Barriers to Climate Specific Adaptation
This module provides a typology of barriers, and suggests a method to assess barriers and thus, ideally, avoid such barriers.
Evaluating adaptation - Avoiding maladaptation- training for adaptationVestlandsforsking WRNI
Avoiding Maladaptation
This module provides a more detailed look at the issue of maladaptation and includes the following:
The links and conflicts between mitigation and adaptation
Adaptation and sustainable development
How to identify and avoid maladaptation
The potential for mal-mitigation
Online Training Resource for Climate Adaptation: Evaluation Techniques- Avoid...Deborah Davies
Avoiding Maladaptation
This module provides a more detailed look at the issue of maladaptation and includes the following:
The links and conflicts between mitigation and adaptation
Adaptation and sustainable development
How to identify and avoid maladaptation
The potential for mal-mitigation
Implementing adaptation - Identifying means - training for adaptationVestlandsforsking WRNI
Identifying Possible Means for Adaptation
This module provides a general overview of the different categories of climate change adaptation measures and includes the following:
Typology of Adaptation
Preparing for Adaptation
Active Measures
Developing adaptation strategies background training for adaptationVestlandsforsking WRNI
Identifying the Main Climate Change Adaptation Strategies
This module provides an general overview of the main strategies for climate change adaptation and includes more detailed definitions of
-adaptation
-vulnerability
-resilience
-exposure and sensitivity
Speaker: John Labadie
Emergency managers will have to deal with the impending, possibly extreme, and uncertain
effects of climate change. Yet, many emergency managers are not aware of the full range of
possible climate change effects, and they are unsure of their place in the effort to plan for, adapt
to, and cope with those effects. This may partly reflect emergency mangers‟ reluctance to get
caught up in the rancorous – and politically-charged – debate about climate change, but it mostly
is due to the worldview shared by most emergency managers. We focus on: extreme events;
acute vs. chronic hazards (floods vs. droughts); a shorter event horizon (5 years vs. 75-100
years); and a shorter planning and operational cycle. This presentation explores the important
intersection of emergency management, environmental management, and climate change
mitigation and adaptation. It examines the different definitions of terms common to all three
fields, the overlapping strategies used in all three fields, and the best means of collaboration and
mutual re-enforcement among the three to confront and solve the many possible futures that we
may face in the climate change world. Emergency managers must take a seat at the table and
involve themselves in all aspects of planning for and dealing with effects of climate change.
This presentation created and addressed by Anil Markandya (BC3) in the intensive three day course from the BC3, Basque Centre for Climate Change and UPV/EHU (University of the Basque Country) on Climate Change in the Uda Ikastaroak Framework.
The objective of the BC3 Summer School is to offer an updated and multidisciplinary view of the ongoing trends in climate change research. The BC3 Summer School is organized in collaboration with the University of the Basque Country and is a high quality and excellent summer course gathering leading experts in the field and students from top universities and research centres worldwide.
Evaluating adaptation - Avoiding maladaptation- training for adaptationVestlandsforsking WRNI
Avoiding Maladaptation
This module provides a more detailed look at the issue of maladaptation and includes the following:
The links and conflicts between mitigation and adaptation
Adaptation and sustainable development
How to identify and avoid maladaptation
The potential for mal-mitigation
Online Training Resource for Climate Adaptation: Evaluation Techniques- Avoid...Deborah Davies
Avoiding Maladaptation
This module provides a more detailed look at the issue of maladaptation and includes the following:
The links and conflicts between mitigation and adaptation
Adaptation and sustainable development
How to identify and avoid maladaptation
The potential for mal-mitigation
Implementing adaptation - Identifying means - training for adaptationVestlandsforsking WRNI
Identifying Possible Means for Adaptation
This module provides a general overview of the different categories of climate change adaptation measures and includes the following:
Typology of Adaptation
Preparing for Adaptation
Active Measures
Developing adaptation strategies background training for adaptationVestlandsforsking WRNI
Identifying the Main Climate Change Adaptation Strategies
This module provides an general overview of the main strategies for climate change adaptation and includes more detailed definitions of
-adaptation
-vulnerability
-resilience
-exposure and sensitivity
Speaker: John Labadie
Emergency managers will have to deal with the impending, possibly extreme, and uncertain
effects of climate change. Yet, many emergency managers are not aware of the full range of
possible climate change effects, and they are unsure of their place in the effort to plan for, adapt
to, and cope with those effects. This may partly reflect emergency mangers‟ reluctance to get
caught up in the rancorous – and politically-charged – debate about climate change, but it mostly
is due to the worldview shared by most emergency managers. We focus on: extreme events;
acute vs. chronic hazards (floods vs. droughts); a shorter event horizon (5 years vs. 75-100
years); and a shorter planning and operational cycle. This presentation explores the important
intersection of emergency management, environmental management, and climate change
mitigation and adaptation. It examines the different definitions of terms common to all three
fields, the overlapping strategies used in all three fields, and the best means of collaboration and
mutual re-enforcement among the three to confront and solve the many possible futures that we
may face in the climate change world. Emergency managers must take a seat at the table and
involve themselves in all aspects of planning for and dealing with effects of climate change.
