The document discusses a research project aimed at developing environmental sustainability indicators for urban rivers across the EU. It outlines the research team, aims, objectives, and approach. A hierarchical system is presented for classifying urban river data at different spatial scales. Primary, secondary and tertiary indicators are developed to assess materials, physical habitat, and vegetation characteristics. The indicators are used to classify urban river stretches and develop a scoring system to evaluate sustainability and guide management recommendations.
Preliminary Technical Evaluation of Three Reports by U.S. Environmental Prote...LPE Learning Center
http://www.extension.org/72802 The Yakima Valley is a large agricultural area where there are multiple potential sources of nitrate in groundwater. Potential sources are intermingled, i.e., homes with septic systems are on the same properties as the dairies or adjacent to farms and/or dairies. In 2012, Region 10 of the US Environmental Protection Agency undertook a study to source track and identify nitrogen sources in the Yakima River Basin as part of an enforcement effort focusing on dairies. EPA position was that the targeted dairies did not properly apply nutrients to land application fields at agronomic rates, resulting in groundwater contamination. The study area is underlain by 3 aquifers, a shallow perched aquifer likely related to irrigation return flows, an alluvial aquifer and an underlying basalt aquifer. The three aquifers are hydrologically connected either through natural pathways or through wells completed into more than one aquifer. Because none of the potential sources are isolated, source tracking requires an in-depth knowledge of aquifer properties such as aquifer thickness, groundwater flow direction, hydraulic conductivity, and vertical leakance in addition to understanding localized effects of ditches, drains and production wells on groundwater flow. EPA focused on groundwater chemistry, assuming that indicators such as pesticides and other trace organic compounds would tie the groundwater nitrate to a specific source. EPA’s study failed to yield clear indicators pointing to specific sources and did not collect hydrologic data for its 2012 report to gain a detailed understanding of aquifer properties. This presentation will address how to accurately characterize the hydrogeology below dairy production areas and land application fields, and how to proactively manage nutrients to protect dairies from unsubstantiated enforcement actions.
Great Lakes coastal wetlands exist in severely altered watersheds and landscapes that can result in degraded wetland conditions (e.g., monotypic vegetation, invasive species), and management actions required to maintain biologically diverse wetlands can be ecologically limiting (e.g., diked wetlands with minimal hydrologic exchange). We report on three GLRI-funded projects designed to improve coastal wetland ecosystems by restoring hydrologic connectivity, increasing fish passage, and enhancing wetland ecosystem functions and services. Biological monitoring is an integral component of each project and includes traditional and innovative research efforts focused on results with broad application across the Great Lakes basin.
Cost (& Time) Optimization of Hydrogeological StudiesGidahatari Agua
Cost optimization has to identify the most common problems to the hydrogeological investigation as travel time and transport issues, seasonal restrictions, personal availability, protocols, etc. This post is focused on strategies and best practices for cost (& time) optimization, specially for hydrogeological investigation on mining projects.
Preliminary Technical Evaluation of Three Reports by U.S. Environmental Prote...LPE Learning Center
http://www.extension.org/72802 The Yakima Valley is a large agricultural area where there are multiple potential sources of nitrate in groundwater. Potential sources are intermingled, i.e., homes with septic systems are on the same properties as the dairies or adjacent to farms and/or dairies. In 2012, Region 10 of the US Environmental Protection Agency undertook a study to source track and identify nitrogen sources in the Yakima River Basin as part of an enforcement effort focusing on dairies. EPA position was that the targeted dairies did not properly apply nutrients to land application fields at agronomic rates, resulting in groundwater contamination. The study area is underlain by 3 aquifers, a shallow perched aquifer likely related to irrigation return flows, an alluvial aquifer and an underlying basalt aquifer. The three aquifers are hydrologically connected either through natural pathways or through wells completed into more than one aquifer. Because none of the potential sources are isolated, source tracking requires an in-depth knowledge of aquifer properties such as aquifer thickness, groundwater flow direction, hydraulic conductivity, and vertical leakance in addition to understanding localized effects of ditches, drains and production wells on groundwater flow. EPA focused on groundwater chemistry, assuming that indicators such as pesticides and other trace organic compounds would tie the groundwater nitrate to a specific source. EPA’s study failed to yield clear indicators pointing to specific sources and did not collect hydrologic data for its 2012 report to gain a detailed understanding of aquifer properties. This presentation will address how to accurately characterize the hydrogeology below dairy production areas and land application fields, and how to proactively manage nutrients to protect dairies from unsubstantiated enforcement actions.
