This document discusses the flora and fauna of Cyprus. It notes that Cyprus has over 1950 species of flora, of which 153 are endemic. The fauna includes 32 mammal species, 126 reptile and amphibian species, 364 bird species, and thousands of insect species. Cyprus' geographic position at the intersection of three continents and long isolation have led to great biodiversity and many endemic species. Notable endemic fauna mentioned include dwarf elephants and hippos that once inhabited the island.

1. 1950 different species of flora of which
153 are endemic. The fauna of Cyprus
includes about
• 32 species of mammals,
• 126 species of amphibians and reptiles,
• 364 species of birds
• and a huge number of insects and
other invertebrates.
Flora and Fauna of
Cyprus

2. The geographical position of
Cyprus at the contribution
of three continents, its
island character, its long
isolation and its climatic
conditions, led to the
development of great
biological diversity and a
significant number of
endemic species. The flora
of Cyprus and especially the
endemic species of flora,
are an extremely important
biological and aesthetic
natural heritage

3. From the beginning of its creation, about 10 million
years ago, Cyprus has always been an island. The final
configuration of the shape of Cyprus was the result of
the interaction of the differential elevation of the island
and the fluctuation of the sea level during the glacial
periods in the Pleistocene. During these periods huge
amounts of water were trapped in the ice, resulting in
falling sea levels above 100 meters and the formation of
small islands east of the Cape of the Apostle Andrew.
CYPRUS

4. It is believed that these islands helped the first
mammals, such as elephants and hippos, to
colonize the island. The animals were later
mutated into dwarf elephants and hippos due to
isolation and limited food. Their final extinction
10,000 years ago is due to humans, as evidenced
by recent excavations in the settlement of
Aetokremmos in Akrotiri, where evidence was
found that hundreds of such mammals were killed
and dismembered for food. Also during the glacial
period the coasts extend to the sea a few
kilometers beyond the current coastline.
Our knowledge of fauna could be said to
be incomplete

5. Απολιθώματα νάνων
ιπποπόταμων στην Πάφο
Κακαρίστρα, Λατσιά,
κοχύλια
The dwarf hippos of Cyprus are
considered to be the last hippos in
Europe and became extinct about
10,000 years ago, while the dwarf
elephants of Cyprus (Elephas
cypriotes) had disappeared before
the hippos.
Fossils of dwarf hippos
and elephants have been
found in more than forty
(40) locations and,
mainly, in caves at the
foot of Pentadaktylos, as
well as in the area
of ​​Xylofagos and Ayia
Napa

7. Bats are an important
element of our fauna.
About 16 different
species live in our
country, some of which
live permanently here,
while others migrate.
Νυχτερίδα που
τρώει μόσφιλο
Νυχτοπάπαρος
ενδημικό
The Cypriot mouse was recognized as
an endemic species in 2004. It lives in
the Troodos vineyards.
Σκαντζόχοιρος

9. Petra tou Romiou
Acrotiri sault lake
Cape Greco
National Forest
Park (sea caves),
we will find
around 300
species of plants
(11 endemic) and
many species of
fauna of our
place
280 species of birds (millions in number)
pass through the salt flat twice a year
during their migration.

10. Acrotiri sault lake Larnaca sault lake
Akamas

11. Φαλκόνι της Ελεονώρας
(Falco eleonorae)
Αυτοκρατορικός αετός
(Aquila heliaca)

12. To date, about 364 bird species belonging to 61 families have
been recorded in Cyprus. Of these, 48 are permanent residents
and the remaining 316 are migrants. The total number of birds
giving birth in Cyprus is 114 and includes birds that have given
birth at least once. According to Vaurie and Bannerman in our
place there are 7 endemic birds. One species and six varieties:
1. Τρυποπάσιης - Sylvia melanothorax
2. Σκαλιφούρτα - Oenanthe pleschanka cypriaca
3. Θουπί - Otus scops cyprius
4. Δωδεκάτης - Parus ater cypriotes
5. Kissa - Garrulus glandarius glanzeri
6. Stavromytis - Loxia curvirostra guillemardi
7. Certificate brachydactyla dorothea.

13. Αετομάχος
Κόρθιος ο
βραχυδάκτυλος
Σκαλιφούρτα - Oenanthe
pleschanka cypriaca
Γύπας
Αιγίθαλος ο μέλας - Γιανιτσαρούιν

14. Θουπί - Otus scops
cyprius
In Cyprus there are
about 3500 species
of insects. Prominent
among them are the
butterflies, which
have been studied in
depth. 52 species of
butterflies have been
identified, of which 9
are endemic.
Αρκόθουπος

15. Χελώνα Μύδας
Ξ Νάτριξ – Κυπριακό νερόφιδο

16. Κάβουρας γλυκού νερού
Κυπριακό φίδι
Μαύρο φίδι

17. Κοιλάδα των Κέδρων

18. Ophrys kotschyi
-Μελισσάκι
Quercus alnifolia
- Δρυς η
κληθρόφυλλη -
Λατζιά
Τουλίπα η
κυπρία -
Τουλίπα

19. Αστράγαλος ο
μακρόκαρπος
Κενταύρεια η
ακαμαντίς
Κρόκος κυπριακός
Πιγκουικούλα η
Κρυστάλλινη
Σαρκοβόρο –
τρέφεται με έντομα
Cyclamen
cyprium
Κυκλάμινο το
κύπριο