This presentation created and addressed by Anil Markandya (BC3) in the intensive three day course from the BC3, Basque Centre for Climate Change and UPV/EHU (University of the Basque Country) on Climate Change in the Uda Ikastaroak Framework.
The objective of the BC3 Summer School is to offer an updated and multidisciplinary view of the ongoing trends in climate change research. The BC3 Summer School is organized in collaboration with the University of the Basque Country and is a high quality and excellent summer course gathering leading experts in the field and students from top universities and research centres worldwide.
Online Training Resource for Climate Adaptation: Adaptation Strategies - Whic...Deborah Davies
Identifying the Main Climate Change Adaptation Strategies
This module provides an general overview of the main strategies for climate change adaptation and includes more detailed definitions of
-adaptation
-vulnerability
-resilience
-exposure and sensitivity
Critically evaluate the armed force strategic Mitigation and adaptation to cl...Jahangir Alam
Climate change is real, serious, and inescapable, and its looming effects, certain and uncertain, may prove to be destabilizing on a massive scale. Stemming the tide of climate change and adapting to its far-reaching security implications must therefore rank among the most vital strategic priorities this century.
A presentation about Community-Based Adaptation to Climate Change in Southern Africa. Presented during the SADC Climate Change Course for Trans-frontier Conservation Areas in 2014.
CORE Group Fall Meeting 2010. Climate Change and Food Security: Implications for Sustaining Community Health. - Ilona Varallyay, Jennifer Yourkavitch, and Eric Sarriot, CEDARS
A presentation on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reports, with particular relevance to Africa and Trans-frontier Conservation Areas within Southern Africa
Climate Change Adaptation with respect to Disaster Risk Reduction (Major cl...Jahangir Alam
Climate change is a natural process related to the endogenic, exogenic and astronomical process of the universe.
Climate Change is a human-induced process related to GHG emission.
Evaluating strategies - Monitoring and evaluation - training for adaptationVestlandsforsking WRNI
Evaluating Strategies and Measures
This module provides an introduction to evaluating adaptation strategies and measures and covers the following:
The value of monitoring and evaluation processes
How to critically evaluate adaptation actions
Online Training Resource for Climate Adaptation: Adaptation Strategies - Whic...Deborah Davies
Identifying the Main Climate Change Adaptation Strategies
This module provides an general overview of the main strategies for climate change adaptation and includes more detailed definitions of
-adaptation
-vulnerability
-resilience
-exposure and sensitivity
Critically evaluate the armed force strategic Mitigation and adaptation to cl...Jahangir Alam
Climate change is real, serious, and inescapable, and its looming effects, certain and uncertain, may prove to be destabilizing on a massive scale. Stemming the tide of climate change and adapting to its far-reaching security implications must therefore rank among the most vital strategic priorities this century.
A presentation about Community-Based Adaptation to Climate Change in Southern Africa. Presented during the SADC Climate Change Course for Trans-frontier Conservation Areas in 2014.