Great Lakes coastal wetlands exist in severely altered watersheds and landscapes that can result in degraded wetland conditions (e.g., monotypic vegetation, invasive species), and management actions required to maintain biologically diverse wetlands can be ecologically limiting (e.g., diked wetlands with minimal hydrologic exchange). We report on three GLRI-funded projects designed to improve coastal wetland ecosystems by restoring hydrologic connectivity, increasing fish passage, and enhancing wetland ecosystem functions and services. Biological monitoring is an integral component of each project and includes traditional and innovative research efforts focused on results with broad application across the Great Lakes basin.
Cost (& Time) Optimization of Hydrogeological StudiesGidahatari Agua
Cost optimization has to identify the most common problems to the hydrogeological investigation as travel time and transport issues, seasonal restrictions, personal availability, protocols, etc. This post is focused on strategies and best practices for cost (& time) optimization, specially for hydrogeological investigation on mining projects.
This work has sought to answer how global environmental change affects the concentration of nutrients in Mediterranean rivers. By means of a modeling effort using data collected by water agencies, this work has contributed to the knowledge of the relevant factors that drive nutrient dynamics in Mediterranean rivers, and how these change in time and space. Furthermore, it has clearly shown the potential modeling and time-series analysis offer to river scientists and managers.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Colin Bull – BES, University of Stirling
Talk provided for the annual Scottish Fisheries Co-ordination Centre Meeting. Held at the Scottish Centre for Ecology and the Natural Environment, Loch Lomond. 4th-5th Feb 2015
A presentation on the groundwater models (both Tetra Tech and EL Montgomery) associated with the Rosemont Copper Project Operations. This presentation was given by Engineering Analytics to the Forest Service, Bureau of Land Management, Fish and Wildlife Service, Arizona Game and Fish and their contractors during a meeting in March 2012.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
This work has sought to answer how global environmental change affects the concentration of nutrients in Mediterranean rivers. By means of a modeling effort using data collected by water agencies, this work has contributed to the knowledge of the relevant factors that drive nutrient dynamics in Mediterranean rivers, and how these change in time and space. Furthermore, it has clearly shown the potential modeling and time-series analysis offer to river scientists and managers.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Colin Bull – BES, University of Stirling
Talk provided for the annual Scottish Fisheries Co-ordination Centre Meeting. Held at the Scottish Centre for Ecology and the Natural Environment, Loch Lomond. 4th-5th Feb 2015
A presentation on the groundwater models (both Tetra Tech and EL Montgomery) associated with the Rosemont Copper Project Operations. This presentation was given by Engineering Analytics to the Forest Service, Bureau of Land Management, Fish and Wildlife Service, Arizona Game and Fish and their contractors during a meeting in March 2012.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
Half day open training event held in London. Today's topic was corporate social responsibility and corporate responsibility, with delegates from the private sector, public sector and not for profits.
SWaRMA_IRBM_Module2_#4, Water ecosystem interaction, Susan CuddyICIMOD
This presentation is the part of 12-day (28 January–8 February 2019) training workshop on “Multi-scale Integrated River Basin Management (IRBM) from the Hindu Kush Himalayan Perspective” organized by the Strengthening Water Resources Management in Afghanistan (SWaRMA) Initiative of the International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), and targeted at participants from Afghanistan.
