Evangelical Movements

Evangelical Movements
Since the beginning of the twenty–first century the nature and authority of scripture have been
issues regarding the Christian Faith. Throughout this paper the nature and authority of scripture will
be surveyed in reference to three theological movements: Evangelical, Liberal, and Neo–Orthodox.
All three theological movements will be explored by examining the issues, implications, and
analysis and application of the Evangelical, Liberal, and Neo–Orthodox movements.
The Issues
The evangelicalism movement dates to the eighteenth century and is the earliest movement of the
three movements. Evangelicalism originally took place in Britain and the British colonies and is
connected to Puritanism and Pietism. Those who are in accordance with the beliefs ... Show more
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I believe it is possible to be in a Christian community where the believers in it come from one or a
mix of any of the three movements. From being raised in a Christian household, I have an
understanding of the various views on the authority of scripture. After doing further research and
writing this paper I have a deeper understanding of the authority and nature of scripture. I know the
word of God is not just based on the inspiration of God, but that it is God–breathed and infallible.
Having knowledge of that fact can help me when sharing scripture and what I have learned with the
people out in the world. It is also important for us to not hold scripture above God, but instead use it
to lead people to God through the scriptures. Reading about evangelicalism reminds me that we as
children of God have a duty to be missionaries in our communities to help evangelize the world.
God is counting on us to help grow his garden of souls. God is counting on us to plant the seed in
someone who does not know or believe. With the help of God through the Holy Spirit the sharing of
His Word should come easily and we must always remember that all things are possible through
Christ. I will take the knowledge of the scripture I have gained and
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Similarities Between Roman Catholicism And Eastern Orthodoxy
Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy The Eastern Orthodoxy and Roman Catholicism are
organized using a hierarchical system. Much like the ancient times in which these religions were
established, they govern from the top down with bishops or leaders having ultimate authority and
then several classifications that extend down to priest. They feel their top leaders stand in for Christ.
For Eastern Othodoxy the leader is Eccumencial Patriarch and for the Roman Catholics it is the
Pope. (VB: Polity in Catholicism and Orthodoxy) The formal principles for these two religions are
the Bible plus tradition and decress. However, Eastern Orthodoxy uses the 66 books of the Canon
and Apocrypha and the Roman Catholicism use the 66 books of the Cannon and Canonical. To them
the Bible and the tradition of worship are equally important. The material principles for these
religions are that they are saved by faith with works infused grace through the priests on the via to
earn God's glory. (The Christian Church on Earth) The worship of the Roman Catholics and Eastern
Orthodoxy are both highly liturgical and ornate with icons. They have a low use of preaching in
their worship services. The teachings for these two religions include infant baptism for the remission
of original sin and the gift of faith. The Roman Catholics teach the Lord's Supper is the sacrament
through Transubstantiation but they view the Lord's Supper as unbloody sacrifice through
Transubstantiation. They both teach

The, Liberals And The Neo Orthodox
Throughout the Church history, details in which to interpret Scripture and the place of it, has been
debated among major groups for centuries. Three major groups that all read and interpret scripture
to a different standard are the Evangelicals, Liberals and the Neo–Orthodox. Each group holds the
Scriptures sacred in their own way, but not everyone agrees to the others use. The first group was
the Liberals. The Liberals were by far the most unique of these three groups because were prepared
to disregard standard traditions to get to a more contemporary way of practicing their faith. One way
they did this was in the way they looked at scripture. When reading Scripture, they did not see it as
"inspired" in the same way that other groups did. Typically, across denominations, most everyone
views scripture with the most authority because it is God's Word and they believe that the text is
directly from God's mouth, but the Liberals didn't see it that way. They believed that Christianity
was meant to change as time progressed. For example, they believed many of the statements that are
made throughout the Bible, both New and Old Testament, were not meant to be the standard in
which Christians were to be held at today because times have changed and changes in beliefs are to
be made as society and culture changes. The next group was the Evangelicals. Evangelicals were a
group that was predominantly popular in England. Evangelicals are by far the most traditional, but
not in way

Loss Of Knowledge In Orthodoxy
In Orthodoxy the question of "gaining" or "obtaining" knowledge is quite different from any
philosophical system or religion. Knowledge isn't merely defined as an understanding of theoretical
concepts, but rather it is founded on a deep and personal relationship with God. In this mystery
gnosis is revealed by God to man. In the prologue of Vladimir Lossky's Orthodox Theology an
Introduction he states, "...among the ascetics of the Christian East gnosis constitutes the peak of the
life of prayer" (13). Through this encounter in prayer we are led to the incarnation of the Word
which leads us to the Father in the Spirit (13). At this point mysticism and theological teaching
becomes inseparable. The two are necessary for no true theological understanding ... Show more
In his first epistle St John states, "As for you, the anointing you received from him remains in you,
and you do not need anyone to teach you. But as his anointing teaches you about all things and as
that anointing is real, not counterfeit–just as it has taught you, remain in him." (1 John 2:20). At the
surface this may seem to be negating all theological thought or deeming it unnecessary for the
Christian. This gnosis is experienced personally between man and God and the personal presence is
alive in every Christian who seeks such a relationship. However, there is a difference between
experiencing this thought in a contemplative and personal matter and then actually uttering the
mysteries for the edification of the world. This is a specific gift that is founded upon the inspiration
of the Spirit. There is a need for us to explain theological thought simply because it is for the healing
of man. Therefore the Church takes the examples of many fathers who have been given such a gift.
St. James warns us of this fact when he says, "Not many of you should become teachers, my fellow
believers, because you know that we who teach will be judged more strictly" (James 3:1). Therefore,
while the utterance and teaching of theological teachings isn't a gift given to all, the inner experience
is given generously to all who desire it. However, even in this teaching it isn't only limited to those
who teach, but the Spirit gives grace to those who listen as well (Lossky 18). For what use would
theological teaching be if there aren't those who desire to hear and learn the teachings of God
revealed to

Guatemalan Literature
Syriac literature accounts for 90% of the total Aramaic literature. The literature was written in the
Esṭrangelā (Classical) form. The earliest forms of Syriac literature were based in Edessa and were
written by pagans, agnostics, Jews, and Christians. The exact origins of these works were never
found. By the start of the third century the Old Testament had already been translated into Syriac
from Hebrew. Around the same time is when one of the earliest versions of the New Testament
known as the Diatessaron came into being. This work was used by the Syriac Church for two
centuries until a prominent bishop claimed that the author, Tatian was a heretic. This book consisted
of the gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John and was morphed into one ... Show more content
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Though called the Assyrian genocide a better suited name would be the Assyrian/Syriac/Chaldean
genocide. between the years 1914–1920 along with the better–known Armenian genocide and the
Greek genocide. This event was not the first tragedy in Syriac history as Byzantine oppression,
slaughter at the hands of the Crusaders, and Mongol invasion occurred prior (The Syriac Orthodox
Church a Brief Overview, NP). The rise of nationalism among the Christian citizens of the Ottoman
Empire and the rise of the Young Turk government that preached a Turkey for the Turks was recipe
for a disaster. The Young Turk government staged a successful coup in 1913. Following the entrance
of the Ottoman Empire into World War I in November 1914 simultaneous genocides against
Assyrians, Armenians, and Greeks occurred along with the help of Kurdish tribes. Victims were
plundered, raped, deported, and massacred horrifically. The Assyrian genocide is treated slightly
differently from that of the Armenians as there were no specific orders to attack and deport
Assyrians from Ottoman leaders since they were not assisting the Russian Empire and did not desire
their own nation state. The genocide was carried out by local leaders and Kurdish tribes. In some
cities the entire adult populations were wiped out whereas in other cities such as Mardin only the
male population was killed and the widows and children were forced to leave on foot which caused
many more deaths. The deaths were not limited to just the Ottoman Empire as Assyrians in Persia
were also slaughtered when the Ottoman Empire invaded northwestern Persia (The Assyrian
Genocide, 1914 to 1923 and 1933 up to the Present, NP). The death toll was believed to be 300,000
Syriacs yet has only been recognized by the Swedish and Armenian Parliaments (Centenary of 1915
Syriac (Sayfo) genocide, NP). As the Middle East has been thrown into turmoil the