CORE Group Fall Meeting 2010. Climate Change and Food Security: Implications for Sustaining Community Health. - Ilona Varallyay, Jennifer Yourkavitch, and Eric Sarriot, CEDARS
A presentation on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reports, with particular relevance to Africa and Trans-frontier Conservation Areas within Southern Africa
Climate Change Adaptation with respect to Disaster Risk Reduction (Major cl...Jahangir Alam
Climate change is a natural process related to the endogenic, exogenic and astronomical process of the universe.
Climate Change is a human-induced process related to GHG emission.
Evaluating strategies - Monitoring and evaluation - training for adaptationVestlandsforsking WRNI
Evaluating Strategies and Measures
This module provides an introduction to evaluating adaptation strategies and measures and covers the following:
The value of monitoring and evaluation processes
How to critically evaluate adaptation actions
Prosessfase 4 Evaluere strategier og tiltak: Å evaluere teknikker
Evaluating Strategies and Measures
This module provides an introduction to evaluating adaptation strategies and measures and covers the following:
• •
The value of monitoring and evaluation processes How to critically evaluate adaptation actions
Analysing climate vulnerability- Online training resource for adaptationVestlandsforsking WRNI
Different Forms of Vulnerability
This module provides a description of the different forms of vulnerability and will cover the following:
Vulnerability to today`s climate and vulnerability to tomorrows climate.
What is meant by natural, socio-economic, and institutional vulnerability
How these different kinds of vulnerabilities interact
Additional vulnerability perspectives
Process Stage 1 Analysing Climate Vulnerability: Institutional
Institutional Climate Vulnerability
This module outlines how institutional capacity affects vulnerability to climate change and will cover how to identify and address weaknesses in institutional capacity in order to reduce vulnerability.
Developing adaptation strategies- Uncertainty- training for adaptationVestlandsforsking WRNI
Handling the Issue of Uncertainty
This module provides a more in depth look at the issues of uncertainty and covers the following:
How uncertainties affect vulnerability assessments
The categories of uncertainty?
How to conduct local uncertainty analysis
Building Capacity by Building Bridges: Lessons from Developing the Dublin Reg...Sabrina Dekker
Poster Presentation from the IPCC Cities and Climate Change Science Conference in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada of the ongoing work of the Dublin Region's local authorities (Dublin City Council, Dun Laoghaire-Rathdown County Council, Fingal County Council, South Dublin County Council)
Online Training Resource for Climate Adaptation: IntroductionDeborah Davies
Introduction to the online, interactive training resource developed by the Western Norway Research Institute (WRNI)/ Vestlandsforsking.
The slide show includes a brief on the modules covered in the training resource.
The goal of the training resource is to promote a holistic approach to climate change adaptation and enhance awareness of available planning tools and processes that will promote the development of sustainable adaptation measures.
We use the word sustainable over successful, because many projects can achieve short term success, but lasting viability is essential for communities to cope with current and long-term impacts of a changing climate.
How can we make stormwater education more effective?Neil Dufty
Education has been viewed by many organisations as an important non-structural stormwater management tool with considerable investment made to support it.
Stormwater education activities have included media campaigns, signage, stormwater drain stenciling and industry training courses. They aim to change the behaviour of sectors of the community whose activities are thought to impact on stormwater quality (and quantity) and the health of waterways.
Yet, have these stormwater education programs been effective in changing behaviour and achieve water quality improvements? According to research, the answer is ‘in some cases’. However, there is certainly a formula for effective stormwater education - this is developed in this paper.
Selecting the Right Strategy
This module outlines the principles for prioritising between different adaptation measures in particular
-Cost-effectiveness
-Precautionary principle
It concludes with a list of recommended criteria for selecting the right strategy
Methodological Framework for AssessingVulnerability to Climate Change by IPCCHILLFORT
IPCC Climate vulnerability Assessment procedure. The presentation was a part of College Assignment. I am thankful to ITPI journal where I got the topic for the same. The reference is:
Methodological Frameworks for Assessing Vulnerability to Climate Change. Written by Rekha S Nair and Dr. Alka Bharat.
