Euphemism is a polite expression used in place of a rude, harsh, or embarrassing statement to avoid offending or humiliating someone. Euphemisms are made up of three Greek morphemes meaning "good voice act/result" and are used to soften expressions like "died" to "passed away" or describe someone as attending "remedial classes" rather than being "corrective". Common euphemisms include replacing "garbage man" with "sanitation engineer", calling the elderly "senior citizens" rather than "old people", and referring to pregnancy as being "in the family way".
Adjective Complement is a word that describes or modifies a noun.
Example:
The little girl loves learning.
What is an Adjective Complement?
It is a functional part of a sentence that completes, or complements, the adjective.
Types of Adjective Complements
Noun Clause
It is simply two or more words that function as a noun.
It should have a subject and a verb.
Since it takes the place of a noun, it's a dependent clause and cannot stand alone.
It starts with the words: "that," "how," and the "wh-" words - "what," "when," "why" etc.
Examples:
when you arrived
that he is happy about
where Sara went
Prepositional Phrase
It starts with a preposition - such as "with." "about," "on," or "in" - and is followed by a noun, pronoun, noun phrase, pronoun phrase, or noun clause.
Examples:
with the car
under the bridge
after the show
NOTE: An adjective complement always follows the adjective it complements.
Examples of Adjective Complements
Noun Clause
She was unsure how her parents would react.
My boss was anxious when sales fell.
I was delighted that she was chosen.
I am curious what color you picked.
I will be happy when I get married.
Prepositional Phrase
Are you afraid of spiders?
We were shocked by the news.
I am very surprised about the nomination.
The little boy was eager for Christmas to arrive.
It was wrong of her to leave.
Adjective Complement is a word that describes or modifies a noun.
Example:
The little girl loves learning.
What is an Adjective Complement?
It is a functional part of a sentence that completes, or complements, the adjective.
Types of Adjective Complements
Noun Clause
It is simply two or more words that function as a noun.
It should have a subject and a verb.
Since it takes the place of a noun, it's a dependent clause and cannot stand alone.
It starts with the words: "that," "how," and the "wh-" words - "what," "when," "why" etc.
Examples:
when you arrived
that he is happy about
where Sara went
Prepositional Phrase
It starts with a preposition - such as "with." "about," "on," or "in" - and is followed by a noun, pronoun, noun phrase, pronoun phrase, or noun clause.
Examples:
with the car
under the bridge
after the show
NOTE: An adjective complement always follows the adjective it complements.
Examples of Adjective Complements
Noun Clause
She was unsure how her parents would react.
My boss was anxious when sales fell.
I was delighted that she was chosen.
I am curious what color you picked.
I will be happy when I get married.
Prepositional Phrase
Are you afraid of spiders?
We were shocked by the news.
I am very surprised about the nomination.
The little boy was eager for Christmas to arrive.
It was wrong of her to leave.
This file deals with the basic concepts regarding infinitives, its types and usage of infinitives in different situations. This file discusses the basic definition of infinitives briefly. It deals with the identification of infinitives. "Full infinitive", "Bare infinitive" and "Anaphoric to" are the basic types that are discussed in this presentation.
This file deals with the basic concepts regarding infinitives, its types and usage of infinitives in different situations. This file discusses the basic definition of infinitives briefly. It deals with the identification of infinitives. "Full infinitive", "Bare infinitive" and "Anaphoric to" are the basic types that are discussed in this presentation.
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The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
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Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
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http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
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Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
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2. Euphemism is a polite expression
used in place of a rude expression, harsh
words, or blunt and embarrassing
statement in order not to humiliate or
offend somebody.
3. Euphemism
• Made up of three bound morphemes:, all
Greek in origin:
eu (good) +
phem(voice) +
ism (act/result)
4. Example:
1. Father passed away last year. (died)
2. The student attended remedial classes.
(corrective)
5. Examples of Euphemisms
1.garbage man sanitation engineer
2. old people senior citizen
3. pregnant in the family way
4. die pass away
5. the dead the deceased /the late
6. burier undertaker / mortician
7. lunatic asylums mental institutions
6.
7. A dysphemism is a word or phrase people use to
make something or someone sound negative, bad and
unlikeable. People created these terms for almost
everything in life.