Life Cycle Events In Greek Orthodoxy
Life Cycle Events of Greek Orthodoxy
College is a melting pot of many cultures from around the world. I am lucky enough to live with
someone who is comes from a very different religion than me: my roommate Lindsay Andrews.
While I come from a reformed Jewish family, hers is Greek Orthodox. I spoke to Lindsey about the
four major life cycle events of the Greek Orthodox Church, the first of which is birth. Between the
ages of three and nine months, Greek Orthodox infants are baptized. This means that the infant is
dipped in water, representing how Christ was also baptized. The ceremony takes place in the
cathedral, with family and church members present. The priest conducts the ceremony, and parents
and godparents of the child participate ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, participants in the ceremony must be Greek Orthodox. There are also specific rules about
who can be godparents, as they are tasked with the spiritual upbringing of the infant. Other than
having to be pious members of the Greek Orthodoxy, they also cannot be minors, mentally
challenged persons, clergy, the biological parents of the child, or someone ignorant of the faith
(Wilson). The baby is dressed in a special outfit for the baptism. Lindsay said hers was long and
white (Andrews). At the ceremony, the child is also given a "baptismal name." If they already have
the name of a Greek saint (such as Paul), it remains the same. But if it is not, then they are given an
additional Greek Orthodox name. "For example," Lindsay said, "my name is Lindsay, which is
Scottish, and so my baptismal name is Nicoletta, which is based off my middle name Nicole"
(Andrews). After the ceremony there is a celebration, but it does not contain particular foods. In the
days following the

Heresy In The Middle Ages
In twelfth century Sicily, an illustrated manuscript of the Byzantine Synopsis of Histories was
produced. Within this copy of John Skylitzes' depiction of events (811–1157) are 500 plus
miniatures. One is the massacre of Paulician heretics in 843/844 (figure 1). Although this depiction
is not wholly historically accurate, it does exemplify the Christian stance on heresy in the Middle
Ages. Harsh treatment was occasionally necessary, to those who promoted Lucifer's teachings.
Hereby heresy was seen as a major threat to Christ's Church and His people. Nevertheless, as will be
shown, whatever means were put into practice by the Church failed since beliefs held at the
beginning of the Middle Ages were still evident in the fifteenth century. Regarding ... Show more
On one level this was theological. Exemplifying this was Henry of Lausanne, a twelfth century
French heresiarch. Weaved throughout his preaching, was a Pelagian stance on original sin. Hereby
man was not tainted by the Fall, so only fell through his own actions. From this, Henry concluded
there was no need for the sacraments. Subsequently orthodox salvation was attacked, arguably
showing the Church was controlling the people. Moreover some taught the complete removal of the
clergy. Thus anarchy would ensue as services, tithing and Rome's supremacy would be scrapped.
Moreover since this Henrician stance was widespread, validated by the Free Spirit movement later
and Messalianism earlier, heresy as a whole in this period can be seen as a major threat. Indeed the
Church was also under attack regarding their secular influence too. The Twelve Confessions of the
Lollards proves so. Within this manifesto is the declaration, 'he that hath taken him to the one (a
temporal or a spiritual office) should not meddle ... with the other'. Therefore, a desire for division
between the two existed, reducing the Church's political influence. This was not necessarily a
widespread belief among Lollards though, as its author John Purvey represented Lollardy's greatest
minds. Nevertheless this was the face the world saw (as it was sent to Parliament) and even if a
minority, was a threatening one. Furthermore, since heretics' theology was applied practically, they
were incredibly threatening. The Waldensian preachers, who after the Third Lateran Council
disobeyed Pope Alexander III and continued preaching, prove so. Subsequently Moore is justified
when he proclaims that heresy attempted 'to subvert the Christian order and bring ... chaos', since
through their actions, the clergy were attacked. Yet Moore was wrong to see the issue as beyond
doctrinal disputes and Church made. Heterodox beliefs

Eastern Orthodoxy And Roman Catholicism
Important to realize, that there are common grounds that allows an interfaith understanding to take
place between Eastern Orthodoxy and Roman Catholicism. To emphasize, one doctrine that both the
Eastern and Roman Christians agree is on the seven Sacraments in order to obtain union with God;
the seven Sacraments are Baptism, Confirmation, Eucharist or Communion, Holy Orders, Marriage,
penance, and Holy Unction. Given that, Dr. James P. Eckman explained that "Baptism, however, is
the primary sacrament for everything in the church flows out of the waters of baptism: the remission
of sin and life eternal."[4] For both the East and the West churches baptism is necessary for the
salvation of the adults and childs. Another similarity of interfaith

Eastern Orthodoxy Research Paper
Eastern Europe is the eastern part of the European continent. This part of Europe includes East–
central Europe, the Balkan peninsula, the Baltic area, and Russia. Moreover, Eastern Europe
consists of the Slavic ethnic group, the Baltic–Slavic subfamily language, and eastern Orthodoxy.
The Baltic Slavic subfamily language divides into two sub–branches, including the Baltic sub–
branch and the Slavic sub–branch. Baltic groups are Lithuanian and Latvian, located north of Poland
and Belarus. Slavic sub–branch consists of different groups (e.g., west, east, and south). West Slavic
group includes Polish, Czech, and Slovak. East Slavic group includes Russian, Belorussian, and
Ukrainian. Also, the South Slavic group includes the old church Slavic, ... Show more content on
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The orthodox means "purity," and the practices are original Christian faith and sacred transition.
Eastern orthodoxy national churches are Greek Orthodox, Serbian Orthodox, Bulgarian Orthodox,
Russian Orthodox, Ukrainian Orthodox, etc. One hundred seventy–five million people claim eastern
orthodoxy as their faith. Greece and Constantinople (East–Roman Empire) are the Eastern
orthodoxy's hearth. From this region, Eastern orthodoxy spread north and eastward into Slavic–
speaking lands. Two Greek monks named Cyril and Methodist spread the eastern orthodoxy to the
Slavic people of eastern Europe. Cyril and Methodist tried to convert the Slavic people using the
Slavic language instead of Greek. However, they created the Cyrillic alphabet, using the Greek
alphabet. They incorporated new letters for different Slavic sounds; they took the Greek alphabet
and tailored it the Slavic languages. The Slavic people are the last major cultural group that migrated
towards eastern Europe in 400 A.D... Slavic people moved towards central Europe as west as the
Elbe River in Germany and towards the Balkan peninsula of Southeastern Europe. Sorbians is a
minority group lives in modern–day Germany (near Poland border). Eastern Europe consists groups
of Lithuanians, Estonians, Finns, Latvians, Hungarians, Albanians, Gypsies, and Greeks. These
groups migrated