Institute of Town Planners, India Journal 8 - 1, 01 - 15, January - March 2011
Prosessfase 3 Sette i gang tilpasningstiltak gjennomføre tilpasningstiltakVestlandsforsking WRNI
Prosessfase 3 Sette i gang tilpasningstiltak: Gjennomføre tilpasningstiltak
Gjennomføre tilpasningstiltak
Denne seksjonen skisserer hvordan å iverksette tiltak og innlemme handlinger i eksisterende prosjekter og strategier.
Process Stage 1 Analysing Climate Vulnerability: Combining
Combining Vulnerabilities to Assess Local Vulnerability
This module explores how to combine the three sets of vulnerabilities, natural, socio-economic and institutional into a matrix of !total vulnerability" and apply this locally.
Prosessfase 4 Evaluere strategier og tiltak, barrierene mot klimaendringeneVestlandsforsking WRNI
Prosessfase 4
Evaluere strategier og tiltak: Barrierene mot klimaendringene
Barrierene mot klimaendringene
Denne seksjonen inneholder en typologi for barrierer og foreslår en metode for å vurdere mulige barrierer og dermed danne grunnlag for å unngå disse.
Prosessfase 4 Evaluere strategier og tiltak: Unngå maladaptasjon
Unngå maladaptasjon
Denne seksjonen gir et mer detaljert syn på spørsmålet om maladaptasjon og omfatter følgende:
• • • •
Koblingene og konfliktene mellom utslippsreduksjon og tilpasning Tilpasning og bærekraftig utvikling Hvordan identifisere og unngå maladaptasjon Potensialet for malmitigation
Prosessfase 3 Sette i gang tilpasningstiltak identifisere midler for tilpas...Vestlandsforsking WRNI
Prosessfase 3 Sette i gang tilpasningstiltak: Identifisere midler for tilpasning
Identifisere mulige midler for tilpasning
Denne seksjonen gir en generell oversikt over de ulike kategoriene av klimaendringstilpasningstiltak og omfatter følgende:
• • •
Typologi for tilpasning Forberedelser for tilpasning Aktive tiltak
Prosessfase 2 Utvikle tilpasningsstrategier: Håndtering av farer
Håndtering av farer
Denne seksjonen diskuterer de tre viktigeste risikometodene:
• • •
risikosøkende “beste skudd” risikoforebygger
Prosessfase 2 Utvikle tilpasningsstrategier spørsmålet om usikkerhet Vestlandsforsking WRNI
Prosessfase 2 Utvikle tilpasningsstrategier: Spørsmålet om usikkerhet
Håndtering av spørsmålet om usikkerhet
Denne seksjonen gir et mer grundig syn på problemer og usikkerheter, og dekker følgende:
• • •
Hvordan påvirker usikkerheter sårbarhetsvurderinger? Hva er usikkerhetskategoriene? Hvordan utføre en lokal usikkerhetsanalyse?
Prinsipper for prioritering av miljøpolitiske midler
Eksempelprinsipper som brukes ofte
-Beste tilgjengelige teknologien -Forurenseren-betaler-prinsippet -Kostnadseffektivitet -Styringseffektivitet -Forsiktighetsprinsippet -Bærekraftig utvikling
Men hvilke av disse prinsippene kan og bør bli brukt innenfor klimatilpasningsområde?
Prosessfase 2 Utvikle tilpasningsstrategier: Innledning
Identifisere de viktigste klimatilpasningsstrategiene
Denne seksjonen gir en generell oversikt over de viktigste klimatilpasningsstrategiene, og omfatter mer detaljerte definisjoner -adaptation -vulnerability
-resilience -exposure and sensitivity
Prosessfase 3 Sette i gang tilpasningstiltak gjennomføre tilpasningstiltakVestlandsforsking WRNI
Prosessfase 3 Sette i gang tilpasningstiltak: Gjennomføre tilpasningstiltak
Gjennomføre tilpasningstiltak
Denne seksjonen skisserer hvordan å iverksette tiltak og innlemme handlinger i eksisterende prosjekter og strategier.
