1) Societies need human capital in the form of educated professionals like engineers, doctors, and teachers.
2) Investment in education and training is required to develop human capital from human resources.
3) Both private and social benefits are created through investment in human capital.
Download Accountancy Project of Class 12th Strictly according to the latest rules and regulations of CBSE for free (including Comprehensive Problem,Specific Problem on Ratios,Specific Problem on cash Flow Statement)
Role of RBI in Control of Credit - Economics Project Class 12 (2019-20 )ShivamSingh1247
This is Class 12 Economics Project as per the CBSE Guidelines ( 2019-20)
Download This Project From Here : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1EJZakkGzp5ubvAIYpShMQRB26LVsXOXx/view?usp=drivesdk
Topic : Role of RBI in Control of Credit
➡️ Reserve Bank of India - Histroy
➡️ Reserve Bank of India - Introduction
➡️ Structure of Reserve Bank of India
➡️ Functions of Reserve Bank of India
➡️ Demonetisation
➡️ Methods of Credit Control
➡️ Need of Credit Control
➡️ Limitations of Credit Control
➡️ Current Rates ( As on 14 Dec 2019 )
➡️ OBJECTIVE
➡️ CONCLUSION
➡️ BIBILIOGRAPHY
Download Accountancy Project of Class 12th Strictly according to the latest rules and regulations of CBSE for free (including Comprehensive Problem,Specific Problem on Ratios,Specific Problem on cash Flow Statement)
Role of RBI in Control of Credit - Economics Project Class 12 (2019-20 )ShivamSingh1247
This is Class 12 Economics Project as per the CBSE Guidelines ( 2019-20)
Download This Project From Here : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1EJZakkGzp5ubvAIYpShMQRB26LVsXOXx/view?usp=drivesdk
Topic : Role of RBI in Control of Credit
➡️ Reserve Bank of India - Histroy
➡️ Reserve Bank of India - Introduction
➡️ Structure of Reserve Bank of India
➡️ Functions of Reserve Bank of India
➡️ Demonetisation
➡️ Methods of Credit Control
➡️ Need of Credit Control
➡️ Limitations of Credit Control
➡️ Current Rates ( As on 14 Dec 2019 )
➡️ OBJECTIVE
➡️ CONCLUSION
➡️ BIBILIOGRAPHY
This project is based on Stock Exchange.
It includes :-
Basic theory about two major stock exchanges based in India,
Stock Market Terminologies,
Stock Market Timings,
Role of Stock Exchange,
Information about SEBI,
Trading Procedure,
Companies listed on stock exchange,
Portfolio of five selected companies and
Factors Affecting Stock Prices.
Subject-Business Studies
Class-12
Solved Comprehensive Project Cbse Class 12 Accountancy ProjectDan John
I assure you that this project of mine will fetch you a very good score.
Good Luck!!
Go to the links below for the following...
Solved Cbse Class 12 Accountancy Full Project(Comprehensive Project, Ratio Analysis and Cash Flow Statements with Conclusion)
http://www.slideshare.net/dankjohn/solved-cbse-class-12-accountancy-full-projectcomprehensive-project-ratio-analysis-and-cash-flow-statements-with-conclusion
Solved Accounting Ratios with Balance Sheet(vertical) and Statement of Profit and Loss - Cbse Class 12 Accountancy Project
http://www.slideshare.net/dankjohn/solved-accounting-ratios-with-balance-sheetvertical-and-statement-of-profit-and-loss-cbse-class-12-accountancy-project
Solved Cash Flow Statements with Balance Sheet (vertical) and Notes to Accounts - Cbse Class 12 Accountancy Project
http://www.slideshare.net/dankjohn/solved-cash-flow-statements-with-balance-sheet-vertical-and-notes-to-accounts-cbse-class-12-accountancy-project
Solved Accounting Ratios with Balance Sheet(vertical) and Statement of Profit...Dan John
I assure you that this project of mine will fetch you a very good score.