Christianity : The Spread Of Christianity In The World
Christianity is a major religion. It is one of the largest religions in the world. There is more than two
billion believers in Christianity. The teaching of this religion is based on the life and teachings of
Jesus Christ. The spread of Christianity has lead to a lot of changes throughout the history. The core
principles of this religion have become the major pillars of human life in most parts of the world.
Christians use the Bible as the main guide of their teachings.
Christianity was a religion that started almost 2000 years ago in Judea. In the early times, Jesus was
classified as a Jew. He taught and did numerous miracles during his time, wandering to different
places to solve people's physical and spiritual needs.. He challenged people to repent from their
self– righteousness and hypocrisy. He rubbed the rulers the wrong way when he openly discredited
their religious hypocrisy. Jesus wanted his people to realize that the Kingdom of God is about
serving and loving everyone. A group of 12 disciples began to follow Jesus and they started calling
him their teacher. Jesus started to teach the disciples about the will of God, and what the purpose of
the "New Covenant" meant. The "New Covenant" purpose is to restore those who accept it into a
renewed fellowship of forgiveness and love with God. He was crucified to pay for everyone's sin. In
three days, he rose. In the bible it states, "For God loved the world, that he gave his only begotten
Son, that whosoever believeth in

Neo Orthodoxy And Its Impact On Society Essay
But [Jesus] answered and said, "It is written, 'MAN SHALL NOT LIVE ON BREAD ALONE, BUT
ON EVERY WORD THAT PROCEEDS OUT OF THE MOUTH OF GOD.'" (Matt. 4:4 NASB)
Neo–orthodoxy is an umbrella term used to describe religious ideas that purpose to be a third way,
somewhere between conservative and liberal Christianity. Since its conception, neo–orthodoxy has
evolved and changed, with several thoughts emerging from those that advocate the third way idea.
Some of these changes have included the way humans can understand God and the effect Scripture
has on their lives. The outgrowths of neo–orthodoxy are deconstructionism, narrative theology and
Radical orthodoxy; views that are the results relativism, misunderstanding inspiration, and distrust
in the Bible. Deconstructionism proposes to free the Biblical narrative from literal meaning or
science and historical criticism (Dorrien, 3). However, with it also comes the rejection of objective
truth. Another idea within Neo–orthodoxy is the drive to encounter God in the experience of life.
Narrative Theology allows this experiential relationship when one sees their life as part of the
overarching narrative of God's story. (Ibid. 2) However, the Biblical texts do not have universal
structures of truth, and they are instead subject to the understanding of a community. (Ibid 4)
Different from both these of views is radical orthodoxy. Radical orthodoxy is put forth as an answer
to postmodern atheistic philosophy. (Malcolm, 1) Like

Christian Influences On Bonhoeffer's Life
Introduction On February 4, 1908 in Belarus, Germany, two children were born to Karl and Paula
Hase Bonhoeffer, and one of them would impact the world. Karl was an esteemed German
psychologist, and Paula came from an honorable and wealthy family. And on February 4, Dietrich
and his twin Sabine entered the world as the sixth and seventh child of the Bonhoeffer family. Little
did his parents know that one day, Dietrich would become a pastor, lead a paradigm shift in
Christian thinking, assist in attempt to assassinate a dictator, and give his life for everything he
believed in.
Up–Bringing
Dietrich, the sixth of eight children, grew up in an upper–class, well cultured home.
During their childhood, the Bonhoeffer children enjoyed music, recreation, ... Show more content on
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For the first time, Bonhoeffer heard the Gospel of Christ in all of its power. What greatly impacted
Bonhoeffer was the fact that despite the sufferings and mistreatments the African–American Church
members endured, they believed in such a powerful Gospel, and were faithfully walking in
obedience to Christ (Metaxas 2010, 108). During this time, Bonhoeffer was truly transformed by the
redemptive power of Christ, and his life would begin to take a different direction.
The New Bonhoeffer After coming back to Germany, Dietrich Bonhoeffer realized the change that
taken place in his life. For the first time I discovered the Bible... I had often preached. I had seen a
great deal of the Church. And talked and preached about it, but I had not yet become a Christian... I
know that at that time I turned the doctrine of Jesus Christ into something of personal advantage for
myself... Also I had never prayed, or prayed very little. Then the Bible, in particular the Sermon on
the Mount freed me from that. Since then everything has changed. (Metaxas 2010, 123).
Back in Berlin, Bonhoeffer began to give lectures at the University. However, he was unlike many
of his professor colleagues, for Bonhoeffer went beyond the call of a teacher and personally invested
in his students' lives (Metaxas 2010, 125). A key idea that he realized is that following Christ comes
above following the State

Racial Orthodoxy
In her article Berrey (2011) studied why diversity became the accepted norm. In the study Berrey
examined data from the University of Michigan from 1965 through 2005. The data collected studied
the "Opportunity Awards Program" that was started by the university. The program was intended to
increase the diversity of the campus because at this time minority students made up less than .1% of
the school's demographic. To measure the success of the program school administrators used the
number of enrolled minority students as the gage of diversity. In the late 1980s the school changed
their approach from emphasizing disadvantage to emphasizing inclusion. Up through the early
2000s the university continued to make changes to the diversity program. By this point most of the
emphasis was put on the marketable skills that were achieved from being a part of an interracial
group, and less on ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This new concept was defined as the, "set of ideas, beliefs, narratives, and practices that constitute
official, commonly recognized – but not necessarily hegemonic – understandings of race" (Berrey
2011). It is the belief that people, especially the leaders, of organizational groups will be the one to
discuss this orthodoxy, thus increasing the rate at which it is socially accepted as a new norm. A
main argument that Berrey makes that some programs in certain contexts are concerned with race,
but others seem to not be concerned with race at all, as with what happened at the Michigan
university. The article discussed what Berrey found to be the three major reasons for why diversity
became orthodoxy at Michigan. The first and most dominant was the legal influence and precedent.
The second was for the economic and demographic context of a higher education institution. The
third was of the everyday uses for diversity that play into social

The Chruch's Treatment Of Heretics During The Medieval Ages
During the medieval period, the Catholic faith was one of the largest practiced religions, if not the
largest. When one can encompass the wide range of power and influence, as the Church had done, it
can eventually become difficult to maintain absolute control. That was the case for the Catholic
Church as it dealt with heresy and heretics, as is evident in the readings from Michael Goodich, and
Robert Ian Moore. In this essay, I will discuss how the Chruch's treatment of heresy, and treatment
towards the heretics, was a means for them maintain control and power within the Church. The
Church attained a large amount of power and wide range of influence during the medieval period.
To the Church, heresy was a threat to the power and control they had obtained. In order for the
Church to have maintained that control, a plethora of actions were taken to ensure that heretics
could be rooted out. In the reading from Goodich, various steps had been taken to ensure that the
heretics were dealt with. For example, the reading states, "We have decided that all property of those
who are heretics or will be in the future is to be confiscated and occupied." Forcibly extracting the
heretics from their property, the Church could effectively displace them, since without having any
land they could not attain much power. Furthermore, the Church would then occupy the property it
confiscated from the heretics. By doing this, it allowed the Church to obtain even more land, which
in turn would

