The Hill cipher algorithm is one of the symmetrickey algorithms that have several advantages in data
encryption as well as decryptions. But, the inverse of the key matrix used for encrypting the plaintext does not always
exist. Then if the key matrix is not invertible, then encrypted text cannot be decrypted. In the Involuntary matrix
generation method the key matrix used for the encryption is itself invertible. So, at the time of decryption we need not to
find the inverse of the key matrix. The objective of this paper is to encrypt an text using a technique different from the
conventional Hill Cipher
The matrix in Hill Cipher was designed to perform encryption and decryption. Every column and row must be inserted by integer numbers. But, not any key that can be given to the matrix used for the process. The wrong determinant result cannot be used in the process because it produces the incorrect plaintext when doing the decryption after the encryption. Genetic algorithms offer the optimized way to determine the key used for encryption and decryption on the Hill Cipher. By determining the evaluation function in the genetic algorithm, the key that fits the composition will be obtained. By implementing this algorithm, the search of the key on the Hill Cipher will be easily done without spending too much time. Genetic algorithms do well if it is combined with Hill Cipher.
Secure Linear Transformation Based Cryptosystem using Dynamic Byte SubstitutionCSCJournals
Many classical cryptosystems are developed based on simple substitution. Hybrid cryptosystem using byte substitution and variable length sub key groups is a simple nonlinear algorithm but the cryptanalyst can find the length of each sub key group because the byte substitution is static and if the modulo prime number is small then byte substitution is limited to first few rows of S-box. In this paper an attempt is made to introduce the nonlinearity to the linear transformation based cryptosystem using dynamic byte substitution over GF (28). The secret value is added to the index value to shift the substitution to a new secret location dynamically. This adds extra security in addition to non-linearity, confusion and diffusion. The performance evaluation of the method is also studied and presented.
The matrix in Hill Cipher was designed to perform encryption and decryption. Every column and row must be inserted by integer numbers. But, not any key that can be given to the matrix used for the process. The wrong determinant result cannot be used in the process because it produces the incorrect plaintext when doing the decryption after the encryption. Genetic algorithms offer the optimized way to determine the key used for encryption and decryption on the Hill Cipher. By determining the evaluation function in the genetic algorithm, the key that fits the composition will be obtained. By implementing this algorithm, the search of the key on the Hill Cipher will be easily done without spending too much time. Genetic algorithms do well if it is combined with Hill Cipher.
Secure Linear Transformation Based Cryptosystem using Dynamic Byte SubstitutionCSCJournals
Many classical cryptosystems are developed based on simple substitution. Hybrid cryptosystem using byte substitution and variable length sub key groups is a simple nonlinear algorithm but the cryptanalyst can find the length of each sub key group because the byte substitution is static and if the modulo prime number is small then byte substitution is limited to first few rows of S-box. In this paper an attempt is made to introduce the nonlinearity to the linear transformation based cryptosystem using dynamic byte substitution over GF (28). The secret value is added to the index value to shift the substitution to a new secret location dynamically. This adds extra security in addition to non-linearity, confusion and diffusion. The performance evaluation of the method is also studied and presented.
Cryptography is the combination of Mathematics and Computer science. Cryptography is used for encryption and decryption of data using mathematics. Cryptography transit the information in an illegible manner such that only intended recipient will be able to decrypt the information
Application of matrix multiplication (cryptography) with solved problemMuhammad Waqas
What is Cryptography
A cryptogram is a message written according to a secret code (the Greek word kryptos means “hidden”). This section describes a method of using matrix multiplication to encode and decode messages.
Cryptography mainly consist of encryption and decryption
Encryption
Convert the plain data into numerical by giving A to 1,B to 2,C to 3 and so on.
Place the numerical in to matrix M of order mn ≥ L.
Multiply the matrix M with a non-singular matrix A to get the encoded matrix X.
The determinate of (non singular matrix) A must be equal to ±1.
Convert the resultant, the encrypted message matrix in to a text message of length L and that will be send to the receiver
Decryption
Receiver can form a matrix with the encrypted message.
Multiply the encoded matrix X with 퐴^(−1) to get back the message matrix M.
Encryption and decryption require the use of some secret information usually referred as a key.