Good Luck!!
Go to the links below for the following...
Solved Cbse Class 12 Accountancy Full Project(Comprehensive Project, Ratio Analysis and Cash Flow Statements with Conclusion)
http://www.slideshare.net/dankjohn/solved-cbse-class-12-accountancy-full-projectcomprehensive-project-ratio-analysis-and-cash-flow-statements-with-conclusion
Solved Comprehensive Project Cbse Class 12 Accountancy Project
http://www.slideshare.net/dankjohn/solved-comprehensive-project-cbse-class-12-accountancy-project
Solved Cash Flow Statements with Balance Sheet (vertical) and Notes to Accounts - Cbse Class 12 Accountancy Project
http://www.slideshare.net/dankjohn/solved-cash-flow-statements-with-balance-sheet-vertical-and-notes-to-accounts-cbse-class-12-accountancy-project
Marketing Management Project on Chocolates | Business Stuides Priyanka Sahu
This slide is about business studies project that the students get reading in class 12 for their practical examination. This slide is strictly based on the guidelines issued as per CBSE for the project tiltled "Marketing Management". It is a flexible format in which one can fit any kind of product.
Project on biscuits,business studies project work, 12 class business project ...Ravi Singh
business studies project work, 12 class business project work,Project on biscuit
for more projects visit here
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCqF8lgmvUBUBTzJPaoY0p8Q
and subscribe now
Solved Cbse Class 12 Accountancy Full Project(Comprehensive Project, Ratio An...Dan John
I assure you that this project of mine will fetch you a very good score.
Good Luck!!
Go to the links below for the following...
Solved Comprehensive Project Cbse Class 12 Accountancy Project
http://www.slideshare.net/dankjohn/solved-comprehensive-project-cbse-class-12-accountancy-project
Solved Accounting Ratios with Balance Sheet(vertical) and Statement of Profit and Loss - Cbse Class 12 Accountancy Project
http://www.slideshare.net/dankjohn/solved-accounting-ratios-with-balance-sheetvertical-and-statement-of-profit-and-loss-cbse-class-12-accountancy-project
Solved Cash Flow Statements with Balance Sheet (vertical) and Notes to Accounts - Cbse Class 12 Accountancy Project
http://www.slideshare.net/dankjohn/solved-cash-flow-statements-with-balance-sheet-vertical-and-notes-to-accounts-cbse-class-12-accountancy-project
Accountancy 12th class project work(Both Comprehensive and specific)Himanshu Mishra
I have uploaded Accountancy 12th class project work(Which Includes Both Comprehensive and specific) as per latest CBSE guidelines 2015 . This project consist of 52pages where i have uploaded 32 pages (Ledger accounts and introduction have been depleted which you can write on your own)
If any query please persist hmishra678@gmail.com (Himanshu Mishra)
This project is based on Stock Exchange.
It includes :-
Basic theory about two major stock exchanges based in India,
Stock Market Terminologies,
Stock Market Timings,
Role of Stock Exchange,
Information about SEBI,
Trading Procedure,
Companies listed on stock exchange,
Portfolio of five selected companies and
Factors Affecting Stock Prices.
Subject-Business Studies
Class-12
Solved Comprehensive Project Cbse Class 12 Accountancy ProjectDan John
I assure you that this project of mine will fetch you a very good score.
Good Luck!!
Go to the links below for the following...