The Triumph Of The Eastern Orthodoxy In 726 AD
The triumph of the Eastern Orthodoxy In 726 AD, there was a massive eruption by the Santorini
Volcano. The Agean Sea was filled with tsunamis, ash, and volcanic rock that caused the sea to boil.
It was the largest eruption Europe had seen in over 2000 years. Right now you're probably
wondering how this has anything to do with the subject at hand. This is the story of how an eruption
sparked one of the biggest debates in the history of the Eastern Orthodox Church.
The eruption of Santorini and the invading Muslims caused the emperor to change Christian history.
Emperor Leo III of Constantinople saw this eruption as a sign that God was angry with the empire.
Leo was confused by this and wondered why God was angry with him while He continued to allow
the Muslims to invade Christian territories. The emperor had a theory that since the Muslims were
iconoclastic, which means they were against the images of religious figures such as a painting of
Jesus. Leo thought that since the Muslims weren't using images, God had been favoring them since
the Christian church did use images. So Leo had the image of Jesus, that was placed in front of ...
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This caused Shirley2 patriarch Germanos I of Constantinople. Greece immediately rebelled and
Emperor Leo was forced to lead a fleet against the Greeks instead of against Muslims. Pope Gregory
II and a council of bishops claimed the Emperor's iconoclasm a heresy and they excommunicated
him. The emperor sent fleet against Rome but it sank. Emperor Leo, incensed against the Pope,
would not send aid to defend Europe (in fact, he had enough threats closer to home that he probably
could not, but now he would not). Estranged from the imperial might of Constantinople, Pope
Gregory had to call upon Charles Martel, the Frankish king, to fight back the Muslims and hem
them in

The Role Of The Church In Orthodoxy Is To Reconcile Man
The role of the Church in Orthodoxy is to reconcile man to God through healing and ultimately
assist man on his quest to deification. The canons are a perfect expression of this journey. In
Orthodoxy, the canons are understood to have a deep and profound meaning in the life of the
believer. They are intended to guide each believer in their respective time and context. To deny the
reality or the expression of the truth in the canons is to deny the influence of the Church Fathers. In
addition, the person who holds this view is blatantly passing judgment on the faithful who lived in a
different context and age. This inaccurate viewpoint often forces one to judge without a proper
understanding of all the relevant facts. Ironically enough it is ... Show more content on
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St. Nikodemos expresses this clearly, "...Deprive the Church of the holy canons, and disorder at
once intrudes; and as a result of the disorder all her sacred adornment disappears" (Patsavos 28).
The role of salvation has been handed to the Church in order to guide her flock to the ultimate union
with man and God. The cannons are a unique instrument that allows for this goal to become a
reality, "The holy canons help fallen humanity remain united and in a harmonious relationship with
one another in the Church" (Patsavos 27). Therefore, it is clear that in Orthodoxy the canons play a
very important role in assisting the sick in order to be healed. However, Patsavos warns against
diluting the Church into a mere set of rules (Patsavos 4). Obviously, this extreme point of view
ignores all other aspects of the Church and turns the canons into the end and not a means to the end.
This legalism is clearly not the intention of the canons.
The canons are meant to be followed in Spirit and are without a doubt pastoral in nature. If we
ignore the pastoral nature of the canons we turn the Church into a legal institution. This is where the
zeal of many towards the canons often leads to a misunderstanding that the canons must be followed
by the letter of the law. Patsavos provides evidence for this point, "Canon 5 of the Holy Apostles
forbids a bishop, presbyter, or deacon to put away his wife under the pretext of religion. A later
decision of the Sixth Ecumenical Synod

Essay On Coptic Orthodoxy
A micro–culture is a group of people within a culture that differentiates them from the larger culture
to which they belong. As a member of the Christian faith, a micro–culture that I strongly associate
myself with is Coptic Orthodoxy. There are many branches of Christianity all over the world today
and Coptic Orthodoxy is one that is constantly growing.
Coptic Orthodoxy is a branch of Christianity influenced by the teachings of Saint Mark in Egypt.
Many refer to this faith as being "Coptic". It is not significantly unique to just the United States of
California. There are Coptic Orthodox Christians all over the world today and the numbers are
always on the rise. This branch was first introduced thousands of years ago, so it is not entirely ...
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Wearing this cross shows that a person is "bearing their cross" just like Jesus did when He was being
crucified. A lot of Copts, especially those who were born in Egypt and came to the United States,
have a cross tattooed on the inside of their wrist. It is more common to find those who were born in
Egypt to have this small tattoo because they get it from a very young age, but it is becoming more
popular that youth who were born in the United States to get a bigger and more dramatic form of the
tattoo when they grow up. This also symbolizes a person bearing their cross but in a different way
than just wearing a necklace. I, personally, always wear my necklace but have yet to get a tattoo on
my wrist. Also, priests of the Coptic Orthodox faith are required to wear a black tunic at all times
and must grow a beard from the time that they become a priest.
Coptic Orthodox Christians follow a different calendar than those of the Catholic faith and other
religions. Our calendar is called the Gregorian calendar, and this means that some holidays fall on
different days. For example, we always celebrate Christmas on January 7th while Catholics
celebrate it on December 25th. It is still the same holiday being celebrated which is the birth of
Jesus Christ, but it just comes during a different

Lutheran Vs Orthodoxy Essay
And other key point, the Lutherans cherishes the view of the sacraments, while the orthodoxy sees
the effects of sacraments as mysteries of grace for all that took part. In fact, the Protestant see grace
as something already given. They acknowledge only two sacraments which are Baptism also the
Holy Communion. The Sacraments signify the effect signs which they give. Here again the
Orthodoxy also the Catholic are in unity with at least seven. They are Baptism, Eucharist, Holy
Orders, Holy Unction, Marriage, Penance, Confession. Therefore, Lutheran and Orthodoxy are
similar when it comes to the papacy. Not to mention, Luther calls it the Antichrist also the
Orthodoxy when the church separated the pope did not accept the split and both refused to recognize
the papacy as a supreme and infallible institution (Gonzalez 132–184). As a result, the theologians
departed from the Roman Catholic church. There were three primary reason for their decision, Sola
Scriptura (by Scripture alone) the doctrine that Scripture as in the Bible is the only authority for
Christians when it comes to life also faith. Sola Fide (by faith alone) the doctrine that we are
justified before God, then saved by faith alone. The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A fellow classmate wrote something on the order of, the Post Modern Era not only will influence
religion, but also art, literature, philosophy, architecture and music. Likewise, the Post Modern
attitude is that there is no absolute truth but truth is based how the mind tries to understand its own
particular and personal reality. And still, the Post Modern Era lacks the optimism of there being a
religious truth that will explain or interpret everything to everyone satisfactory. In this era Christian
tradition and modernism will face a tremendous challenge in the 21st century, but I believe that the
faith that we have in God will ultimately

Eastern Orthodoxy
Eastern Orthodox Church is known as Orthodox Catholic Church; it is one of three major doctrinal
and jurisdictional sects of Christianity (Meyendorff). Today, 225 million people follow Orthodox
Catholic Christians they live mainly in the Balkans, the Middle East, some are America, and Russia.
"Eastern Orthodoxy is the large body of Christians who follow the faith and practices that were
defined by the first seven ecumenical councils" (Meyendorff). The word orthodox means right
believing, they also follows the tradition and the doctrine with a strict interpretation. The word
Orthodox (rightly believing) was first used by the Greek–speaking Christian who labeled the
communities or individuals who conserve the true faith, as defined by those councils,

