Water management is the control and movement of water resources to minimize damage to life and property and to maximize efficient beneficial use. Good water management of dams and levees reduces the risk of harm due to flooding. Irrigation water management systems make the most efficient use of limited water supplies for agriculture. Drainage management involves water budgeting and analysis of surface and sub-surface drainage systems. Sometimes water management involves changing practices, such as groundwater withdrawal rates, or allocation of water to different purposes.

1. Environment Management
 Rain water harvesting
 Watershed management
 Effluent treatment
 Recycling plants
 Control and treatment of water
- Anish Gawande
- Dr. Manisha Kayande

2. Water management
• Water management is the control and movement of water resources to minimize damage to life and
property and to maximize efficient beneficial use. Good water management of dams and levees
reduces the risk of harm due to flooding. Irrigation water management systems make the most
efficient use of limited water supplies for agriculture.
• Drainage management involves water budgeting and analysis of surface and sub-surface drainage
systems. Sometimes water management involves changing practices, such as groundwater
withdrawal rates, or allocation of water to different purposes.

3. Rain water harvesting
 Rainwater harvesting is the accumulation and storage of rainwater for reuse on-site, rather than
allowing it to run off. Rainwater can be collected from rivers or roofs, and in many places, the water
collected is redirected to a deep pit (well, shaft, or borehole), a reservoir with percolation, or
collected from dew or fog with nets or other tools. Its uses include water for gardens, livestock,
irrigation, domestic use with proper treatment, indoor heating for houses, etc. The harvested water
can also be used as drinking water, longer-term storage, and for other purposes such as groundwater
recharge.
 Rainwater harvesting is one of the simplest and oldest methods of self-supply of water for
households usually financed by the user.

4. Advantages of Rain water harvesting
Rainwater harvesting provides
an independent water supply
during regional water
restrictions, and in developed
countries, is often used to
supplement the main supply.
It provides water when a
drought occurs, can help
mitigate flooding of low-lying
areas, and reduces demand
on wells which may enable
groundwater levels to be
sustained. It also helps in the availability
of potable water, as rainwater
is substantially free of salinity
and other salts.

5. System setup for Rain water harvesting
 Rainwater harvesting systems can range in complexity, from systems that can be installed with
minimal skills, to automated systems that require advanced setup and installation. The basic
rainwater harvesting system is more of a plumbing job than a technical job, as all the outlets from
the building terrace are connected through a pipe to an underground tank that stores water.
 Systems are ideally sized to meet the water demand throughout the dry season, since it must be big
enough to support daily water consumption. Specifically, the rainfall capturing area such as a
building roof must be large enough to maintain adequate flow of water. The water storage tank size
should be large enough to contain the captured water.
 For low-tech systems, many low-tech methods are used to capture rainwater: rooftop systems,
surface water capture, and pumping the rainwater that has already soaked into the ground or
captured in reservoirs and storing it in tanks.
 Before a rainwater harvesting system is built, use of digital tools is useful. For instance, to detect if a
region has a high rainwater harvesting potential, rainwater-harvesting GIS maps can be made using
an online interactive tool. Or, to estimate how much water is needed to fulfill a community's water
needs, the Rain is Gain tool helps. Tools like these can save time and money before a commitment to
build a system is undertaken, in addition to making the project sustainable and last a long time.

6. Watershed management
Watershed management is a term used to describe the process of implementing land use practices and
water management practices to protect and improve the quality of the water and other natural
resources within a watershed by managing the use of those land and water resources in a
comprehensive manner.

7. Watershed management
o Watershed management is the study of the relevant characteristics of a watershed aimed at the
sustainable distribution of its resources and the process of creating and implementing plans,
programs, and projects to sustain and enhance watershed functions that affect the plant, animal,
and human communities within the watershed boundary.
o Features of a watershed that agencies seek to manage include water supply, water quality, drainage,
storm water runoff, water rights, and the overall planning and utilization of watersheds. Landowners,
land use agencies, storm water management experts, environmental specialists, water use surveyors
and communities all play an integral part in watershed management.

8. Effluent treatment
Effluent treatment is the process of removing contaminants from wastewater, primarily from household
sewage. Physical, chemical, and biological processes are used to remove contaminants and produce
treated wastewater (or treated effluent) that is safer for the environment. A by-product of sewage
treatment is usually a semi-solid waste or slurry, called sewage sludge. The sludge has to undergo
further treatment before being suitable for disposal or application to land.
Water treatment plant, Thane. Sewage treatment plant, Agra

9. Effluent treatment
Sewage treatment may also be referred to as wastewater treatment. However, the latter is a broader
term which can also refer to industrial wastewater. For most cities, the sewer system will also carry a
proportion of industrial effluent to the sewage treatment plant which has usually received pre-
treatment at the factories themselves to reduce the pollutant load. If the sewer system is a combined
sewer then it will also carry urban runoff (stormwater) to the sewage treatment plant. Sewage water can
travel towards treatment plants via piping and in a flow aided by gravity and pumps. The first part of
filtration of sewage typically includes a bar screen to filter solids and large objects which are then
collected in dumpsters and disposed of in landfills. Fat and grease is also removed before the primary
treatment of sewage.