Solved Cbse Class 12 Accountancy Full Project(Comprehensive Project, Ratio Analysis and Cash Flow Statements with Conclusion)
http://www.slideshare.net/dankjohn/solved-cbse-class-12-accountancy-full-projectcomprehensive-project-ratio-analysis-and-cash-flow-statements-with-conclusion
Solved Accounting Ratios with Balance Sheet(vertical) and Statement of Profit and Loss - Cbse Class 12 Accountancy Project
http://www.slideshare.net/dankjohn/solved-accounting-ratios-with-balance-sheetvertical-and-statement-of-profit-and-loss-cbse-class-12-accountancy-project
Solved Cash Flow Statements with Balance Sheet (vertical) and Notes to Accounts - Cbse Class 12 Accountancy Project
http://www.slideshare.net/dankjohn/solved-cash-flow-statements-with-balance-sheet-vertical-and-notes-to-accounts-cbse-class-12-accountancy-project
Solved Accounting Ratios with Balance Sheet(vertical) and Statement of Profit...Dan John
I assure you that this project of mine will fetch you a very good score.
Good Luck!!
Go to the links below for the following...
Solved Cbse Class 12 Accountancy Full Project(Comprehensive Project, Ratio Analysis and Cash Flow Statements with Conclusion)
http://www.slideshare.net/dankjohn/solved-cbse-class-12-accountancy-full-projectcomprehensive-project-ratio-analysis-and-cash-flow-statements-with-conclusion
Solved Comprehensive Project Cbse Class 12 Accountancy Project
http://www.slideshare.net/dankjohn/solved-comprehensive-project-cbse-class-12-accountancy-project
Solved Cash Flow Statements with Balance Sheet (vertical) and Notes to Accounts - Cbse Class 12 Accountancy Project
http://www.slideshare.net/dankjohn/solved-cash-flow-statements-with-balance-sheet-vertical-and-notes-to-accounts-cbse-class-12-accountancy-project
Marketing Management Project on Chocolates | Business Stuides Priyanka Sahu
This slide is about business studies project that the students get reading in class 12 for their practical examination. This slide is strictly based on the guidelines issued as per CBSE for the project tiltled "Marketing Management". It is a flexible format in which one can fit any kind of product.
Project on biscuits,business studies project work, 12 class business project ...Ravi Singh
business studies project work, 12 class business project work,Project on biscuit
for more projects visit here
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCqF8lgmvUBUBTzJPaoY0p8Q
and subscribe now
Solved Cbse Class 12 Accountancy Full Project(Comprehensive Project, Ratio An...Dan John
I assure you that this project of mine will fetch you a very good score.
Good Luck!!
Go to the links below for the following...
Solved Comprehensive Project Cbse Class 12 Accountancy Project
http://www.slideshare.net/dankjohn/solved-comprehensive-project-cbse-class-12-accountancy-project
Solved Accounting Ratios with Balance Sheet(vertical) and Statement of Profit and Loss - Cbse Class 12 Accountancy Project
http://www.slideshare.net/dankjohn/solved-accounting-ratios-with-balance-sheetvertical-and-statement-of-profit-and-loss-cbse-class-12-accountancy-project
Solved Cash Flow Statements with Balance Sheet (vertical) and Notes to Accounts - Cbse Class 12 Accountancy Project
http://www.slideshare.net/dankjohn/solved-cash-flow-statements-with-balance-sheet-vertical-and-notes-to-accounts-cbse-class-12-accountancy-project
Accountancy 12th class project work(Both Comprehensive and specific)Himanshu Mishra
I have uploaded Accountancy 12th class project work(Which Includes Both Comprehensive and specific) as per latest CBSE guidelines 2015 . This project consist of 52pages where i have uploaded 32 pages (Ledger accounts and introduction have been depleted which you can write on your own)
If any query please persist hmishra678@gmail.com (Himanshu Mishra)
The Role of Education and Health in human capital development, Even though there are different perspectives to economic growth, there is a general con¬sensus that growth will lead to a good change manifested in increased capacity of people to have control over material assets, intellectual resources and ideology, and obtain physical necessities of life like food, clothing, shelter, employment, etc. The belief in human capital as a necessity for
An Analysis of Impact of Human Capital Investment on Demographic Characterist...inventionjournals