Prosessfase 1 Analysere klimasårbarhet: Samfunnsøkonomisk klimasårbarhet
Samfunnsøkonomisk klimasårbarhet
Denne seksjonen gir en oversikt over samfunnsøkonomisk sårbarhet og metoder for å analysere dem, og vil dekke følgende:
Nyttiggjøre eksisterende metodelærer
Utvikle samfunnsøkonomiske data
Prosessfase 1 Analysere klimasårbarhet: Institusjonell klimasårbarhet
Institusjonell klimasårbarhet
Denne seksjonen skisserer hvordan institusjonell kapasitet påvirker sårbarhet mot klimaendringer. Seksjonen dekker hvordan du kan identifisere og løse svakheter i institusjonell kapasitet for å redusere sårbarheten.
Prosessfase 1 Analysere klimasårbarhet: Naturlig klimasårbarhet
Naturlig klimasårbarhet
Denne seksjonen tar opp naturlig klimasårbarhet og dekker følgende:
• • • •
Hvordan identifisere mulige konsekvenser av klimaendringene på naturlige farer. Hvordan identifisere mulige konsekvenser av klimaendringene på det innebygde miljøet. Hvordan identifisere mulige konsekvenser av klimaendringene på økosystemtjenester og naturlige miljø. Den vil også utforske hvordan å identifisere økende virkninger av klimaendringene på det naturlige miljøet.
Prosessfase 1 Analysere klimasårbarhet: Dagens klima
Vurdere sårbarheten til dagens klima
Denne seksjonen tar for seg følgende:
• Betydningen av å vurdere sårbarhetene til dagens klima. • Hvordan identifisere gjeldende tilpasningsunderskudd
Prosessfase 1 Analysere klimasårbarhet: Tolke klimadata
Denne seksjonen gir en innledning til klimadata og hvordan bruke det effektivt. Følgende dekkes: • Hvordan regionaliserte klimadata er produserte. • Hvordan forstå og tolke regionaliserte klimadata. • Hvordan identifisere og kommunisere usikkerheter.
Prosessfase 1 Analysere klimasårbarhet - ulike former for sårbarhetVestlandsforsking WRNI
Prosessfase 1 Analysere klimasårbarhet: Ulike former for sårbarhet
Ulike former for sårbarhet
• Denne seksjonen gir en beskrivelse av de ulike formene for sårbarhet og dekker følgende: • Sårbarhet i dagens og morgendagens klima • Hva er ment med naturlig, samfunnsøkonomisk og institusjonell sårbarhet? • Hvordan samhandler disse typene sårbarhet?
Brukermedvirkning
En bruker/interessent (”stakeholder”, heretter kalt bruker) er noen med en egeninteresse i en bestemt handling, en avgjørelse eller et utfall. De kan være enkeltpersoner eller samfunns- eller sektorrepresentanter.
Brukermedvirkning er prosessen der brukere er involverte og brakt sammen for å diskutere og lede innsatser mot et bestemt utfall, og prosessen og arten av oppdraget er svært mye bestemt av prosjektets mål.
Enkle, ukontroversielle prosjekter trenger kanskje bare et faktaark og kortfattet brukermedvirkning sammenlignet med mer omstridte eller langsiktige prosjekter som kanskje trenger mer investering i tid og et samarbeid som krever mer omfattende brukermedvirkning.
På denne bakgrunnen kan vi tegne en ”involveringsstige”.
Veiledningsnotater: Publikum
Disse online veiledningsressursene er utviklet spesielt for utøvere som tilbyr intern eller ekstern veiledning i klimatilpasningsstrategier, eller for å innlemme klimatilpasning i eksisterende planleggingsfaser på en effektiv måte.
Informasjonen vil være relevant for både offentlige og private organisasjoner, og kan være av interesse for dem som er involvert i planlegging, miljømessig og bærekraftig politikk, kriseplanlegging og overordnede strategier innen:
•Regional og lokal styring
•Statsforvaltningen og dens organer
•Frivillige organisasjoner og forskningsorganisasjoner, inkludert klimaendringspartnerskap
•Bedrifter og tjenesteleverandører som har nasjonale rapporteringskrav for tiltak innen klimaendringer
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
2. Process Stage 4
Evaluating Adaptation: Barriers to Adaptation
Barriers to Climate Specific Adaptation
This module provides a typology of barriers, and suggests a method to assess barriers and thus, ideally,
avoid such barriers.
