This document discusses dental extractions as part of orthodontic treatment. It provides a brief history of extractions in orthodontics, noting a controversy in the 1920s and reintroduction in the 1940s. Extractions are sometimes needed to address arch length discrepancies, sagittal interarch relationships, abnormal tooth size/form, or skeletal jaw malrelations. The document then discusses different options for tooth extractions, including upper/lower incisors, canines, premolars, and molars, along with the reasons each type of extraction may be used. Balancing and compensating extractions are also mentioned.

1. EXTRACTION IN
ORTHODONTICS
DR CHANDRIKA KATTI
Reader, Dept Of Orthodontics.
Navodaya Dental College,
Raichur.

2. HISTORY
 Great extraction controversy in 1920’s :
Edward H. Angle & Calvin Case.
 Extractions was reintroduced in 1940’s by
Charles Tweed.
 Extractions were popular in 1960’s.

3. Why do we need extractions as a part of
orthodontic treatment procedure :
1. Arch length –tooth material discrepancy
2. Correction of sagittal interarch relationship
3. Abnormal size and form of tooth
4. Skeletal jaw malrelations

4. 1. Arch length –tooth material discrepancy

5. 2. Correction of sagittal interarch relationship

6. 3. Abnormal size and form of tooth

7. 4. Skeletal jaw malrelations
In case of surgeries

8. Choice of teeth for extraction
1. Extraction of upper incisors
a) Unfavorably impacted teeth
b) Buccally / lingually impacted laterals
c) If one side lateral is congenitally missing
extract on the contralateral side
d) Grossly carious teeth
e) Malformed teeth
f) Trauma
g) Incisor with dilacerated root

9. 2. Extraction of lower incisors
a) If one incisor is out of arch
b) Trauma
c) Imbrication cases
d) Crowding in lower anteriors

10. 3. Extraction of canines
a) Unfavorably impacted teeth
b) Buccally / lingually impacted canines with
good contact between laterals and premolars
c) If one side deciduous canine is congenitally
missing extract on the contralateral side
d) As a part of serial extraction
e) In class-II cases if lower decd canines are shed
earlier, upper decd canines should be extracted
f) In class-III cases if upper decd canines are
shed earlier, lower decd canines should be
extracted

12. 4. Extraction of first premolars
a) Moderate to severe anterior teeth crowding
cases
b) Class-I bimax cases, Class-II div-1 cases

14. 5. Extraction of second premolars
a) Minimal anchorage cases
b) Mild crowding cases
c) Unfavorably impacted
d) Open bite cases
e) Grossly carious teeth
f) Completely out of arch

16. 6. Extraction of first molars
a) open bite cases
b) Grossly decayed tooth
c) Mild crowding or mild proclination

17. Wilkinsons extraction
Extraction of all first molars at the age of 8.5-
9.5 years.
Advantages:
1. Eases third molar eruption
2. Lower risk of caries
Drawbacks:
1. Offers limited space to relieve crowding
2. 2nd premolars & 2nd molars tip
3. No anchor support

18. 7. Extraction of second molars
a) To prevent 3rd molar impactions
b) To relieve impaction of 2nd premolars
c) To relieve lower incisor crowding
d) Distalization of molars
e) Open bite cases

19. 8. Extraction of third molars
a) Grossly carious teeth
b) Malformed tooth
c) To prevent late anterior crowding

20. Balancing extractions (in same arch)
Compensating extractions (in opposite arches)
DRIFTODONTICS