The demographic features of the 2011census of India have revealed that India is the second largest country next to China in terms of working age population (25 - 50 years) in the world. It has been known that the country’s economic growth is based on both natural and human resources available in the country. Still, there are more avenues for effective and efficient use of labour-productivity in this age group. It is well conceived by the theory that the human resources are the biggest contributor of economic growth which is augmented by a process of human capital formation. Of late, health and education have been viewed as the two dimensions of human capital which are treated as an indicator of social welfare. The variations in health status of different age groups in market and non-market labour productivities are still prevalent in many developing countries. The low health status persons contribute less to human capital formation than of others (Behrman and Deolalikar, 1988). According to them, “Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity”. Therefore, it cannot be purchased by the consumers in the market as we do for other goods and services in the market. On the other hand, it can be produced by spending time upon health improving activities, as well as, purchasing medical inputs (Grossman M., 1972). Behrman has pointed out that there is an inverse relationship between low health status and human capital formation. Therefore, the economists have focused their attention to study the determinants and impact of health status on economic growth. The present study attempts to analyse the human capital investment and its impact of socio- economic status on human resources (HR) in Chennai district, Tamil Nadu. To aid our research effort, an extensive literature has also been reviewed in an attempt to answer various queries raised. On the basis of the statement of problems, the research questionnaires have been canvassed among the respondents to obtain the information. This study is based on databases obtained both from primary and secondary sources. The information through primary sources has been collected with the help of interview schedule. The secondary data on Human Capital Investment and the Impact of Socio- Economic Status on Human Resources have been collected from various sources in Chennai City. In the health sector, this study focuses its attention to reporting illness, amount spent, days lost. Some of the opted econometric techniques have been used to examine the objectives of the study. Our empirical strategy has applied the following tools of analysis. The statistical tools like OLS, PROBIT and LOGIT techniques are used to analyze the indicator ‘selfreported illnesses. And, ‘Health expenditure’ and ‘number of days lost’ are estimated by OLS and TOBIT techniques, besides by applying correlation, regression analysis.
how to sell pi coins in South Korea profitably.DOT TECH
Yes. You can sell your pi network coins in South Korea or any other country, by finding a verified pi merchant
What is a verified pi merchant?
Since pi network is not launched yet on any exchange, the only way you can sell pi coins is by selling to a verified pi merchant, and this is because pi network is not launched yet on any exchange and no pre-sale or ico offerings Is done on pi.
Since there is no pre-sale, the only way exchanges can get pi is by buying from miners. So a pi merchant facilitates these transactions by acting as a bridge for both transactions.
How can i find a pi vendor/merchant?
Well for those who haven't traded with a pi merchant or who don't already have one. I will leave the telegram id of my personal pi merchant who i trade pi with.
Tele gram: @Pi_vendor_247
#pi #sell #nigeria #pinetwork #picoins #sellpi #Nigerian #tradepi #pinetworkcoins #sellmypi
how to sell pi coins in all Africa Countries.DOT TECH
Yes. You can sell your pi network for other cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, usdt , Ethereum and other currencies And this is done easily with the help from a pi merchant.
What is a pi merchant ?
Since pi is not launched yet in any exchange. The only way you can sell right now is through merchants.
A verified Pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins from miners and resell them to investors looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before mainnet launch in 2026.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins effectively (from 50 - 100k pi)DOT TECH
Anywhere in the world, including Africa, America, and Europe, you can sell Pi Network Coins online and receive cash through online payment options.
Pi has not yet been launched on any exchange because we are currently using the confined Mainnet. The planned launch date for Pi is June 28, 2026.
Reselling to investors who want to hold until the mainnet launch in 2026 is currently the sole way to sell.
Consequently, right now. All you need to do is select the right pi network provider.
Who is a pi merchant?
An individual who buys coins from miners on the pi network and resells them to investors hoping to hang onto them until the mainnet is launched is known as a pi merchant.
debuts.
