This document discusses values, ethics, and codes of conduct. It defines values as attitudes and beliefs about important things in life, and ethics as rules of personal behavior accepted by society. Values differ between individuals and can sometimes conflict with ethics. The document then provides examples of codes of conduct for various contexts like workplaces, schools, and for mariners, outlining rules around punctuality, substance use, duties, and behavior.
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
Explain the relationship between individual acts and character;
Identify and articulate each stage of moral development.
Traditionally, normative ethics (also known as moral theory) was the study of what makes actions right and wrong. These theories offered an overarching moral principle one could appeal to in resolving difficult moral decisions.
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
Explain the relationship between individual acts and character;
Identify and articulate each stage of moral development.
Traditionally, normative ethics (also known as moral theory) was the study of what makes actions right and wrong. These theories offered an overarching moral principle one could appeal to in resolving difficult moral decisions.
Presentation on Marine Insurance by law students from the Polytechnic University of the Philippines-College of Law, for Insurance Law under Commissioner Wilfredo Reyes.
Norm
Norm of Morality
• Types of norm:
Eternal Divine Law
Human Reason
Law as the object norm of morality
• General Notion of Law
o Law of Nature
o Natural Law
Moral Law
o Essential Elements for a Law to be Reasonable:
• Divisions of Law
o Eternal Law
The Natural Moral Law
Law of Conscience
i. Attributes of the Natural Law
ii. The Contents of Natural Law
Formal norms
Material norms
Human Positive Law
Law as the subject norm of morality
Conscience
• Conscience as an Act of Intellect
(Judgement of Reason)
• Conscience as a Practical Moral Judgement
• Conscience as the Proximate Norm of Morality
• Kinds of Conscience
i. Correct or True Conscience
ii. Erroneous of False conscience
Invincibly erroneous conscience
Vincibly erroneous conscience
Perplexed conscience
Pharisaical conscience
i. Certain Conscience
ii. Doubtful Conscience
iii. Scrupulous Conscience
iv. Lax Conscience
Explains the meaning of two interrelated but distinct concepts of ethics and morality,states its need for public servants and the ways a public servant should pursue his career by following ethical principles of behaviour
Presentation on Marine Insurance by law students from the Polytechnic University of the Philippines-College of Law, for Insurance Law under Commissioner Wilfredo Reyes.
Norm
Norm of Morality
• Types of norm:
Eternal Divine Law
Human Reason
Law as the object norm of morality
• General Notion of Law
o Law of Nature
o Natural Law
Moral Law
o Essential Elements for a Law to be Reasonable:
• Divisions of Law
o Eternal Law
The Natural Moral Law
Law of Conscience
i. Attributes of the Natural Law
ii. The Contents of Natural Law
Formal norms
Material norms
Human Positive Law
Law as the subject norm of morality
Conscience
• Conscience as an Act of Intellect
(Judgement of Reason)
• Conscience as a Practical Moral Judgement
• Conscience as the Proximate Norm of Morality
• Kinds of Conscience
i. Correct or True Conscience
ii. Erroneous of False conscience
Invincibly erroneous conscience
Vincibly erroneous conscience
Perplexed conscience
Pharisaical conscience
i. Certain Conscience
ii. Doubtful Conscience
iii. Scrupulous Conscience
iv. Lax Conscience
Explains the meaning of two interrelated but distinct concepts of ethics and morality,states its need for public servants and the ways a public servant should pursue his career by following ethical principles of behaviour
Ethical behaviour is the cornerstone of professional service. It truly starts where specific conduct can’t be fully articulated and where your main guiding light should be your sense of serving the common good
Business ethics can be defined as written and unwritten codes of principles and values that govern decisions and actions within a company.
In the business world, the organization’s culture sets standards for determining the difference between good and bad decision making and behavior.
Life is about choices. We deal with choices in our personal lives everyday. Most of us are guided by such questions as, “Is this the correct thing to do? Is this the right decision to make?” We are guided by our own sense of morality, i.e. the difference between right and wrong.
Ethics, ethical behaviour, and the culture of ethics starts with the leadership of an organization. Associates in an organization emulate the behaviour of the leaders of the organization. So, if the leaders behave unethically, then, it stands to reason that subordinates will, also.
Ethics are typically defined as the rules or standards governing the conduct of a person or the members of a profession.
Moral Values are something that makes reaching our higher self easier. Though many people are not really conscious of this fact and tend to ditch these values as they tread of their life paths.
Man cannot live in isolation. He lives in groups. So he is called as a ‘social animal’. In social science various activities related to human society are studied. Therefore, sociology is the science of society. Social control is the control of society over individual. Social control includes those laws by which an individual behaves in concurrence with the mores of the group. It is by the
social control that every particular group and individual member outcomes tensions and conflicts. Social control is the pattern of influence the society exerts on individuals and groups to maintain order and establish rules in the society. Social control helps in the maintenance of desired social values i.e.conformity, which makes modification of the existing behaviour difficult and slow. Social control may vary in degree.