Mormons Become Christian Orthodoxy
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (Mormons) have long contended to be a form of
Christianity, in fact, Mormons proclaim to be the "true" church of Jesus Christ. In recent times,
prominent Evangelical, Richard Mouw (former president of Fuller Theological Seminary) has
launched a conversation amongst Evangelicals and Mormons in order, to open a dialogue between
the two religions. Albeit a controversial issue, Mouw suggests that Mormons have more similarities
with orthodox Christianity than differences. In this essay, I would like to argue that, notwithstanding
the similarities, according to Mormon doctrine, Mormonism can never become Christian without
forfeiting their faith in the book of Mormon, and teachings of its leader, Joseph Smith. First, we will
embark on the definition of Christian Orthodoxy by exploring the historical formation of Orthodox
Christianity. Second, we will describe in detail the core theological doctrines of reformed
Christianity, namely, the doctrine of Scripture Alone, Christology, the doctrine of the Trinity, and
Justification by Faith alone. Third, we will look at the History and biography of Mormonism and its
leader, Joseph Smith. Fourth, we will discuss Mormon doctrines and its incompatibility with
Orthodox Christianity. Finally, we will ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, the term is not used in the early Hellenistic world until the second century. Therefore, the
idea of orthodoxy became prominent in the church, in and after the second century because of the
myriad of conflicts regarding Gnosticism, the trinitarian controversy and christological errors.
However, heresy and false teaching was not a new idea for the early church. Throughout the New
Testament writings, the letters of Paul and many other extra–Biblical sources combated false
teachings about Christ and the early

The For The Interethnic Church Experience
For the interethnic church experience, I went to St. George Serbian Orthodox Church in
Carmichaels, Pennsylvania. I attended with three of my friends Ashley, Cassandra, and Jennifer. My
friends came along in order to gain the experience from the church with me. We all had different
experiences, but we all felt glad that we went together and to the church. When planning to go to the
church, I read some articles on the proper etiquette of the church, and how to act in an Orthodox
church. The rules included sitting up straight or standing for the whole service as they do in other
parts of the world, and how to venerate an icon. I was nervous to do all these steps, because I did not
want to mess up or offend anybody. However, I practiced and tried to be prepared. Also, picking an
outfit was a struggle because I wanted to be very respectful to the culture. The church that I attend
when I am at home is very relaxed, and do not care if a person wears jeans to the service. They still
want the people in attendance to be respectful and modest, but besides that, people can wear
whatever the feel comfortable in. When preparing to attend this church however, I picked my outfit
carefully and hoped that I would be dressed up enough. When I arrived, I saw that I was and felt
more relaxed. I was also nervous about the language barrier, as I do not know Serbian. I did not
know if the whole service would be in Serbian or if only part of it would be in a foreign language. I
was excited to

Similarities Between The Roman Catholic Church Between...
The period between 1300 and 1450 encompasses one of the most lamentable eras in European
history – dominated by famine, war, plague, and death. During this period, the Roman Catholic
Church was arguably the single most powerful institution, with Christianity being referred to as the
"matrix of medieval life". The Roman Catholic Church's teachings and ceremonies underpinned
beliefs surrounding morality, the meaning of life and the afterlife. Failure to follow the orthodoxy of
the Catholic Church was deemed heretical, and resulted in the accused being subjected to an
inquisition.
This excerpt reveals the procedures of an ecclesiastical court of investigation as it gradually amassed
evidence against Guillaume Austatz for the crime of heresy. This document was originally produced
in France in 1320, by Master Guillaume Pierre Barthe, the Lords Bishop's notary, and Barthélemy
Adalbert, the Lord Inquisitors notary. It was however later corrected (presumably from Old French
to English) by Rainaud.
This document includes the testimony of Gaillarde, wife of Bernard Ros of Ornolac; and Alazaïs,
wife of Pierre Mounié of Ornolac. It also includes the assigning of the date Guillaume was to hear
his definitive sentence; which was announced by the Lord Bishop in the presence of Master
Guillaume Pierre Barthe and Barthélemy Adalbert. The fact this document is an inquisitorial record
suggests it is highly accurate in its content as inquisitors were required to keep a detailed written

Heresy In Medieval Witchcraft
"For us it is not lawful to introduce any doctrine of our own choosing, neither may we choose some
doctrine which someone else has introduced by his own choice." (Peters, 1980, p. 30). As early as
the second century CE, Christian writers, such as Tertullian (ca. 160 – ca. 200 CE), began defining
what it was to be a heretic and what heresy could lead to (Peters, 1980, p. 29). Medieval churchmen
believed there was much to fear from heresy, but the practice of witchcraft was especially troubling,
as their greatest fears of heresy could be summoned by means of magic.
To better understand the Medieval churchmen's plight with witchcraft the subject of heresy must
first be examined. According to St. Isidore of Seville (ca. 570 – 636), heresy, derived from the Greek
word haeresis meaning choice, was given the name in view of the fact that each heretic, by their
own will, decided to teach and/or believe in heterodoxic manners (Peters, 1980, pp. 47, 49). St.
Isidore continues, stating, "These heresies have risen against the Catholic faith and have been
condemned by the apostles, the holy Fathers, or the councils" (Peters, 1980, p. 50) Thus, heresy can
aptly be defined as anything deviating specifically from the Catholic faith, not Christianity overall.
During the Medieval period, avid church goers and clergymen had many fears regarding heresy, one
of which was the spread of doubt within the faith. In a time when only churchmen could read and
write, it was their teachings of the

Catholic Orthodoxy: The Spanish Inquisition
The first medieval inquisition, the episcopal inquisition, was established in the year 1184 by a papal
bull of Pope Lucius III entitled Ad abolendam, to tackle the growing Catharist movement in
southern France. Catholic Monarchs Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile requested a
papal bull establishing an inquisition in Spain in 1478 in response to the conversos returning to the
practice of Judaism. The Tribunal of the Holy Office of the Inquisition, commonly known as the
Spanish Inquisition was then established. This new Inquisition intended to maintain Catholic
orthodoxy in their kingdoms and to replace the Medieval Inquisition. The role of the Spanish
Inquisition was to eliminate heresy, whether it be conversos returning to the ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
It is clear these methods were too ruthless to be truly effective due to the fact the tortures were so
excruciating – anyone, guilty or innocent would submit and "confess". Some inquisitors used
starvation, forced the accused to consume and hold large volumes of water or other fluids, or
amassed burning coals on parts of their body. Notwithstanding these horrendous acts, sometimes
these methods did not provide results as briskly as the officers would have liked so, even more,
harsher methods were executed. Strappado is a form of torture that was used. This act consisted of
the hands of the accused being tied behind their back and the rope attached to a pulley on the ceiling
of the chamber. The subject was then raised until he was hanging from his arms – causing near
unbearable pain. This stress on often caused the shoulders of the victim to pull out of their sockets.
Sometimes, the torturers added a series of drops, jerking the subject up and down. Weights could be
added to the feet and ankles to cause even more pain, in addition, resulted in much more severe
physical damage. The rack was also used. The accused had his hands and feet bound to rollers at
ends of typically a wooden or metal frame. The torturer would turn the rollers with a handle which
would result in the joints of the subjects being stretched and pulled until they dislocated. If the
torturer turned the rollers further eventually the arms and legs would the subject would be torn off
completely. This method was so terrifying, many would confess just after perceiving another suffer
from