I'll provide you the Telegram username
@Pi_vendor_247
what is the future of Pi Network currency.DOT TECH
The future of the Pi cryptocurrency is uncertain, and its success will depend on several factors. Pi is a relatively new cryptocurrency that aims to be user-friendly and accessible to a wide audience. Here are a few key considerations for its future:
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram if u want to sell PI COINS.
1. Mainnet Launch: As of my last knowledge update in January 2022, Pi was still in the testnet phase. Its success will depend on a successful transition to a mainnet, where actual transactions can take place.
2. User Adoption: Pi's success will be closely tied to user adoption. The more users who join the network and actively participate, the stronger the ecosystem can become.
3. Utility and Use Cases: For a cryptocurrency to thrive, it must offer utility and practical use cases. The Pi team has talked about various applications, including peer-to-peer transactions, smart contracts, and more. The development and implementation of these features will be essential.
4. Regulatory Environment: The regulatory environment for cryptocurrencies is evolving globally. How Pi navigates and complies with regulations in various jurisdictions will significantly impact its future.
5. Technology Development: The Pi network must continue to develop and improve its technology, security, and scalability to compete with established cryptocurrencies.
6. Community Engagement: The Pi community plays a critical role in its future. Engaged users can help build trust and grow the network.
7. Monetization and Sustainability: The Pi team's monetization strategy, such as fees, partnerships, or other revenue sources, will affect its long-term sustainability.
It's essential to approach Pi or any new cryptocurrency with caution and conduct due diligence. Cryptocurrency investments involve risks, and potential rewards can be uncertain. The success and future of Pi will depend on the collective efforts of its team, community, and the broader cryptocurrency market dynamics. It's advisable to stay updated on Pi's development and follow any updates from the official Pi Network website or announcements from the team.
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview.pptxmarketing367770
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview
If you're dreaming of owning a home in California's rural or suburban areas, a USDA loan might be the perfect solution. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) offers these loans to help low-to-moderate-income individuals and families achieve homeownership.
Key Features of USDA Loans:
Zero Down Payment: USDA loans require no down payment, making homeownership more accessible.
Competitive Interest Rates: These loans often come with lower interest rates compared to conventional loans.
Flexible Credit Requirements: USDA loans have more lenient credit score requirements, helping those with less-than-perfect credit.
Guaranteed Loan Program: The USDA guarantees a portion of the loan, reducing risk for lenders and expanding borrowing options.
Eligibility Criteria:
Location: The property must be located in a USDA-designated rural or suburban area. Many areas in California qualify.
Income Limits: Applicants must meet income guidelines, which vary by region and household size.
Primary Residence: The home must be used as the borrower's primary residence.
Application Process:
Find a USDA-Approved Lender: Not all lenders offer USDA loans, so it's essential to choose one approved by the USDA.
Pre-Qualification: Determine your eligibility and the amount you can borrow.
Property Search: Look for properties in eligible rural or suburban areas.
Loan Application: Submit your application, including financial and personal information.
Processing and Approval: The lender and USDA will review your application. If approved, you can proceed to closing.
USDA loans are an excellent option for those looking to buy a home in California's rural and suburban areas. With no down payment and flexible requirements, these loans make homeownership more attainable for many families. Explore your eligibility today and take the first step toward owning your dream home.
how to swap pi coins to foreign currency withdrawable.DOT TECH
As of my last update, Pi is still in the testing phase and is not tradable on any exchanges.
However, Pi Network has announced plans to launch its Testnet and Mainnet in the future, which may include listing Pi on exchanges.
The current method for selling pi coins involves exchanging them with a pi vendor who purchases pi coins for investment reasons.
If you want to sell your pi coins, reach out to a pi vendor and sell them to anyone looking to sell pi coins from any country around the globe.
Below is the contact information for my personal pi vendor.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
If you are looking for a pi coin investor. Then look no further because I have the right one he is a pi vendor (he buy and resell to whales in China). I met him on a crypto conference and ever since I and my friends have sold more than 10k pi coins to him And he bought all and still want more. I will drop his telegram handle below just send him a message.
