech in which the real meaning is
exactly the opposite of that which is literally
conveyed.
Examples:-
1. No doubt but ye are the people, and wisdom shall
die with you.
2. The atrocious crime of being a young man, which
the honourable gentle man has, with such spirit and
decency, charged upon me. I shall neither attempt to
palliate nor deny.
24. SARCASM
Allied to irony , the sneer is half hidden in irony
but is obvious and bitter in sarcasm
Example-God made him , and therefore let him
pass for a man-Shakespeare
The intended ironical/sarcastic reference is
communicated by the accent or manner of the
speaker.