Orthopraxy Vs Orthodoxy
The two most important and significant of religions is the 'Orthodoxy', which explains the correct
beliefs, and 'Orthopraxy', the right behavior towards it. This can be identified as two sides of a coin
because you may find differences as well as similarities. Both of these facts are related and both
required a definition. Correct beliefs are known to be good in the other ways, so the truth and
goodness is the simple meaning of orthodoxy and orthopraxy. In addition to that, behavior is being
associated with all beings along with actions.
In another way these two facts has separate meanings, for behavior it consist of physical and
materialism, while belief consist of mentality and intellectual. You can only identify behavior if you
identify ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Some may go on an international pilgrimage to discover the existence of God. Jewish and Christian
people believe that humans are created by God and according to the Karen Armstrong on her book
The Spiral Staircase. She believed she lacked something in order to fulfill her mission in finding
God. Although she was a nun, she couldn't find what she was looking for. Likewise in order to
achieve your goals you need to make certain adjustments. She finally was able to make the next
step.
Spirituality is about what do we live for and what keeps us alive. It is combined with the soul, spirit
and mind. When we go into deeper, we feel from unnecessary things attached. It gives a greater
inner security and peace that cannot be compared. As the practice goes on we will feel a change in
our life's slowly, more self–centered, less needy of possessions and social status and inner
happiness.
Most teachings explain that one who comes to know the true nature of awareness is the one who
also comes to know the God. If you think that God created all life, then God is the creator of every
human life and nature. This is why the search to discover the nature of one's own innermost essence
is the search for

The Foundation Of Orthodoxy And The Canon
The Foundation of Orthodoxy and the Canon Laurie Pelosi Liberty University Online History of the
Church Submitted: April 8, 2016 1. This research paper is rich in documented history, but ultimately
all who contributed to the New Testament understood that Jesus was the main influence. Our
Christian Orthodox founder is Jesus and His word. After Jesus's death and resurrection he promised
the Apostles that the Holy Spirit would guide them in their missionary tasks. As promised, the
beginnings of Jesus deity began to a new growth and height of worshipers. The Age of the Apostles
began the shaping of our New Testament Cannon in our affirmation of the deity of Jesus and how
we can confirm that He ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In theory all their contributions always linked to Jesus and his divinity. The New Testament Canon
to be authorative has to date back to the time of the Apostles, which as we will see our early church
fathers were groomed by them. Additionally, the New Testament Canon was a slow paced process
with interruptions of wars, violence and persecution. All of those martyred made their sacrifices for
the truth known. Despite such complexities, the church growth continued and the influence of
outside beliefs were becoming unmanageable there was a felt need to establish the works of God,
"the church grew in Asia, Africa and Europe, it became important to establish, which books
originated from apostolic authority 1. Since the churches used the writing of the apostles to establish
doctrine and teach, it was mandatory to discriminate against books, which had dubious origins."2
____________ 1. Origins of the Bible, http://www.truthnet.org/ 2. I.BID 3. After the apostolic
period we now enter the apologist period where thought was highly regarded and defense of our
Christian faith was still a dynamic with persecution still on the up rise. Historically we can see that
many views of our faith were deceptive, and doctrine was important so our church fathers, the
Apologist, tried to legitimize the Christian faith and answer concerns. This is why it was absolutely
necessary to disavow

Value Neutral Orthodoxy
Strong critiques of value–neutral models have been developed exposing their contradictions,
mythologies, and dead ends to show how the supposedly neutral conduct of science is rooted in
history and entangled with cultural and political dimensions (e.g., Eisenhart and Howe, 1992).
Historians have revealed the contextual and situated "connectivity of science" as a human endeavor
of practical import (e.g., Danziger, 1990, 1997), including the reciprocal relationships, co–
constitutions, and bindings among evidence, methodology, normative assumptions, political
interests, instrumentalities, variables, and models of reality (cf. Burman, 1994, 1997; Rutherford,
Vaughn–Blount, and Ball, 2010). These works illustrate how science is about descriptive ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Instead, science and knowledge can and need to be depicted in a different light, which entails
changes in the notions of objectivity, validity, reliability, and truth, rather than obliteration of these
notions. It is quite telling that this was apparently clear to many scholars, already in the early
twentieth century, who pioneered some of the most significant breakthroughs across humanities and
sciences. For example, when William James stated in 1907, quite poetically and prophetically, that "
[p]urely objective truth . . . is nowhere to be found" because "the trail of the human serpent is . . .
over everything" (p. 60), this position did not imply a rejection of knowledge pursuits and of truth.
Or, when Lev Vygotsky wrote that "everything described as a fact is already a theory" (1997a, p.
249) and that "pure objectivity in the educator is utter nonsense" (1997c, p. 349), he was not
dismissing science and objectivity. Similarly, when Niels Bohr accepted the radical premise that "[i]t
is wrong to think that the task of physics is to find out how nature is" (quoted in Newton, 2009, p.
40), independently of our questions, instruments, and methodologies, this did not imply the
impossibility of physics but instead, laid grounds for its most significant

The Debate Of Integrating Elements Of Orthodox Christian...
Orthodoxy, Orthopraxy, and Research Researchers face the challenge of integrating elements of
orthodox Christian theology and orthopraxy into the theoretical orientation of their research. To
maintain the integrity of the study, the research must exhaust ever effort to take themselves out of
the research, allowing the research to speak for itself. Biblical exegesis can influences one's
research; a researcher should acknowledge their assumptions, taking steps to mitigate them from the
research.
Biblical Exegesis, Orthodoxy, Orthopraxy, and Research
One's level of biblical exegesis and interpretation influences one's believes and behaviors.
Woodbridge (2010) provides three elements of biblical exegesis: 1) the world of the writer, 2) world
of the original audience, 3) and the reader's perception of them. How individuals understand these
three aspects of a text shape their orthodoxy. Biblical exegesis is understanding what scripture
meant for the time and people that it was written to, once that is understood, individuals can make
application into the present world. One's orthodoxy does not always translate into orthopraxy;
individuals think they become an exception until their worldview changes (Mittwede, 2013).
Orthodoxy must become ones' worldview in order to affect the orthopraxy of individuals. Biblical
exegesis makes the connections between orthodoxy and orthopraxy giving justification for both.
Orthodoxy without Biblical exegesis has no foundation except preferences

Ben Quash And Michael Ward
In the book Heresies and How to Avoid Them, authors Ben Quash and Michael Ward present eleven
Christian heresies, their origins, and ways to avoid them, and ending the book by arguing for
orthodoxy through an explanation of Biblical Trinitarianism, why it is important, and why Christians
should defend it. The majority of the heresies discussed deal with the nature of Christ and his
personhood, including Arianism and Docetism. The rest of the discussed heresies deal with issues of
the Christian life and the church, such as Marcionism and Pelagianism. The goal of this book is to
explain a number of basic heresies in order to show why it matters what Christians believe. The
authors of this book presented an argument for Christian orthodoxy by presenting eleven heresies,
refuting them, and then presenting a case for Biblical Trinitarianism. Within each refutation, the
authors gave an overview of the origin of the heresy, including "Key Scriptures" that were used as
evidence for the heresy or were important in refuting the heresy and backing orthodoxy. After giving
a brief history of each heresy, the authors detail the main defenders of orthodoxy against a given
heresy. Each chapter ends with reasons the heresy is a heresy and affirmations of orthodoxy. For
example, after talking about the origins of Donatism in North Africa because of the 'unholy'
consecration of Caecilian, Augustine's defense of orthodoxy against Donatism is covered detailing
how he argued since a sacraments