@Pi_vendor_247
The Evolution of Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) in India: Challenges...beulahfernandes8
Role in Financial System
NBFCs are critical in bridging the financial inclusion gap.
They provide specialized financial services that cater to segments often neglected by traditional banks.
Economic Impact
NBFCs contribute significantly to India's GDP.
They support sectors like micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), housing finance, and personal loans.
Turin Startup Ecosystem 2024 - Ricerca sulle Startup e il Sistema dell'Innov...Quotidiano Piemontese
Turin Startup Ecosystem 2024
Una ricerca de il Club degli Investitori, in collaborazione con ToTeM Torino Tech Map e con il supporto della ESCP Business School e di Growth Capital
The secret way to sell pi coins effortlessly.DOT TECH
Well as we all know pi isn't launched yet. But you can still sell your pi coins effortlessly because some whales in China are interested in holding massive pi coins. And they are willing to pay good money for it. If you are interested in selling I will leave a contact for you. Just telegram this number below. I sold about 3000 pi coins to him and he paid me immediately.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
How to get verified on Coinbase Account?_.docxBuy bitget
t's important to note that buying verified Coinbase accounts is not recommended and may violate Coinbase's terms of service. Instead of searching to "buy verified Coinbase accounts," follow the proper steps to verify your own account to ensure compliance and security.
What website can I sell pi coins securely.DOT TECH
Currently there are no website or exchange that allow buying or selling of pi coins..
But you can still easily sell pi coins, by reselling it to exchanges/crypto whales interested in holding thousands of pi coins before the mainnet launch.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and resell to these crypto whales and holders of pi..
This is because pi network is not doing any pre-sale. The only way exchanges can get pi is by buying from miners and pi merchants stands in between the miners and the exchanges.
How can I sell my pi coins?
Selling pi coins is really easy, but first you need to migrate to mainnet wallet before you can do that. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
Tele-gram.
@Pi_vendor_247
3. Just as a country can turn physical resources
like land into physical capital like factories,
similarly it can also turn human resources like
students into engineers and doctors.
Societies need sufficient human capital in
the first place-In the form of competent
people who have themselves been
educated and trained as professors and
other professionals. This means that we need
investment in human capital out of human
resources.
4. Points of Difference Physical Capital Human Capital
Physical Construction It has physical
construction. It can be
seen, touched and easily
sold.
It is intangible and it is not
sold. Only its services are
sold.
Separation It is separable from its
owners.
It cannot be separated
from its owners.
Building It can be built by imports
also.
It is built by conscious
policy formulation of
state and its expenditure.
Nature of Benefits It creates private benefit. It creates both private
and social benefits.
Mobility Completely mobile
subject to artificial trade
restriction placed at
some places.
It is not perfectly mobile.
It is restricted by
nationality and culture.
5. Human Capital Human Development
Human capital consider
education and health as a
means to increase labour
productivity.
Human development considers that
education and health are integral to
human well-being because only
when people have the ability to read
and write and the ability to lead a
long and healthy life, they will be
able to make other choices which
they value.
Human capital treats human
beings as a means to an end; the
end being the increase in
productivity. Any investment in
education and health is
unproductive if it does not
enhance output of goods and
services.
Human welfare should be increased
through investments in education
and health even if such investments
do not result in higher labour
productivity. Therefore, basic
education and basic health are
important in themselves, irrespective
of their contribution to labour
productivity.
7. Spending on education by individuals is
similar to spending on capital goods by
companies with the objective of
increasing future profits over a period of
time.
Likewise, individuals invest in education
with the objective of increasing their
future income.
8. Health is important for the development of an
individual.
Medicines, provision for clean drinking water
and good sanitation are various forms of
health expenditures.