Geospatial Condition Analysis: A new tool to assess the condition of northeast terrestrial and aquatic habitats
Mark Anderson, Melissa Clark, Charles Ferree, Alexandra Jospe, and Arlene Olivero Sheldon
The Nature Conservancy
We created a GIS tool to assess the condition of 116 terrestrial and aquatic habitats in the Northeast at state and regional scales. The tool is based on the newly released Northeast Terrestrial Habitat Map and the Northeast Aquatic Habitat Classification and their accompanying datasets. It allows each habitat to be evaluated across its entire range in the region or within a single state for condition factors such as predicted loss to development, securement from development, forest stand age, habitat patch size, amount of core area and others. For aquatic systems, users can summarize the number of dams, length of connected network, impervious surfaces in the watershed and other factors. The talk will illustrate how the tool works and summarize some of the findings for the fourteen ecological condition metrics, and comparative results of the metric as applied to the terrestrial and aquatic habitats across the region.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
Presented by Charlotte MacAlister, Birhanu Zemadim, Teklu Erkossa, Amare Haileslassie, Dan Fuka, Tammo Steenhuis, Solomon Seyoum, Holger Hoff, Kinde Getnet, and Nancy Johnson to the Nile Basin Development ChallengeScience and Reflection Workshop, Addis Ababa, 4-6 May 2011
Ecohydraulics. Environmental Flow Assessment and river restoration. Habitat suitability models for fish and aquatic invertebrates. Studies of habitat-biota relationships at microhabitat, mesohabitat and macrohabitat (distribution) scale.
Application and adaptation of the physical habitat simulation and habitat analyses in rivers and wetlands of different regions of the globe.
Ecological modelling. Statistical techniques and machine learning are used to develop habitat suitability models for native, non-native and invasive fish species, as well as for macroinvertebrate's taxa.
Modelling relations between Flow regime and Riparian vegetation.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
2. RESEARCH TEAM Principle Investigators: Dr Angela Davenport – Kings College London Prof. Angela Gurnell – Kings College London Collaborating Scientists: Prof. Geoff Petts – University of Birmingham Dr Patrick Armitage – CEH Dorset Field Support: May Lee – Kings College London
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5. DRAINAGE BASIN SECTOR Unbranched tributary or network section between tributary junctions STRETCH 500m length of a single engineering type HABITAT Physical habitat feature (riffle, bar) PATCH Patch of vegetation or sediment A HIERARCHY OF SPATIAL SCALES AT WHICH URBAN RIVER DATA MAY BE COLLECTED Catchment Characteristics River corridor land use Water quality data River flow data Channel morphology Geomorphic features Reinforcement materials Flow types Vegetation Sediments Hydraulic data Biological data Sediments Hydraulic data Biological data
6. RESEARCH APPROACH PHASE 4 Scenario Modelling PHASE 1 Collection of information Transfer of data to database PHASE 2 Development of sustainable indicators. PHASE 3 Validation May/June 2004
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8. SOME MATERIALS INDICES = (-8*BO -7*CO -3.5*GP -1.5*SA + 1.5*SI + 9*CL) (BO + CO + GP + SA + SI + CL) SEDCAL Bed Sediment Calibre Index = (0*NONE) + (1*BIO) + (2*OMP) + (3*SOL) x 3 (NONE+BIO+OPM+SOL) BANKPROT Level and durability of bank protection The proportion of the banks occupied by solid bank protection (range 1-10) Proportion Solid Bank Protection The proportion of the banks occupied by open matrix bank protection (range 1-10) Proportion Open Matrix Bank Protection The proportion of the banks occupied by biodegradable bank protection (range 1-10) Proportion Biodegradable Bank Protection Proportion of banks free of bank protection (range 1-10) Proportion No Bank Protection = 10 x No. spot-checks with immobile materials No. spot-checks Proportion Immobile Bank Materials = (-8*BO -7*CO -1.5*GS +1.5*EA + 9*CL) (BO + CO + GS + EA + CL) BANKCAL Bank Material Calibre Index = 10 x No. spot-checks with immobile materials No. spot-checks Proportion Immobile Substrate Index Description Index Name