Climate Adaptation
C. Aall & D.Davies 2012
Online Training Resource
3. Process Stage 4
Evaluating Adaptation: Barriers to Adaptation
Barriers to implementation
There are significant barriers to implementing adaptation.
These include both the inability of natural systems to
adapt to the rate and magnitude of climate change, as well
as technological, financial, cognitive and behavioural and
social and cultural constraints.
There are also significant knowledge gaps for adaptation
as well as impediments to flows of knowledge and
information relevant for adaptation decisions.
Climate Adaptation
C. Aall & D.Davies 2012
Online Training Resource
4. Process Stage 4
Evaluating Adaptation: Barriers to Adaptation
Types of barriers
• Goal barriers
– Conflicts of interest pertain to conflicts between different goals.
– e.g. the desire to establish residential houses near seas and lakes versus the goal of
preventing such construction because of the risk of ocean rise and inundation.
• Instrument barriers
– Barriers related to the choice of instruments.
– e.g. whether or not the municipality should expropriate land or make it voluntary for land-
owners to sell land.
• Organisational barriers
– Pertain to how the climate adaptation effort is organised.
• Uncertainty barriers
– Pertain to various forms of knowledge deficit in analyzing climate vulnerability and how this
may obstruct climate adaptation.
Climate Adaptation
C. Aall & D.Davies 2012
Online Training Resource
5. Process Stage 4
Evaluating Adaptation: Barriers to Adaptation
Conflicts for land development in relation to the adaptation measure:
• Avoid building infrastructure in areas at risk
– conflicts between a climate resilient pattern of development and town development
• Private economic interests
• Political goals (e.g to minimise transportation needs in town development)
• Risk of maladaptation
– Creating transportation needs in conflict with mitigation policies
– Town development on agricultural land in conflict with other adaptation needs
Climate Adaptation
C. Aall & D.Davies 2012
Online Training Resource
6. Process Stage 4
Evaluating Adaptation: Barriers to Adaptation
The Importance of Uncertainty Barriers
The connection between climate parameters and geo-hazards
• General
– The connection between climate parameters and geo-hazards
• Local
– The areas at risk at todays climate
– The areas at risk in the local climate projections
Climate Adaptation
C. Aall & D.Davies 2012
Online Training Resource
7. Process Stage 4
Evaluating Adaptation: Barriers to Adaptation
Instrument barriers
• The government funding of local analyses of geo-hazards.
• The government funding of local protection measures
-The large regional and local differences in areas at risk of geo- hazards makes it an impossible
task for some regions to cover the expenses.
Climate Adaptation
C. Aall & D.Davies 2012
Online Training Resource
8. Process Stage 4
Evaluating Adaptation: Barriers to Adaptation
Organisational Barriers
• The lack of administrative capacity, especially within land-use planning
– both in regard to implementing measures and in regard to the scope and quality of the
measures implemented.
• The lack of administrative competence
– especially when it comes to the quality of measures.
• A lack of political competence is a barrier to a comprehensive approach to climate
adaptation,
– i.e. one which sees adaptation in connection with other environmental challenges, emissions
of climate gases and long-term sustainable development.
Climate Adaptation
C. Aall & D.Davies 2012
Online Training Resource
9. Process Stage 4
Evaluating Adaptation: Barriers to Adaptation
Levels and Degrees of Barriers
• First-degree barriers
– Refers to whether or not the measure should be carried out at all.
– A first-order barrier may include a lack of a given competence or skill.
• Second-degree barriers
– Pertain to the quality of the measure, i.e. that the measure is implemented, but
the desired outcome was not achieved
– A second-degree barrier could arise because the necessary competences or skills are not
sufficiently developed or accessible.
Climate Adaptation
C. Aall & D.Davies 2012
Online Training Resource
10. Process Stage 4
Evaluating Adaptation: Barriers to Adaptation
Template of Barriers
Climate Adaptation
C. Aall & D.Davies 2012
Online Training Resource
11. Process Stage 4
Evaluating Adaptation: Barriers to Adaptation
How Much Adaptation Can We Take?