Health expenditure directly increases the
supply of healthy labour force and is, thus, a
source of human capital formation
9. Firms spend on giving on-the job-training to their workers. This
may take different forms:
The workers may be trained in the firm itself under the
supervision of a skilled worker.
The workers may be sent for off-campus training.
In both these cases firms incur some expenses. Thus they insist
that the workers should work for a specific period of time, after
their on-the-job training, during which it can recover the
benefits of the enhanced productivity owing to the training.
Expenditure regarding on-the-job training is a source of human
capital formation as the return of such expenditure in the form
of enhanced labour productivity is more than the cost of it.
10. People migrate in search of jobs that fetch them
higher salaries than what they may get in their native
places.
Unemployment is the reason for the rural-urban
migration in India. Technically qualified persons, like
engineers and doctors, migrate to other countries
because of higher salaries that they may get in such
countries.
Migration in both these cases involves cost of transport,
higher cost of living in the migrated places and psychic
costs of living in a strange socio-cultural setup.
The enhanced earnings in the new place outweigh the
costs of migration; hence, expenditure on migration is
also a source of human capital formation.
11. People spend to acquire information relating
to the labour market and other markets like
education and health.
This information is necessary to make
decisions regarding investments in human
capital as well as for efficient utilisation of the
acquired human capital stock.
Expenditure incurred for acquiring information
relating to the labour market and other
markets is also a source of human capital
formation.
12. The government of India has evolved a
national health policy, which lays down stress
on the preventive, promotive and
rehabilitative aspects of life. Healthy
population helps indirectly in the economic
development of the country.
1) All machines, equipments and tools require
men to operate on them. Health is an
essential requirement for making an efficient,
active and competent working force.
2) There is always a sound mind in a sound
body.
13. We should try our best to improve the health
standards of the citizens eradicate diseases
such as malaria, smallpox, polio, tetanus etc.
Illness is a part of human life so there should
be sufficient number of hospitals and
dispensaries to cure ailing patients.
Health helps indirectly the economic
development by supplying active, energetic
and healthy working force, which activates
the entire production process.
14. The Average standard of health in India was
very poor on the eve of adoption of planned
development:
Death rate per year=27.4 per thousand
Infant Mortality per year=183 per thousand
Life expectancy=32.45 years(Males)
31.66(Females)
There was one doctor for every6300 persons,
one nurse for every 4300 persons, one trained
mid-wife for every 60,000 persons.
15. Education as Human Resource
Human Resource refers to the population of a
country and the efficiency, productivity, skill and
farsightedness of its inhabitants. Education is an
important factor for the development of human
resources:
Education improves upon the level of understanding.
It increases the capacity and mental efficiency of
people to produce more.
Technical education develops the efficiency among
the laborers to use highly advanced techniques of
production.
Education modernizes the attitudes and behaviors of
the people which is important for rapid growth of the
economy.
16. Primary education
1) The Indian government lays emphasis to primary education up to the
age of fourteen years.
2) 80% of all recognized schools at the Elementary Stage are government
run or supported, making it the largest provider of education in the
Country.
3) Figures released by the Indian government in 2011 show that there
were 5,816,673 elementary school teachers in India.
4) Education has also been made free for children for 6 to 14 years of age
or up to class VIII under the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory
Education Act 2009.
5) The current scheme for universalization of Education for All is the Sarva
Shiksha Abhiyan which is one of the largest education initiatives in the
world.
17. Secondary education
a) Secondary education covers children 14–18 which covers
88.5 million children according to the Census, 2001.
b) India's secondary school system is its emphasis on profession
based vocational training to help students attain skills for
finding a vocation of his/her choosing.
c) A special Integrated Education for Disabled Children (IEDC)
programme was started in 1974 with a focus on primary
education. The government started the Kendriya Vidyalaya
project in 1965 to provide uniform education in institutions
following the same syllabus at the same pace regardless of
the location to which the employee's family has been
transferred.