9. SOME PHYSICAL HABITAT INDICES A count of in-channel habitats types, including both physical habitat features and flow type habitats. Number of Habitat Types The proportion of the banks (range 1-10) occupied by artificial bank profiles. Proportion Artificial Bank Profiles The number of different types of artificial bank profile. Number Artificial Bank Profiles The proportion of the banks occupied by natural bank profiles (proportion in the range 1-10). Proportion Natural Bank Profiles The number of different types of natural bank profile ascertained from cumulative measurements. Number Natural Bank Profiles the flow type which is recorded the most times in the spot checks scored according to the level of hydraulic disturbance indicated (range 1-10). Dominant Flow Type the number of different flow types recorded Number of Flow Types Index name and description Index Name
10. SOME VEGETATION INDICES Accumulated measures of water odours, sediment odours, oils, surface scum and gross pollution. Total Pollution Score The percentage cover for all macrophyte types summed and then divided by 10. Average Channel Vegetation Cover The dominant type is the macrophyte with the largest total percentage cover recorded in the range 0-10 according to its gross flow resistance. Dominant Channel Vegetation Type A count of the number of macrophyte types in the stretch. Number Channel Vegetation Types Tree features scored 0,1 and 2 according to APE and summed. Total Tree Feature Score Tree cover is scored for each bank (range 0-5) and the scores are added Total Tree Score = 3(0*B + 1*U + 2*S + 3*C) / (B + U + S + C) BANKVEG Bank Vegetation Structure Index Index description Index Name
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12. SEVEN CLASSES OF URBAN RIVER STRETCH DEFINED BY THEIR MATERIALS CHARACTERISTICS
13. Heavily engineered, straight planforms and high levels of reinforcement on the banks and the bed. High proportions (ca. 100%) of solid bank protection (concrete, laid stone etc.) and immobile substrate. HEAVILY ENGINEERED: HE Artificial (mixed sinuosity) planforms and cross-sections with extensive reinforcement High proportions (50-90%) of solid bank protection (concrete, laid stone etc.) but low proportions of immobile substrate (i.e. bed reinforcement). MODERATELY ENGINEERED: ME Artificial (mainly straight) planforms and cross-sections with extensive reinforcement High (ca. 90-100%) proportions of open matrix bank protection and moderate proportions (ca. 20-50%) of solid bank protection. Low proportions of immobile substrate. ENGINEERED: EN Artificial (usually sinuous) planforms, and cross-sections with significant reinforcement Coarser bed and bank materials (SEDCAL, BANKCAL). Moderate proportions (ca. 30-85%) of open matrix protection (gabions, rip rap etc). LIGHTLY ENGINEERED: LE Natural sinuous planforms and cross-sections with limited reinforcement Low proportions of bank protection. Finer (typically clay) substrates (SEDCAL) and bank materials (BANKCAL). SEMI-NATURAL (FINE): SNF Artificial (mainly straight) planforms, and cross-sections but with limited reinforcement Low proportions of bank protection, with mixed substrates typically corresponding to silt/sand with some gravels (SEDCAL). SEMI-NATURAL (MIXED): SNM More natural planforms and cross sections (developed through natural processes, recovery or restoration), typically with some sinuosity. Low proportions of bank protection. Coarser substrates (SEDCAL) and bank materials (average BANKCAL). SEMI-NATURAL (COARSE): SNC Description of Broad Engineering Characteristics Description of Discriminating Primary (Materials) Indicators Group Name: Abbreviation
14. SIX CLASSES OF URBAN RIVER STRETCH DEFINED BY THEIR PHYSICAL HABITAT CHARACTERISTICS
