This document discusses biodiversity in Portugal. It begins by defining biodiversity and the different types, including genetic, species, and ecological diversity. It then discusses consequences of biodiversity loss, like reduced oxygen and increased carbon dioxide. The document outlines ways to conserve biodiversity, like planting trees and reducing waste. It provides details on protected species and habitats in Portugal, noting threats from habitat loss, pollution, and invasive species. Finally, it summarizes Portugal's National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan, which includes 10 strategies focused on research, expanding protected areas networks, conservation of species and habitats, and international cooperation.

1. Biodiversity
Bruna Vieira
Gabriela Ribeiro
Inês Gomes
11ºB

2. Introduction
With this presentation we intend to do some research and explain what
biodiversity is, while mainly focusing on biodiversity in our country,
Portugal.
Complementing and for better understanding, we also intend to break
into pieces the main strategy and plan for our nation's biodiversity.

3. What is biodiversity?
The term biodiversity refers to the variety of life on Earth at all its
levels, from genes to ecosystems, and can encompass the evolutionary,
ecological, and cultural processes that sustain life.
Biodiversity includes not only species we consider rare,
threatened, or endangered but also every living thing—from humans to
organisms we know little about, such as microbes, fungi, and
invertebrates.

4. Different types of
biodiversity
The different types of biodiversity are:
➢ Genetic diversity - The Genetic Diversity is basically the variety of
species expressed at the genetic level by each individuals in a
specie.
➢ Species diversity - It is the biodiversity observed within a
community. It stands for the number and distribution of species.
➢ Ecological diversity - It defines the diversity observed among
the ecosystems in a particular region.

5. What are the consequences
of biodiversity loss?
➢ The loss of species;
➢ Our planet has a lot less oxygen;
➢ It has a lot more CO2 and consequently worsens greenhouse effects and global
warming.
Biodiversity plays a big role economically, socially, culturally, cientifically and many
more, because she's the one to provide medice, cosmetics and is mostly our food
resource (agriculture, fishing and hunting). With that said, without biodiversity we
wouldn't have life quality; we would be vulnerable, fragile and resourceless; we
would not have access to potable water, nor be able to prevent diseases.
We have a big responsability in hands, that is taking care and preserving it at all
costs.

6. How to stop this problem?
We destroy Nature way faster than it has the capacity to reset all those resources that were
taken away from it.
We need to recognise the habitats and create a balance, in a stable and sustainable way,
between the use of resources and their conservation.
It is also needed to reinforce some measures to protect biodiversity and fight deforestation.
All of us can help. Some ways to do it that are simple in theory but apparently hard for the
humanity are:
➢ Plant trees;
➢ Provide a good environment to many of the species, instead of destroying them;
➢ Reduce the residue;
➢ Try to consume only recicled or reused products;

7. Biodiversity in Portugal

8. Protected Species
Species protected in Portugal under EU law are protected under
the Habitats Directive and under the Birds Directive. The Habitats
Directive has a total of 2 500 species on its list, the Birds Directive has a
total of 500 species of wild birds protected.
➢ 443 species protected under EU law in Portugal
➢ 93 species are unique to Portugal
➢ 108 species under the Habitats Directive
➢ 62 species under the Birds Directive

9. Status and Trends of
Biodiversity
Portugal possesses a very diverse natural heritage thanks to its geographical location and
geophysical conditions. The Azores and Madeira Archipelagos are situated within the Macaronesian
region and thanks to their location, the climatic influences to which they are subject and a
substratum of volcanic origin, are home to habitats of quite unique nature and undeniable
importance.
On the mainland, the dune habitats, the rocky cliffs, the marshes in estuary and lagoon
systems are all very important as well. The importance of the estuaries can also be seen from the
numerous bird populations, which shelter there and use them as migratory stations, wintering areas
or breeding grounds. About 3,600 species of plants occur in Portugal.
Some of the main threats to the biological diversity of Portugal include:
• Alteration or destruction of habitats;
• Pollution;
• Overexploitation;
• Invasive alien species;
• Urbanization and fires.

10. National Biodiversity
Strategy Action Plan
Portugal’s NBSAP was based on the following guiding principles:
• An overall higher level of protection;
• The sustainable use of biological resources; prevention;
• Precaution;
• Recuperation;
• Responsibility;
• Integration;
• Participation;
• International cooperation
• Decentralization.

11. National Biodiversity
Strategy Action Plan
This plan lists 10 fundamental strategies that form the basis of their action plan, which include:
1. To promote scientific research and knowledge of local patrimony;
2. To enhance the National Protected Areas Network;
3. To promote the valorization of the protected areas, and ensure the conservation of all social, cultural and
natural components;
4. Ensure conservation and valorization of areas within the Natura 2000 Network;
5. Implement, across the entire national territory, actions specific to the conservation and management
of species and habitats of particular interest;
6. Integrate conservation and sustainable use principles into national and regional policies and laws;
7. Reinforce cooperation between all levels of administration;
8. Promote education and formation in conservation fields;
9. Ensure public education, awareness and sensitization;
10. Strengthen international cooperation.

12. COPYRIGHTS

13. Aquecimento global de 2°C é suficiente para a
proteção da Biodiversidade? (climainfo.org.br)
Earth day. earth with trees.
vector geometric trees and
grass silhouettes. | CanStock
(canstockphoto.com)
Florestas do Corredor Sul da
Amazônia | Painting, Art, Fish
pet (pinterest.com)
Por que se perde a Biodiversidade e
como resolver? - Iberdrola
Pollution - Why It Matters Educational
Resources K12 Learning, Earth Science,
People and Their Environment, Science
Lesson Plans, Activities, Experiments,
Homeschool Help (elephango.com)

14. Portugal está a perder biodiversidade
e oportunidades de desenvolvimento
| TVI24 (iol.pt)
Sabe quantos anos tem a árvore mais
antiga do país? (sapo.pt)
Conheça a mulher que governou (e
bem) a Madeira e os Açores
(noticiasaominuto.com)
¿Cómo está ayudando la
tecnología IoT al medio
ambiente? | Forbes España
Rapport de l'ONU : le taux d'extinction
des espèces animales et végétales ne
fait qu'augmenter (letribunaldunet.fr)
6 Acciones para cuidar de
las plantas en tu comunidad
(bunko.pet)

15. The end.
Thank you