This first matrix , used by sender is called the encryption matrix (encoding matrix) and its inverse is called decryption matrix (decoding matrix) , which is used by the receiver.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Low Power FPGA Based Elliptical Curve CryptographyIOSR Journals
Cryptography is the study of techniques for ensuring the secrecy and authentication of the
information. The development of public-key cryptography is the greatest and perhaps the only true revolution in
the entire history of cryptography. Elliptic Curve Cryptography is one of the public-key cryptosystem showing
up in standardization efforts, including the IEEE P1363 Standard. The principal attraction of elliptic curve
cryptography compared to RSA is that it offers equal security for a smaller key-size, thereby reducing the
processing overhead. As a Public-Key Cryptosystem, ECC has many advantages such as fast speed, high
security and short key. It is suitable for the hardware of implementation, so ECC has been more and more
focused in recent years. The hardware implementation of ECC on FPGA uses the arithmetic unit that has small
area, small storage unit and fast speed, and it is an extremely suitable system which has limited computation
ability and storage space.[1][2] The modular arithmetic division operations are carried out using conditional
successive subtractions, thereby reducing the area. The system is implemented on Vertex-Pro XCV1000 FPGA
New Technique Using Multiple Symmetric keys for Multilevel EncryptionIJERA Editor
In a world of accelerating communications, cryptography has become an essential component of the modern
means of communication systems. The emergence of the webas a reliable medium for commerce and
communication has made cryptography an essential component. Many algorithms or ciphers are in use
nowadays. The quality of the cipher is judged byits ability to prevent an unrelated party fromknowingthe
original content of the encrypted message. The proposed “Multilevel Encryption Model” is a cryptosystem that
adopts the basic principles of cryptography. It uses five symmetric keys (multiple)
in floating point numbers, plaintext, substitution techniques and key combinations with unintelligible
sequence to produce the ciphertext. The decryption process is also designed to reproduce the plaintext
Random numo Galois Field
Polynomial Arithmetic
Example of Polynomial Arithmetic
bers, its types and usage.
TRNG, PRNG, CHPRNG
Review of BBS
Stream Ciphering
RC4 algorithm
Basic Number Theory
Extended Euclidean Algorithm
Relevance of Extended Euclidean Algorithm
Design and Implementation of a Secure Communication Protocol IJECEIAES
The main object of this paper is to present a mutual authentication protocol that guarantees security, integrity and authenticity of messages, transferred over a network system. In this paper a symmetric key cryptosystem, that satisfies all the above requirements, is developed using theorems of J.R. Chen, I.M. Vinogradov and Fermat and the decimal expansion of an irrational number.
A NEW ALGORITHM TO CONSTRUCT S-BOXES WITH HIGH DIFFUSIONijscmcj
In this paper is proposed a new algorithm to construct S-Boxes over GF(28) with Branch Number value at least 3. This is an important property that guarantees a high diusion in the S-Box [12]. Also are introduced some defnition and properties that show the be- havior of S-Boxes under the composition with affine functions. Finally is presented a comparision between this algorithm and the method pro-posed by Tavares [12].
Elliptic curve cryptography is additional powerful than different methodology that gains countless attention within the industry and plays vital role within the world of CRYPTOGRAPHY. This paper explains the strategy of elliptic curve cryptography victimization matrix scrambling method. during this methodology of cryptography we have a tendency to initial rework the plain text to elliptic curve so victimization matrix scrambling methodology we have a tendency to encrypt/decrypt the message. This method keeps information safe from unwanted attack to our information.
A SURVEY ON ELLIPTIC CURVE DIGITAL SIGNATURE ALGORITHM AND ITS VARIANTScsandit
The Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) is an elliptic curve variant of the
Digital Signature Algorithm (DSA). It gives cryptographically strong digital signatures making
use of Elliptic curve discrete logarithmic problem. It uses arithmetic with much smaller
numbers 160/256 bits instead of 1024/2048 bits in RSA and DSA and provides the same level of
security. The ECDSA was accepted in 1999 as an ANSI standard, and was accepted in 2000 as
IEEE and NIST standards. It was also accepted in 1998 as an ISO standard. Many cryptologist
have studied security aspects of ECDSA and proposed different variants. In this paper, we
discuss a detailed analysis of the original ECDSA and all its available variants in terms of the
security level and execution time of all the phases. To the best of our knowledge, this is a unique
attempt to juxtapose and compare the ECDSA with all of its variants.
Cryptography is the combination of Mathematics and Computer science. Cryptography is used for encryption and decryption of data using mathematics. Cryptography transit the information in an illegible manner such that only intended recipient will be able to decrypt the information
Application of matrix multiplication (cryptography) with solved problemMuhammad Waqas
What is Cryptography
A cryptogram is a message written according to a secret code (the Greek word kryptos means “hidden”). This section describes a method of using matrix multiplication to encode and decode messages.
Cryptography mainly consist of encryption and decryption
Encryption
Convert the plain data into numerical by giving A to 1,B to 2,C to 3 and so on.