15. Predominantly artificial straight planforms No evidence of active channel recovery through bank erosion. Flow almost entirely glides. Typically contain 0 bars. High Props of Art Bank Profiles (ca. 100%). Very Low Props of Nat Bank Profiles (ca. 0%). 1-2 Habitat Types. UNIFORM STABLE: US Predominantly artificial straight planforms Little evidence of channel recovery through bank erosion. Channel dominated by glides. Typically contain 1-2 vegetated/unvegetated bars. High Props of Art Bank Profiles (ca. 100%) and low Props of Nat Bank Profiles (ca. 0-30 %). 3-4 Habitat Types. UNIFORM MODERATELY ACTIVE: UM Predominantly artificial planforms most with some sinuosity. Some evidence of active channel recovery through bank erosion. Some evidence of mixed flow regime with no pool formation. Typically contain 2-6 vegetated/unvegetated bars High Props of Art Bank Profiles (ca. 100%), and moderate to high Props of Nat Bank Profiles (ca. 0-50%). 5-9 habitat types. UNIFORM ACTIVE: UA Predominantly artificial sinuous planforms. High levels of bank recovery from engineering. Some evidence of mixed flow regime with pool formation. Typ contain 1-4 vegetated/ unvegetated bars. Moderate Props of Art Bank Profiles (40-100%) and high Props of Nat Bank Profiles (50-100%). < 7 habitat types. RECOVERING: RC Predominantly natural sinuous planforms. Flow dominated by glides with no evidence of pool formation. Typically contain 0-4 vegetated/unvegetated bars. Very low Props of Art Bank Profiles and very high Props of Nat Bank Profiles. <7 Habitat Types. SEMI-NATURAL (STABLE): SNS Predominantly natural sinuous planforms. Mixed flow regime, some evidence of pool formation. Typically contain 7-8 vegetated/ unvegetated bars. Very low Props Art Bank Profiles and very high Props of Nat Bank Profiles. > 7 Habitat Types. SEMI-NATURAL (ACTIVE): SNA Description of Broad Engineering Characteristics Typical Physical Habitat Characteristics Description of Discriminating Primary (Physical) Indicators Group Name: Abbreviation
16. EIGHT CLASSES OF URBAN RIVER STRETCH DEFINED BY THEIR VEGETATION CHARACTERISTICS
17. Mainly artificial planforms with some sinuosity. Unvegetated stretches with high Total Tree Scores combined with high bank top vegetation complexity. Unvegetated High Complexity: UHC Mainly artificial planforms usually straight but some display sinuosity. Unvegetated stretches with higher Total Tree Scores, combined with low average bank top and high average bank face complexity. Unvegetated Mod Complexity: UMC Mainly artificial planforms usually straight but some display sinuosity. An aggregate group comprised of unvegetated channels with either relatively low levels of Total Tree Scores or with a higher tree cover combined with low bank face and top complexity. Unvegetated Low Complexity: ULC Mainly artificial straight planforms. Channels dominated by algae Algal Channels: ALG Artificial planforms usually straight but some display sinuosity. Vegetated channels with high Total Tree Scores equivalent to semi-continuous – continuous tree cover. Vegetated High Trees: VHT Mainly artificial straight planforms with some natural planforms. Vegetated channels with low Total Tree Scores and low bank face BANKVEG and top BANKVEG indices. Vegetated Low Complexity: VLC Mainly artificial straight channels. Vegetated channels with low Total Tree Scores and a higher bank face than bank top complexity Vegetated Mod Complexity: VMC2 Mainly sinuous channels, either natural or artificial. Vegetated channels with low Total Tree Scores representing isolated scattered to occasional clumps, and a higher mean bank top than bank face vegetation complexity Vegetated Mod Complexity: VMC1 Description of Broad Engineering Characteristics Description of Discriminating Primary (Vegetation) Indicators Group Name: Abbreviation
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19. Index Immobile Substrate Index Bank Protection (Inverse of Index No Bank Protection) BANKCAL SEDCAL Dominant Protection Type (Proportion OMP, Proportion SOL) MATERIALS CLASS < 8 ≥ 8 ≤ 1 > 1 ≤ 7 > 7 ≥ 9 ≥ -1.5 <-1.5 OPEN MATRIX SOLID SNF SNC SNM LE EN ME HE ≥ 2.5 < 2.5
20. Index Artificial Bank Profiles Index Natural Bank Profiles Number of Habitat Types PHYSICAL CLASS ≤ 5 > 5 ≥ 9 < 9 >5 ≤ 5 ≤ 7 >7 1 – 2 3 - 4 5+ SNS SNA RC US UM UA
21. Dominant Vegetation Type Total Tree Score Average BANKVEG (Face) Average BANKVEG (TOP) VEGETATION CLASS OTHER ALGAE NONE ≤ 6 >6 ≤ 6 >6 >5 ≤ 5 ≤ 6.5 >6.5 ≤ 4 > 4 <6 ≥ 6 UHC ULC UMC ALG VHT ≤ 4 VLC VMC2 VMC1