Diagram2
Climate Adaptation
C. Aall & D.Davies 2012
Online Training Resource
12. Process Stage 4
Evaluating Adaptation: Barriers to Adaptation
Final key points
The Fourth Assessment Report from IPCC’s Working Group II (Parry et al., 2007) points to a range
of environmental, economic, informational, social, attitudinal, and behavioural constraints that
impede the adaptation:
1) The level of uncertainty associated with climate change makes it difficult to not only calculate
risks but also the potential benefits from investments in adaptation.
2) Measuring the impacts of climate change at a local level depends on the downscaling and
calibration of global models, which is still an immature science.
3) There is a lack of information on adaptation costs, in part, because it is complicated to account
for, and to estimate costs related to, the effects of adaptive capacity building-processes
4) Issues of scale and long time-frames can make the need to respond more remote and removed
from the current context (Zermoglo et al., 2011).
Zermoglio, F., Taylor, R., Devisscher, T., Taylor, A., Smith, B., Downing, T., et al.
(2011, March 30). Adaptation Targets | weADAPT 4.0.
http://weadapt.org/knowledge-base/adaptation-decision-making/Adaptation-Targets
Climate Adaptation
D.Davies 2012
Online Training Resource
13. Process Stage 4
Evaluating Adaptation: Barriers to Adaptation
Final key points
Perceptions of barriers to adaptation also limit actions, even when capacities and resources to
adapt are available. These perceptions vary among individuals and groups within populations and
even the scientific community itself.
For example, under the logic of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
(UNFCCC) definition of climate change in 1994, climate specific adaptation was viewed as a cost of
climate change; any potential benefits of the adaption measures were not considered (Pielke, 2005).
The IPCC presented a broader definition of climate change, and outlined the potential for
adaptations to have benefits. Here, adaptation is treated as a facet of sustainable development,
representing a resource investment rather than a financial loss.
Pielke, R. A. (2005). Misdefining “climate change”: consequences for science and action.
Environmental Science & Policy, 8(6), 548–561.
Climate Adaptation
D.Davies 2012
Online Training Resource
14. Process Stage 4
Evaluating Adaptation: Barriers to Adaptation
Final key points
• Adaptation to climate change is multidimensional, encompassing various impacts, sectors,
actions, and governance levels. It is closely linked to development processes, and involves a
range of activities, actions, decisions, and attitudes that reflect existing social norms and
processes
• Current thinking proposes that adaptation mainstreaming is probably the most efficient way of
tackling multidimensional adaptation needs (Dessai & der Sluijs, 2007, Hammill & Tanner, 2011).
Mainstreaming involves factoring climate risks into social, economic, and environmental
planning and facilitates climate-resilient development. However, the theory of adaptation is less
problematic than its implementation.
Dessai, S., & der Sluijs, J. v. (2007). Uncertainty and Climate Change Adaptation - a Scoping Study,.
Utrecht : Department of Science Technology and Society, Copernicus Institute, Utrecht University.
Hammill, A. and T. Tanner (2011), “Harmonising Climate Risk Management: Adaptation Screening and
Assessment Tools for Development Co-operation”, OECD Environment Working Papers, No. 36,
OECD Publishing. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5kg706918zvl-en.
Climate Adaptation
D.Davies 2012
Online Training Resource
15. Process Stage 4
Evaluating Adaptation: Barriers to Adaptation
Final key points
Finally it needs to be acknowledged that successful adaptation can not happen if:
•
the changes in climate are too great
•
the costs of adaptation are too high
•
both organisations/ institutions and the general public do not accept that impacts have been
averted
•
responses do more harm than good
Is is vital therefore that
•
mitigation is seen as necessary to avoid limits
•
there is a cultural and institutional awareness of ‘expensive fixes’
•
decisions are legitimate and based on the best information available
•
all potential adaptation decisions are screened for maladaptation
Climate Adaptation
C. Aall & D.Davies 2012
Online Training Resource