Place the numerical in to matrix M of order mn ≥ L.
Multiply the matrix M with a non-singular matrix A to get the encoded matrix X.
The determinate of (non singular matrix) A must be equal to ±1.
Convert the resultant, the encrypted message matrix in to a text message of length L and that will be send to the receiver
Decryption
Receiver can form a matrix with the encrypted message.
Multiply the encoded matrix X with 퐴^(−1) to get back the message matrix M.
Encryption and decryption require the use of some secret information usually referred as a key.
This first matrix , used by sender is called the encryption matrix (encoding matrix) and its inverse is called decryption matrix (decoding matrix) , which is used by the receiver.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Low Power FPGA Based Elliptical Curve CryptographyIOSR Journals
Cryptography is the study of techniques for ensuring the secrecy and authentication of the
information. The development of public-key cryptography is the greatest and perhaps the only true revolution in
the entire history of cryptography. Elliptic Curve Cryptography is one of the public-key cryptosystem showing
up in standardization efforts, including the IEEE P1363 Standard. The principal attraction of elliptic curve
cryptography compared to RSA is that it offers equal security for a smaller key-size, thereby reducing the
processing overhead. As a Public-Key Cryptosystem, ECC has many advantages such as fast speed, high
security and short key. It is suitable for the hardware of implementation, so ECC has been more and more
focused in recent years. The hardware implementation of ECC on FPGA uses the arithmetic unit that has small
area, small storage unit and fast speed, and it is an extremely suitable system which has limited computation
ability and storage space.[1][2] The modular arithmetic division operations are carried out using conditional
successive subtractions, thereby reducing the area. The system is implemented on Vertex-Pro XCV1000 FPGA
New Technique Using Multiple Symmetric keys for Multilevel EncryptionIJERA Editor
In a world of accelerating communications, cryptography has become an essential component of the modern
means of communication systems. The emergence of the webas a reliable medium for commerce and
communication has made cryptography an essential component. Many algorithms or ciphers are in use
nowadays. The quality of the cipher is judged byits ability to prevent an unrelated party fromknowingthe
original content of the encrypted message. The proposed “Multilevel Encryption Model” is a cryptosystem that
adopts the basic principles of cryptography. It uses five symmetric keys (multiple)
in floating point numbers, plaintext, substitution techniques and key combinations with unintelligible
sequence to produce the ciphertext. The decryption process is also designed to reproduce the plaintext
Random numo Galois Field
Polynomial Arithmetic
Example of Polynomial Arithmetic
bers, its types and usage.
TRNG, PRNG, CHPRNG
Review of BBS
Stream Ciphering
RC4 algorithm
Basic Number Theory
Extended Euclidean Algorithm
Relevance of Extended Euclidean Algorithm
Design and Implementation of a Secure Communication Protocol IJECEIAES
The main object of this paper is to present a mutual authentication protocol that guarantees security, integrity and authenticity of messages, transferred over a network system. In this paper a symmetric key cryptosystem, that satisfies all the above requirements, is developed using theorems of J.R. Chen, I.M. Vinogradov and Fermat and the decimal expansion of an irrational number.
A NEW ALGORITHM TO CONSTRUCT S-BOXES WITH HIGH DIFFUSIONijscmcj
In this paper is proposed a new algorithm to construct S-Boxes over GF(28) with Branch Number value at least 3. This is an important property that guarantees a high diusion in the S-Box [12]. Also are introduced some defnition and properties that show the be- havior of S-Boxes under the composition with affine functions. Finally is presented a comparision between this algorithm and the method pro-posed by Tavares [12].
Elliptic curve cryptography is additional powerful than different methodology that gains countless attention within the industry and plays vital role within the world of CRYPTOGRAPHY. This paper explains the strategy of elliptic curve cryptography victimization matrix scrambling method. during this methodology of cryptography we have a tendency to initial rework the plain text to elliptic curve so victimization matrix scrambling methodology we have a tendency to encrypt/decrypt the message. This method keeps information safe from unwanted attack to our information.
A SURVEY ON ELLIPTIC CURVE DIGITAL SIGNATURE ALGORITHM AND ITS VARIANTScsandit
The Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) is an elliptic curve variant of the
Digital Signature Algorithm (DSA). It gives cryptographically strong digital signatures making
use of Elliptic curve discrete logarithmic problem. It uses arithmetic with much smaller
numbers 160/256 bits instead of 1024/2048 bits in RSA and DSA and provides the same level of
security. The ECDSA was accepted in 1999 as an ANSI standard, and was accepted in 2000 as
IEEE and NIST standards. It was also accepted in 1998 as an ISO standard. Many cryptologist
have studied security aspects of ECDSA and proposed different variants. In this paper, we
discuss a detailed analysis of the original ECDSA and all its available variants in terms of the
security level and execution time of all the phases. To the best of our knowledge, this is a unique
attempt to juxtapose and compare the ECDSA with all of its variants.