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23. 7 ALG (algal) 6 ULC (unvegetated low complexity) 5 HE (Heavily engineered) 5 VLC (Vegetated low complexity) 6 US (uniform stable) 4 ME (moderately engineered) 4 UMC (unvegetated moderate complexity) 5 UM (uniform moderately active) 4 EN (engineered) 3 UHC (unvegetated high complexity) 4 UA (uniform active) 2 LE (lightly engineered) 2 VHT (vegetated high trees) 3 SNS (semi-natural stable) 2 SNM (semi-natural mixed) 1 VMC2 (vegetated moderate complexity) 2 RC (recovering) 1 SNC (semi-natural coarse) 1 VMC1 (vegetated moderate complexity) 1 SNA (semi-natural active) 1 SNF (semi-natural fine) Score Class Score Class Score Class VEGETATION PHYSICAL HABITAT MATERIALS
24. SCORES & MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS FOR URBAN RIVER STRETCHES Stretches with varying levels of engineering, but displaying some level of either recovery or activity, with little vegetation complexity or too much tree cover. The recommendation is, where possible, to reduce the levels of immobile substrates and bank materials and increase sinuosity. Tree cover and bank top and face vegetation should be managed to provide increased variety and complexity. These channels show moderate to high levels of activity and should be targeted for rehabilitation where opportunities arise. M: SNC/SNM/LE/ME P: RC/UA/US/SNS V: ULC/UHC/VMC2 9-11 Average Semi-natural, recovering and a few uniform channels displaying some activity, with good vegetation complexity and tree cover. The recommendation is to remove any remaining reinforcement to allow the channel to recover more freely. These stretches should also be protected from further development. M: SNC/LE P: RC/SNS/UA/UM V: VMC1 & 2/ UHC/VHT 6-8 Good Predominantly semi-natural and recovering stretches, with good vegetation and tree cover. The recommendation is to leave these stretches free of management and to protect them from development. M: SNC/SNF P: SNA/RC/SNS V: VMC1 & 2/ UHC/VHT 3-5 Very Good MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS ASSOCIATED CLASSES (M=Materials; P=Physical; V=Vegetation) SCORE GRADE
25. SCORES & MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS cont.. Heavily engineered, algal-dominated, stable channels with little vegetation complexity. Significant improvements to water quality should be initiated, followed by a detailed assessment of rehabilitation needs. Aesthetic rehabilitation may be the best option in the short term. Wherever possible this should be followed by some reduction in the level of reinforcement and an increase in channel sinuosity. M: HE P: US V: ULC/ALG 17-18 Very Poor Moderate to heavily engineered channels with low to moderate levels of activity, low complexity of bank vegetation, few trees and often algal dominated channels. The recommendation is to assess the water quality for improvement of in-channel vegetation diversity, and undertake a detailed assessment of the level of rehabilitation required to improve the physical condition of the channel. Where possible, a reduction of reinforcement level and/or type and an increase in sinuosity of the channel is desirable. Tree planting should be introduced to improve riparian complexity. M: HE/ME/EN P: UM/US/UA V: ULC/UMC/ VLC/ALG 14-16 Poor Stretches with varying levels of modification showing high levels of activity, combined with low bank vegetation complexity or algal dominated channels with few trees. These channels show moderate to high levels of activity and should be targeted for rehabilitation where opportunities arise. The recommendation is to reduce or alter the level and/or type of reinforcement and increase channel sinuosity where possible. Increased tree cover through planting, and management of the bank face and top vegetation to improve complexity should be undertaken. Algal dominated channels should also be assessed for improvements to water quality. M: SNC/LE/HE P: UA/UM V: ULC/UMC/ ALG 12-13 Below Average MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS ASSOCIATED CLASSES (M=Materials; P=Physical; V=Vegetation) SCORE GRADE