18. Higher education
India's higher education system is the third largest in the world, after
China and the United States.
The main governing body at the tertiary level is the University Grants
Commission (India), which enforces its standards, advises the
government, and helps coordinate between the centre and the
state.
Some institutions of India, such as the Indian Institutes of Technology
(IITs), have been globally acclaimed for their standard of
undergraduate education in engineering.
Six Indian Institutes of Technology and the Birla Institute of
Technology and Science – Pilani were listed among the top 20
science and technology schools in Asia by Asiaweek. The Indian
School of Business situated in Hyderabad was ranked number 12 in
global MBA rankings by the Financial Times of London in 2010 while
the All India Institute of Medical Sciences has been recognized as a
global leader in medical research and treatment.
19.
20. We know that the labour skill of an educated
person is more than that of an uneducated
person and that the former generates more
income than the latter.
Economic growth means the increase in real
national income of a country; naturally, the
contribution of the educated person to
economic growth is more than that of an
illiterate person.
Education provides knowledge to understand
changes in society and scientific
advancements, thus, facilitate inventions and
innovations.
21. The enhanced productivity of human beings or
human capital contributes substantially not only
towards increasing labour productivity but also
stimulates innovations and creates ability to
absorb new technologies.
The human capital growth in developing
countries has been faster but the growth of per
capita real income has not been that fast.
There are reasons to believe that the causality
between human capital and economic growth
flows in either directions.
22. The Seventh Five Year Plan of India says
“Human resources development has
necessarily to be assigned a key role in any
development strategy, particularly in a
country with a large population.
Trained and educated on sound lines, a large
population can itself become an asset in
accelerating economic growth and in
ensuring social change in desired directions.”
23.
24. Human Capital is undoubtedly superb biological
computer . It enables thinking process . Man has
head start over other species . Men are rational
in their decision making . It requires that the
people must be literate , educated and skilled .
In order to become more efficient and
productive people should be trained , skilled and
professionally qualified .
It is rightly said that the average overall lifetime
earning of a graduate is more than a matriculate.
25. Increases production - Knowledgeable ,
skilled , qualified persons can contribute their
maximum to the economy . They can
increase production through optimum
utilization of resources .
Increases productivity – It promotes
innovations , creativity and new technology
so that maximum possible time and cost.
Improve quality of life – Human capital
formation focuses on quality of population ,
better the quality of population more will be
the economic growth and development .
26. Creates positive attributes – People with
positive attributes are more open to
creativity and innovations and are
rational in their decision making .
Life expectancy – Human capital
formation increases the life expectancy
of people.
27. Rising Population-Large size of population adversely
effects the quality of human capital formation.
Larger the population, more capital is required for
the purpose of investment in education and health.
High level of Poverty-Major section of Indian
population living under poverty line finds it difficult to
arrange basic necessities of life. Hence, they cannot
afford quality education and health facilities.
Braindrain-The migration of highly skilled work force
to other countries for better jobs is known as
braindrain. Due to braindrain country loses it’s
qualified and skilled workforce affecting the process
of economic growth.
28. The Human Development Index (HDI) is a
composite statistic of life expectancy,
education, and income indices to rank
countries into four tiers of human
development. It was created by
economist Mahbub ul Haq, followed by
economist Amartya Sen in 1990,and
published by the United Nations
Development Programme.
29. Longevity-longevity here means life expectancy at
birth. It means the number of years a newly born
baby is expected to live. Life expectancy in India is
63 years.
Educational attainment-It refers to the educational
attained by the people of the country on an
average basis. The constituents of educational
attainment are the following two variables:
1. Adult Literacy Rate-The rate of people aged 15 or
above who can understand, read and write a short
and simple statement in their everyday life is known
as ALR.
2.Gross Enrolment Ratio-GLR is defined as the
number of students enrolled at different levels of
education.
30. Real GDP per capita-It is taken as a
measure of the standard of living of the
people of a country.