What is the view that you wake up to in the morning? Is it the garden? Is it a sunrise view? Or is it just the sight of the people you love? Most of us wake up to the same view every morning – a view that heralds the start of our day and helps us greet the day with a smile. A good start to the day, after all, is about waking up in familiar surroundings. Shiv Prabhakar wakes up to one such view every morning – the view of his carefully cultivated garden.
Germs have a peculiar way of sneaking into our body parts and causing infections. Therefore, taking a regular bath is not enough to maintain a hygienic body. Some extra care has to be taken especially for certain body parts.
Have a business in the Omaha/Council Bluffs metro area? Would you like to provide flu shots for your employees? If you can guarantee us 20 vaccinations, we will bring the flu clinic to you at no charge. Check out this presentation I gave to the Council Bluffs Business Connection.
Analysis of Media Graphs and Significant SenseAM Publications
This paper discusses aspects of interpretation of graphs including those related to the interface between
different contexts of interpretation. Particularly it is discussed the notion of Critical Sense as a skill to analyse data its
interrelations rather than simply accepting the initial impression given by the graph. We suggest that Critical Sense in
graphing can help readers to balance several aspects involved interpretation of media graphs in certain contexts. This
paper also presents initial findings from our analyses of study with student teachers interpreting media graphs. We
are concerned to study Critical Sense in student teachers as a way of helping us, and them, think about teaching and
learning graphing in ways that will support the development of Critical Sense.
Cosmic Adventure Episode 2.04 Where did these equations come from?Stephen Kwong
Maxwell made a clever suggestion to detect the presence of the aether which formed the model basis of the Michelson and Morley experiment. The excalibur was inserted into the stone.
A novel block cipher involving keys in a key bunch matrix as powers of the pl...eSAT Journals
Abstract In this analysis, we have developed an asymmetric block cipher which is involving a key bunch matrix A ( = [aij]) in the process of encryption, and B ( = [bij]) in the process of decryption. The keys aij are used as powers of the plaintext elements, and the keys bij are used as the powers of the ciphertext elements. Here, we have made use of Euler’s totient function and Euler’s theorem in the development of the cipher. The cryptanalysis clearly shows that the strength of the cipher is quite significant. Keywords: Encryption, Decryption, Key, Plaintext, Cipher text and Cryptanalysis.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Symmetric Key Generation Algorithm in Linear Block Cipher Over LU Decompositi...ijtsrd
In symmetric key algorithm in linear block cipher to encrypt and decrypt the messages using matrix and inverse matrix. In this proposed technique generate lower and upper triangular matrices from the square matrix using decomposition. In encryption process, the key is a lower triangular matrix and decryption process, the key is upper triangular matrix under modulation of the prime number. We illustrate the proposed technique with help of examples. P.Sundarayya | M.G.Vara Prasad"Symmetric Key Generation Algorithm in Linear Block Cipher Over LU Decomposition Method " Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-4 , June 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd90.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/computer-security/90/symmetric-key-generation-algorithm-in--linear-block-cipher-over-lu-decomposition-method--/psundarayya-
AUTHENTICATED PUBLIC KEY ENCRYPTION SCHEME USING ELLIPTIC CURVE CRYPTOGRAPHYijujournal
Secure transformation of data is of prime importance in today’s world. In the present paper, we propose a
double fold authenticated public key encryption scheme which helps us in securely sending the confidential
data between sender and receiver. This scheme makes the encrypted data more secure against various
cryptographic attacks.
AUTHENTICATED PUBLIC KEY ENCRYPTION SCHEME USING ELLIPTIC CURVE CRYPTOGRAPHYijujournal
Secure transformation of data is of prime importance in today’s world. In the present paper, we propose a
double fold authenticated public key encryption scheme which helps us in securely sending the confidential data between sender and receiver. This scheme makes the encrypted data more secure against various
cryptographic attacks.
This paper provides an overview of the RSA algorithm, exploring the foundations and mathematics in detail. It then uses this base information to explore issues with the RSA algorithm that detract from the algorithms security.
