This document discusses environmental resources and the balance between economic growth and environmental degradation. It notes that while economic growth relies on using scarce resources, overuse of resources and environmental pollution are issues. It suggests achieving balance through more sustainable development models, reducing poverty, and new green technologies. The document also addresses global environmental issues like greenhouse gas emissions and deforestation. It argues that while international cooperation is difficult, applying cooperative game theory could help countries achieve agreements and global welfare.

1. Presented By
Md. Sahed Khan
Department of Rural Sociology

2.  The complex of physical, chemical and biotic
factors that act upon an organism or an
ecological community and ultimately
determine its form and survival

3. Have intrinsic value of their own
Have value for the longer term
sustainability
Elements of the Human Environment
‘Intangible’ in Nature
Scarce in Absolute Terms

4. Environmental Resources
Based on Source of Origin Based on Renewability Based on Stage of Development
1. Biotic Resources 1. Renewable
Resources
1. Potential Resources
2. Actual Resources
2. Non-biotic
Resources
2. Non-Renewable
Resources
3. Reserve Resources
4. Stock Resources

5.  Economic Growth:
“an increase in what an economy can produce if it is using all
its scarce resources”

7. Global Resource
Constraints
Desperate Need
by Nations to
Achieve High
Growth Rate
Overuse of
Resources
Environmental
Degradation and
Pollution

8.  Balance between Economic Growth and
Environmental Degradation by:
1. Less Energy Intensive and More Environmentally
Sound Models of Development
2. Breakdown of the Cycle of Poverty and
Environmental Destruction in LDCs
3. New Environmentally Safe Technologies

9.  Total Greenhouse Emissions across the Globe
 60.4% done by China, United States, Russia,
Japan, Germany, South Korea and Canada
 Heavy Deforestation by Developed Countries
 In the name of Industrialization

11.  United States:
 2% Global Population Holding
 25 % of Global Resources Use
 Generating More Wastes
 Unethical disposal of wastes by Developed
Countries through:
1. Shifting of Dirty Industries
2. Chemical Wastes dumplings
3. Electronic-Wastes dumplings

12.  Global welfare through
 Cooperation among Countries
 Economic theory defines two types of goods:
1. Private goods: Principle of competition among
agents for good Consumption
2. Public goods:
 Do not follow this principle
 Limitless Consumption of Goods

13.  No Contribution for the use of Public Resources
 Initially individuals Better-off
 Ultimately Everyone Worse-off
 Failure to
 Monetize Environmental Service
 Quantify their economic value
 Possibility of Solvency
 Cooperative Game theory

15. Cooperation at Local level brings Better result for Human and Environment
Difficult to achieve International Cooperation
International Cooperation: Possible with Enforceable Agreements
Application of Cooperative Game Theory: Achievement of Global Welfare

17. THANK YOU