The Foundation of Orthodoxy and the Canon
The Foundation of Orthodoxy and the Canon: There are several areas in the early church on
essential issues such as the deity of Christ, nature, and humanity. This period of dispute was also
characterized with the emergence of groups like Gnostics, which brought a completely new set of
presumed beliefs to the faith that came alongside the faith and in total compromised tenets of the
faith. These new beliefs were supposedly based on the truth of Christ's teachings as presented to his
followers. Consequently, there was a great need to explain the true writings that presented the truth
of Christ. The need for clarifications of these truths was necessary because of the fact that heretical
parties involved would constantly present texts and teach them as being the writings of the Apostles.
This process should include clarification of key events and movements that impacted the
acknowledgment of the canonical books. Orthodoxy and Canon: Canon is a term that is generally
used to refer to the identity of a group of people through differentiating a line around a group of
texts that are associated with the beliefs and values of these individuals. Canon basically plays a
crucial role in the social, political, and economic roles mainly because of its ideological function. In
essence, canon defines the identity of the believing community and the ownership claims of the
standardized texts by this community. On the contrary, orthodoxy refers to the accurate, traditional
or

Russian Orthodoxy Anthropology
Historical and Contemporary Anthropology of Russian Orthodoxy Religion can contribute a vast
array of aspects to a culture including politics and many other ideals. Many people think that just
because Orthodoxy is under the Christian umbrella and the members of this religion meet in a
church that it is the same as other forms of Christianity. One may even hypothesize that is "just like
the Catholic Church". This accusation is wrong and many aspects of Russia and the former USSR
regions justify this disposition. Despite the conflicting views and accusations about the Russian
Orthodox Church, there is a staggering Anthropological context. In order to make sense of the social
and cultural impact of Russian Orthodoxy, it is important to know ... Show more content on
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Growing up with a Catholic background I knew that taking in a drink would probably be rude. I also
showed up on time, which meant nothing because the younger generation showed up more than half
way through the service. One thing I regretted was bringing my notebook. I myself misjudged
"Eulogy" and thought it would be like a Catholic or Non–denominational Christian service with
seats and a place to write. Men and women stood on separate sides of the room which was an
obvious aspect of the church. Some things were less obvious though, like how you come into the
room and not turning your back to the Saints. Participant observation is best described as a fun yet
anxiety filled method of research. Participant research can be fun and effective, but it can turn into a
disrespectful situation in a

Greek Orthodoxy Research Paper
The first meaning of Orthodoxy was "true teaching," which means that the Orthodox Church
believed that tradition was the most important way to practice their tradition. However, the Greek
Orthodox church prefers to define Orthodoxy as "true praise." This means that they think praising
and glorifying God through certain activities is more meaningful. The Greek Orthodox church also
puts an emphasis on the Holy Trinity and believes that the Holy Spirit can unite humans with Jesus
Christ (Fitzgerald 2590). The fundamental ideas of Greek Orthodox include tradition, baptism,
Eucharist, and Theosis. St. George's church in Des Moines embodies these central practices and
even engenders their own specific ways to practice Christianity.
Tradition is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The process of theosis is meant to bring Christians closer to God and become more holy. There is a
common belief among Christians that there should be a relationship with God throughout life, and
not just after death. Therefore, theosis is the "movement of love toward God which begins for each
Christian with the rites of Baptism and which continues throughout life, as well as the life which is
to come" (Fisher). The theosis that the Eucharist embodies is lived during mass at St. George's in
Des Moines. Greek Orthodox Christianity is lived in Des Moines today in the church of St. George.
During the services, it is typical to have chanting of both English and Greek. The amount of Greek
has slowly lessened. At this time, the service is about half Greek and half English. Although the
languages differ for Greek Orthodox and Catholics, the sign of the cross is prominent for both
religions. At any time during the service, implementing the sign of the cross is completely
acceptable.(Greaver

Eastern Orthodox Vs Roman Catholic
Eastern Orthodox vs Roman Catholic In the funeral world there are a lot of different styles of
funerals. For example, Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic funerals. Both very different, but at
the same time they have several things in common. In funerals there is an abundance of things to
compare and contrast. We will be looking at different ways the notification of death is handled in
both of these religions, removal, embalming, dressing/casketing, visitation requirements/rituals, and
interment or cremation. When you receive the first call for a Roman Catholic, you used to have to
notify the clergy, but now you do not have to notify the clergy the family still may prefer too. You
also have to abide by the churches rules, the church may require clergy to know. However in Eastern
Orthodox depending in the area clergyman does not have to be notified either, but if you are in an
area that does require the priest to be notified you would call the clergy when you received the first
call. In most cases the notification of the priest is taken care of by the family and they already have
had the prayer service before the call to the funeral director. When making the removal of remains
of Roman Catholic there are no restrictions upon the deceased layperson. Most of the time you will
see restrictions enforced for Priests or Nuns. Like the Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox has no
restrictions on the deceased. You would just follow usual procedures according to the church or the
local

Comparing The Foundation Of Orthodoxy And The Canon
The Foundation of Orthodoxy and the Canon For years, the dispute about what is fact and what is
opinion has been present in the church. This debate is seen, in modern day, through the different
denominations that are under the Christianity banner. Under the banner of Christianity there are
Catholic, Baptist, Presbyterian, Apostolic, Methodist, Seventh–Day Adventist, Church of God in
Christ (C.O.G.I.C), and Lutheran. Now, even though each of these denominations call themselves
Christians, their beliefs about the Christian "kingdom" are different. Some of the differences include
Catholics, who believe that you must confess your sins to the priest, even though the Bible, the same
bible that all Christians read out of, in the book ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Now, at that time, I was only 12 years old, God had not endowed me with those gifts, but when I
answered him no, he began to act differently towards me. It was from that interaction that I began to
take notice of the different teachings in different denominations. Now, I tried to deepen my research
using the Online Library, but my results continued to come back not found, but I was able to go on
line and research some things regarding the denominational differences. I was able to find an online
article that discussed the wrongs of denominationalism. In the article the writer stated that the
definition for denominationalism is "the tendency to separate into religious denominations"
(Copeland 2001). By this article, denominations are clearly non–scriptural, because God is about
unity, for as Paul states in the book of Ephesians 4:4–6, "There is one body, and one Spirit, even as
ye are called in one hope of your calling; One Lord, one faith, one baptism, One God and Father of
all, who is above all, and through all, and in you all. Bibliography Copeland, Mark A.
www.ChristianLibrary.org. 2001.