1. Values and Ethics
• Values-values are attitudes and beliefs about
certain things in life which we think it is
important.
• Family time, money, fame, religion, education,
health, community service, independence,
honesty are all values.
• There are other values, of course, depending
on the individual.
2. Values
• If becoming famous is not important to you
then fame is not a personal value for you.
• Obviously, then, values differ with the person.
We don’t always agree with others about the
importance, or value, of some things in life.
Family life is extremely
• important to some people; there are others
who would rather be on their own and allow
for very little family time.
3. Ethics
• Ethics are the rules of personal behavior
accepted by the society.
• Ethics are generally “code of conduct”.
• Our personal values contribute to the strength
of our ethics with positive behaviors and
positive attitudes.
•
4. Values & Ethics conflicts
• Personal values and ethics can, at times, be in
conflict. For example: If a person’ s strongest
personal value is to be rich, this value’s
influence on his behavior and decision making
could be in conflict with society’s rules of
behavior.
• An individual wanting to be rich, may believe
it’s okay to cheat people or lie to get what he
wants.
5. Who is a Ethical person?
• An ethical person is a good citizen at home, at
school or work, and in the community.
• An ethical person is caring. He cares about
people, the environment, our planet and his
behavior supports society and our world.
• He cares about school, workplace,
neighborhood ,society and family.
6. Types of Ethics
• Personal ethics.
• Workplace ethics.
• School ethics.
• Social ethics.
• Computer ethics.
• But generally it is
common and same
everywhere
7. Ethics in schools & workplace
• Schools and colleges-sharing,helping others
team work,leading some one,not
copying,respecting teachers etc
• Work place-hacking,piracy,good code of
conduct,gender treatment etc..
8. Morale values
• Values, therefore, become part of complex
attitude sets that influence our behavior
and the behavior of all those with whom we
interact.
• What we value guides not only our personal
choices but also our perceptions of the worth
of others.
• Value is what makes something desirable or
undesirable" .
9. Why do we need moral values
• They could guide your life minute by minute
towards noble goals, rather than your life being
controlled by self-serving motives, customs,
accidental occurrences, bad habits, impulses, or
emotions.
• Values and morals can not only guide but in
spire and motivate you, giving you energy and a
zest for living and for doing something
meaningful.
• High values and some success meeting those
goals are necessary for high self-esteem.
11. Moral values -Determined
• (1) Socialization: becoming aware as a child of society's and
parents' rules of conduct for being good.
• (2) Moral judgment: learning to think reasonably about our own
ethics and deliberately
• deciding on our own moral standards.
• (3) Moral feelings: the internalization of our moral beliefs to the
degree that we feel shame
• and guilt when we fail to do what we "should.“
• (4) Empathy: the awareness of other people's situation, feelings,
and needs so that one is compelled to help those in need.
• (5) Confidence and knowledge: knowing the steps involved in
helping others and believing that one is responsible for and
capable of helping. s
12. Code of Conduct
• A code of conduct is a set of rules outlining
the social norms and rules and responsibilities
of, or proper practices for, an individual, party
or organization. Related concepts include
ethical, honor, moral codes and religious laws.
• A code is an open disclosure of the way an
organization operates. It provides visible
guidelines for behavior.
• Mostly written format serves the purpose
13. Code of conducts for Employees
• Absence from the workstation without
permission .
• Lending money to fellow employees for gain
during working hours .
• Minor violations relating to the driving and/or
cleaning and/or use of the Employer's
vehicles.
• Not wearing prescribed clothing/ uniform.
15. Code of Conduct for Mariners
• 1.Punctuality- Delay of any kind of operation can lead to
the delay of the whole ship, resulting in loss of both time
and money.
• 2.Drinking- Most of the ship owners have prohibited
seafarers from bringing and consuming liquor on board
ships.
• 3. Drugs- It is unlawful to consume, possess, or distribute
drugs on board ships. if found guilty, dismissed from the
job.
• 4.Weapons- Any kind of offensive weapons which can be
fatal are not allowed on board ships.
16. Code of Conduct for Mariners
• 5. Carrying out of duties-Every seafarer is
required to perform duties to the best of his
or her abilities.
• 6. Smoking-Most of the ship owners follow
No-Smoking policy onboard their ships,
especially on tankers and those carrying
dangerous, flammable cargo. No smoking
rules should be strictly followed on board
ships to prevent fire accidents.
17. Code of Conduct for mariners
• 7. Behavior towards Colleagues onboard-
Seafarers who are involved in actions such as
abusive language including racism, sexual
harassment, aggressive attitude, and offensive
personal habits can face suspension or
discontinuation of their job contracts.
• 8.Bringing unauthorized persons on board-
Seafarers are not allowed to bring any
unauthorized persons on board ships.
18. Code of Conduct for Mariners
• 9. Treatment of Ship’s property and
accommodation area -When seafarers are on
ships, the later are not only their place of
work but also their place of living.
• 10. Unlawful Activities – cargo theft,
compromising on board ship safety, ill-
treatment of employees on board ship etc