The document summarizes the five generations of computer evolution from 1940 to present day. The first generation used vacuum tubes, were room-sized, and relied on punched cards. The second generation used transistors, were smaller but still generated heat. The third generation used integrated circuits, were smaller and cheaper with keyboards/monitors. The fourth generation used microprocessors on a single chip, could be networked, and developed many programming languages. The fifth generation aims to develop artificial intelligence with natural language and learning capabilities.

1. COMPUTER
EVOLUTION

2. WHAT IS COMPUTER?
A computer is a general-purpose electronic device that can
be programmed to carry out a set of arithmetic or logical operations
automatically.

3. WHAT IS COMPUTER
EVOLUTION ?

4. EVOLUTION OF COMPUTER
Computer evolution starts in 1940 with vacuum tube circuitry and goes to
the present day — and beyond — with artificial intelligence.
There are five generations in computer history.

5. FIRST GENERATION (1940-1956)
VACUUM TUBES
The first generation computers
used
Vacuum tubes for circuitry,
Magnetic drums for memory,
Very large in size, often taking up entire rooms
A UNIVAC computer

6. FIRST GENERATION (1940-1956)
VACUUM TUBES
The first generation computers
used
They were very expensive to operate,
Using a great deal of electricity,
Generated a lot of heat, which was often the
cause of malfunctions. A UNIVAC computer

7. FIRST GENERATION (1940-1956)
VACUUM TUBES
The first generation computers
used
Input was based on punched cards and paper
tape
The UNIVAC and ENIAC computers are
examples of first-generation computing devices. A UNIVAC computer

8. SECOND GENERATION (1956-1963)
TRANSISTORS
The second generation
computers used
Transistors replaced vacuum tubes in the
second generation of computers.
Still generated a great deal of heat that
subjected the computer to damage. IBM 7000

9. SECOND GENERATION (1956-1963)
TRANSISTORS
The second generation
computers used
The transistor was far superior to the vacuum
tube, allowing computers to become smaller,
faster, cheaper, more energy-efficient and more
reliable than their first-generation predecessors. IBM 7000

10. SECOND GENERATION (1956-1963)
TRANSISTORS
The second generation
computers used
Magnetic drum to magnetic core technology
for memory.
IBM 7000, NCR 304, IBM 650, IBM 1401 are
2nd generation computer. IBM 7000

11. THIRD GENERATION (1964-1971)
INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
The THIRD generation
computers used
Transistors were placed on IC(integrated
circuit) , a silicon chips(semiconductors),
which drastically increased the speed and
efficiency of computers. IBM 360

12. THIRD GENERATION (1964-1971)
INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
The THIRD generation
computers used
Instead of punched cards and printouts,
keyboards and monitors was introduced.
Smaller and cheaper than their
predecessors. IBM 360

13. THIRD GENERATION (1964-1971)
INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
The THIRD generation computers
used
Use High level programming language.
Magnetic core and solid states as main
storage.
PDP-8, PDP-11, ICL 2900, IBM 360 and IBM 370 . IBM 360

14. FORTH GENERATION (1971-
PRESENT) MICROPROCESSORS
The FORTH generation
computers use
The microprocessor brought the fourth
generation of computers, as thousands of
integrated circuits were built onto a single
silicon chip. IBM 4341

15. FORTH GENERATION (1971-
PRESENT) MICROPROCESSORS
The FORTH generation
computers use
Computers could be linked together to form
networks, which eventually led to the
development of the Internet.
IBM 4341

16. FORTH GENERATION (1971-
PRESENT) MICROPROCESSORS
The FORTH generation
computers use
Many high-level languages were developed in
the fourth generation such as COBOL, FORTRAN,
BASIC, PASCAL and C language.
IBM 4341

17. FORTH GENERATION (1971-
PRESENT) MICROPROCESSORS
The FORTH generation
computers use
Very small size, now fit in the palm of the
hand.
IBM 4341, DEC 10, STAR 1000, PUP 11 and
APPLE II. IBM 4341

18. FIFTH GENERATION (PRESENT AND
BEYOND)
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
The FIFTH generation
computers WILL used
Fifth generation computer based on artificial
intelligence, are still in development.
 Voice recognition
?

19. FIFTH GENERATION (PRESENT AND
BEYOND)
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
The FIFTH generation computers
WILL used
They will be able to recognize image and graphs,
The use of parallel processing,
Quantum computation and molecular and
nanotechnology.
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20. FIFTH GENERATION (PRESENT AND
BEYOND)
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
The FIFTH generation computers
WILL used
The goal of fifth-generation computing is to
develop devices that respond to natural
language input and are capable of learning and self-
organization.
?