Political And Political Orthodoxy On The Election Of 1824
Election of 1824
The Election of 1824 clearly showed that the "era of good feelings" had come to an end. All the
candidates were Democratic–Republicans, but personal and sectional interests outweighed political
orthodoxy. The candidates included:
John Quincy Adams, son of a Federalist president, represented the interests of the Northeast (high
protective tariff) and was the leading contender
Henry Clay of Kentucky shared political views with Adams, but they held one another in contempt –
the rigid New Englander versus the hard–drinking Westerner
Andrew Jackson, a Senator from Tennessee and military hero, drew Western support from Clay
despite the fact that his political views were not well–known
William H. Crawford of Georgia was born in

The Foundation Of Orthodoxy And The Canon
THE FOUNDATION OF ORTHODOXY AND THE CANON
A Paper
Presented to Dr. Nickens of
Liberty University
Lynchburg, VA
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for
Church History CHHI 301
by
Whitney J. Fitzwater
April 6, 2015
INTRODUCTION The history of the Church has seen key event and movements that influenced the
New Testament canon. The way by which the New Testament cannon was formed as it was is a
subject of debate to this day. To truly know and begin to understand God, one must be able to
understand that Scripture is God–breathed. This is crucial for Christ followers in order to be
sanctified and mature in their walk with Christ. In order to best understand the canon, one must be
able to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
[or] Finally, the term includes the interpretive activity of the modern Christian reader who seeks not
only to identify with the received tradition but also truthfully to appropriate the message and to be a
faithful recipient of the gospel for the present age.
It is always best to first define and understand the context of the content in order to further the
knowledge of it. This helps understand the way by which the canon has affected the message of the
Gospel and the Church throughout history. The early Church could not have been able to decipher
between right and wrong claims without a process to do so. The foundation of the canon has enabled
the New Testament to remain true to the original writings. Furthermore, the movements surrounding
the time of the New Testament canon are crucial to take note of. The most known books of the New
Testament are the Gospels. These four books are written by four different people, yet they all align
with the same content. Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John present the good news as eyewitnesses.
Although the canon was not yet formed, the agreement by the four men on the actual occurrence of
the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus aligned to the others. The Gospel had been known in the
churches. Alexander Souter states, The Gospel was something well known in the churches, a

document or body of documents, to which it was sufficient to appeal without further specification."
The letters written by Paul in the New

Essay about A Lifelong Calling into the Orthodox Christian...
The Orthodox Christian Church holds true to the teachings of Christ as given by Him to His
apostles. The Orthodox Christian Church is universal and Orthodox Christians have a faith and
doctrine of Jesus Christ Our Lord as Head of the Church.
To date, the Orthodox Church teachings promote the central role of youth and children in the
mission of the church. Being an Orthodox Christian is a lifelong calling to whoever is baptized and
chrismated in the name of the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit. Right from child hood, we as
Orthodox Children share in the Holy mysteries of the faith. The Holy Liturgies and prayers
emphasize the mystical transformation of the child to dress up in Christ and to follow Christ forever.
My obligation as a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
We should wake up, walk, work and sleep again dressed up into prayer, asking God to always be
with us and to forgive our sins committed in word, thoughts or deeds knowingly and unknowingly
.In this way, we as youth will become the pillar of progressive community life and happiness. We do
not need to be rich with lots of money, property, land, clothes, and so on to live an Orthodox life.
These come to us automatically if we patiently follow the footsteps of our forefathers and after Jesus
Christ himself.
No matter what the era or generation, there will always be the pressure of bad spirits and demonic
teachings by hypocritical liars who will seek to divert us from our Orthodox faith for many reasons
be it greed, jealousy, and many other sinful actions they want to send our way. We should aim at
becoming truly Orthodox in daily life styles. Never going to excess or taking to the temptations of
the flesh.
We can become intimidated by these pressures of society and succumb to peer pressure. But we
must remember, 'Orthodox Christians have moral codes by which we must and should live. If it
happens that the code runs contrary to the (sinful) 'way of life' of the given society in which we live,
we should and must adhere to the higher way of life which is our Orthodox Christian way of life.
Our Orthodoxy cannot be determined or influenced by

Analysis Of The 3rd Council Of Orthodoxy
We see that each Ecumenical Council brings about different theological claims that would later
shape the idea of orthodoxy. What is important in relation to these theological claims in the councils
is the take away from each. They each bring a new idea, and tradition, into the next time period.
While they still continue to have multiple councils, we see the adapting and changing of each
because of how the Church's themselves operate. The councils bring forth lessons to be learned with
regards to valuable information that is put toward the idea and culture of orthodoxy. The 3rd Council
in Ephesus focuses on Cyril and Nestorius in relation to Theotokos (Cyril –bearer of God) and
Christotokos (Nestorius –Christ bearer). The 4th council in Chalcedon ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Cyril and Nestorius in the third council introduce the way that politics played into the councils and
how the outcome would influence orthodoxy. We see this by looking at how both Cyril and
Nestorius wrote to Pope Celestine, while only Cyril wrote in Latin, which made it easier for the
Pope himself to read more promptly, while Nestorius's was pushed to the side to later be translated.
This was another strike for Nestorius, and it did not help that he was seen as having a similar
character to those who believed in Pelagianism. This is where we note imperialism being woven into
the making of orthodoxy by the powerful bishops and leaders in Christianity by using the councils to
enforce basic structures. They would implement these through their bishops, and teachings based
Christ's life, and on the principles based out of successful councils. Bishops themselves became the
hierarchy in particular churches, and would soon lead to different adaptations based on individual
Churches such as papa and pharaohs (Acts of Council of Chalcedon, p.12). These same bishops and
other sees would later cause rivalry among various issues (Acts of Council of Chalcedon, p.16). In
any hierarchy, we see favoritism and personal views conflicting with the roles given. The late
antiquity time frame was no different in relation to personal views on subjects, individuals, and how
those politics played into the role of imperialism. This therefore played into the idea of "favorites" in
the world of imperial politics of this period. We see how this was intertwined within politics based
upon the end conclusions of the third and forth councils. Such decisions from these councils lead to
hatred of either Cyril, or of Nestorius. This lead to Antiochene bishops, who were not yet ready to
follow Cyrillian Christology, to therefore objected the teachings while sticking to their previous
teachings from Nestorius

Foundation of Orthodoxy and Formation of the Canon
THE FOUNDATION OF ORTHODOXY AND THE FORMATION OF THE CANON
Presented to
Professor G. Johnson
For
CHHI 301–D06 LUO
By
Dana Peebles
L25945367
July 18, 2015 Throughout the legacy of Rome there has been much conversation over the rise and
fall of the empire. From the government and its ideas to establish an effective common law, to the
economic and social status of the culture and what the values and beliefs are for Christians, the
foundation of orthodoxy and the formation of the canon becomes quite influential in this process. It
is my desire to explain that despite the disputes going on within the early church, the essential
matters such as the nature, humanity, and deity of Christ are critical to the rise of ... Show more
Materials had to be collected, and the textual criticism and credibility needed to be established. By
doing this, the canon was discovered. In the discovery of canonicity, Erwin Lutzer describes how
this happened. Lutzer notes that the canon came to be through the "chosen people of God." This
collection of books was not selected "by a synod or council of the church," but rather by the
"recognition of authoritative people of God." [8]. Elmer Towns, agrees with Lutzer's view and adds
that the basis for including a book in Scripture means that it needs to withstand six specific terms of
criteria. "First, it must be prophetic (written by a prophet). Second, it must be authoritative (claims
to be God's message . . . "thus saith the LORD"). Third, it must be authentic (written by the person
who claimed to be its author). Fourth, it had life transforming power. Fifth, it was widely recognized
as the Word of God, and lastly it was reliable (the contents were consistent with the rest of Scripture,
the data were accurate, and there were no inconsistencies in the book). [9]. Towns standard, is one
that applies to Christianity and orthodox when identifying what the canon is and which 66 books
would make up the content of the Bible and God's revelation to man through Scripture. Since the
revelation of God is personal and "there are more than 20,000 religious denominations" to sort
through, we can see how key events and Christward

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