Estimating is important at different stages of procurement to control costs, allocate budgets, establish schedules, and help clients get competitive tenders. Pre-contract estimating predicts costs, time, and construction periods. Post-contract estimating is used for budget management, assessments, cost control, cash flow management, and assisting clients with changes. Measurement involves quantifying work, tendering is soliciting bids, and estimating predicts costs. Preliminaries are expenses like workers' accommodation, tools, scaffolding, temporary works, and insurance that are project running costs not included in materials, labor, or overheads.