10. Effluent treatment
Sewage collection and treatment is typically subject to local, state and federal regulations and standards.
Treating wastewater has the aim to produce an effluent that will do as little harm as possible when
discharged to the surrounding environment, thereby preventing pollution compared to releasing
untreated wastewater into the environment.
Sewage treatment generally involves three stages, called primary, secondary and tertiary treatment.
Tertiary treatment
Secondary
treatment
Primary
treatment

11. Recycling plants
 Water scarcity, increasing costs of water & it's treatment, stringent environmental norms for
discharge have made recycle and reuse of waste water a necessity.
 Waste water after treatment through physical, chemical & biological processes can be further
treated by tertiary treatment processes. The downstream treatment processes to effluent treatment
system further decrease Suspended impurities, BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand), COD (Chemical
Oxygen Demand), TOC(Total Organic Carbon) and Dissolved impurities beyond the regulatory
discharge norms and make water suitable for various applications. The treated water can be recycled
and reused for washing, cooling, horticulture process and numerous other applications.

12. Recycling plants
Clarification
systems
Membrane
filtration(Micro
Filtration, Ultra
Filtration, Nano-
filtration &
Reverse Osmosis)
Chemical storage,
handling & dosing
systems
Ozonation
systems
Evaporators &
Crystallisers
Media Filtration
(Sand, Carbon,
Walnut shell, Dual
media, Multi Media,
Advance Media,
etc.)
Ion Exchange
treatment
Chlorination
systems (Dosing
systems for
hypochloride,
Chlorine Di-oxide,
Gas,
electrochlorination)
UV Systems
Sludge handling,
treatment &
management
systems (Thickeners,
Centrifuge, Fliter
press)

13. Recycling plants

14. Control and treatment of water
Water treatment is any process
that improves the quality of water
to make it more acceptable for a
specific end-use. The end use may
be drinking, industrial water
supply, irrigation, river flow
maintenance, water recreation or
many other uses, including being
safely returned to the
environment. Water treatment
removes contaminants and
undesirable components, or
reduces their concentration so
that the water becomes fit for its
desired end-use.

15. Control and treatment of water
 Treatment for drinking water production
 Treatment for drinking water production involves the removal of contaminants from raw water to
produce water that is pure enough for human consumption without any short term or long term risk
of any adverse health effect. Substances that are removed during the process of drinking water
treatment include suspended solids, bacteria, algae, viruses, fungi, and minerals such as iron and
manganese.
 The processes involved in removing the contaminants include physical processes such as settling and
filtration, chemical processes such as disinfection and coagulation and biological processes such as
slow sand filtration.
 Measures taken to ensure water quality not only relate to the treatment of the water, but to its
conveyance and distribution after treatment. It is therefore common practice to keep residual
disinfectants in the treated water to kill bacteriological contamination during distribution.
 World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines are a general set of standards intended to apply where
better local standards are not implemented. More rigorous standards apply across Europe, the USA
and in most other developed countries. followed throughout the world for drinking water quality
requirements.

16. Control and treatment of water
Polluted water treatment
Wastewater treatment is the process that removes the majority of the contaminants from wastewater or
sewage and produces both a liquid effluent suitable for disposal to the natural environment and a
sludge. Biological processes can be employed in the treatment of wastewater and these processes may
include, for example, aerated lagoons, activated sludge or slow sand filters. To be effective, sewage must
be conveyed to a treatment plant by appropriate pipes and infrastructure and the process itself must be
subject to regulation and controls. Some wastewaters require different and sometimes specialized
treatment methods. At the simplest level, treatment of sewage and most wastewaters is carried out
through separation of solids from liquids, usually by sedimentation. By progressively converting
dissolved material into solids, usually a biological floc, which is then settled out, an effluent stream of
increasing purity is produced.

17. Control and treatment of water
Domestic water treatment
• Water supplied to domestic properties may be further treated before use,
often using an in-line treatment process. Such treatments can include
water softening or ion exchange. Many proprietary systems also claim to
remove residual disinfectants and heavy metal ions.
Desalination
• Saline water can be treated to yield fresh water. Two main processes are
used, reverse osmosis or distillation. Both methods require more energy
than water treatment of local surface waters, and are usually only used in
coastal areas or where water such as groundwater has high salinity.
Field processes
• Living away from drinking water supplies often requires some form of
portable water treatment process. These can vary in complexity from the
simple addition of a disinfectant tablet in a hiker's water bottle through to
complex multi-stage processes carried by boat or plane to disaster areas.

18. Thank you….. !!