PEC - AN ALTERNATE AND MORE EFFICIENT PUBLIC KEY CRYPTOSYSTEMijcisjournal
In an increasingly connected world, security is a top concern for Internet of Things (IoT). These IoT devices have to
be inexpensive implying that they will be constrained in storage and computing resources. In order to secure such
devices, highly efficient public key cryptosystems (PKC) are critical. Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) is the most
commonly implemented PKC in use today. In this paper, an alternate and a more efficient PKC, called the PEC (Pells
Equation Cryptography) has been proposed based on Pells equation: x
2 − D ∗ y
2 ≡ 1 (mod p). It is shown that scalar
multiplication in PEC is significantly more efficient compared to ECC. It is also shown that the Discrete Logarithm
Problem - computing the private key from the public key - in PEC is at least as hard as that of ECC.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals,
yahoo journals, bing journals, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, google journals, hard copy of journal
New Digital Signature Protocol Based on Elliptic Curvesijcisjournal
In this work, a new digital signature based on elliptic curves is presented. We established its efficiency and
security. The method, derived from a variant of ElGamal signature scheme, can be seen as a secure alternative protocol if known systems are completely broken.
Performance evaluation of modified modular exponentiation for rsa algorithmeSAT Journals
Abstract
Authentication is a very important application of public-key cryptography. Cryptographic algorithms make use of secret keys
known to send and receive information. When the keys are known the encryption / decryption process is an easy task, however
decryption will be impossible without knowing the correct key. The shared public key is managed by the sender, to produce a
message authentication code (MAC) for every transmitted message. There are many algorithms to enable security for message
authentication (secret key). RSA is one such best algorithm for public key based message authentication approaches. But it takes
more time for encryption and/or decryption process, when it has large key length. This research work evaluates the performance
of RSA algorithm with modified modular exponentiation technique for message authentication. As a result modified modular
exponent based RSA algorithm reduces execution time for encryption and decryption process.
Key Words: Cryptography, Message authentication, RSA, Modular Exponentiation.
Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) provides a secure
means of key exchange between communicating nodes using the
Diffie-Hellman (DH) Key Exchange algorithm. This work
presents an ECC encryption implementation using of the DH
key exchange algorithm. Both encryption and decryption of text
messages using this algorithm, have been attempted. In ECC,
encoding is carried out by mapping a message character to an
affine point on an elliptic curve. It can be observed from the
comparison of the proposed algorithm and Koblitz’s encoding
method, that the proposed algorithm is as secure as Koblitz’s
encoding method and the proposed algorithm has less
computational complexity as the encoding phase is eliminated
altogether. Hence, energy efficiency of the crypto system is
improved and the same can be used in resource constrained
applications, such as Wireless sensor networks (WSNs). It is
almost infeasible to attempt a brute force attack. The security
strength of the algorithm is proportional to the key length.
However, any increase in the key length results in more
communication overhead due to encryption.
Design a cryptosystem using elliptic curves cryptography and Vigenère symmetr...IJECEIAES
In this paper describes the basic idea of elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) as well as Vigenère symmetry key. Elliptic curve arithmetic can be used to develop elliptic curve coding schemes, including key exchange, encryption, and digital signature. The main attraction of elliptic curve cryptography compared to Rivest, Shamir, Adleman (RSA) is that it provides equivalent security for a smaller key size, which reduces processing costs. From the theorical basic, we proposed a cryptosystem using elliptic curves and Vigenère cryptography. We proposed and implemented our encryption algorithm in an integrated development environment named visual studio 2019 to design a safe, secure, and effective cryptosystem.
Symmetric Key based Encryption and Decryption using Lissajous Curve EquationsIJECEIAES
Sender and receiver both uses two large similar prime numbers and uses parametric equations for swapping values of kx and by product of kx and ky is the common secret key. Generated secret key is used for encryption and decryption using ASCII key matrix of order 16X16. Applying playfair rules for encryption and decryption. Playfair is a digraph substitution cipher. Playfair makes use of pairs of letters for encryption and decryption. This application makes use of all ASCII characters which makes brute force attack impossible.
Similar to ENCRYPTION USING LESTER HILL CIPHER ALGORITHM (20)
DEVELOPMENT OF TODDLER FAMILY CADRE TRAINING BASED ON ANDROID APPLICATIONS IN...AM Publications
Toddler family cadre is a community members work voluntarily in fostering and providing information to parents of toddlers about how to properly care for children. Toddler Family cadre desperately need training to increase their skills. There are still a few Toddler family cadres who get training so that the knowledge and skills of parents and other family members in developing toddlers' growth through physical stimulation, motoric intelligence, emotional and social economy as well as possible are still lacking. The purpose of this study is to develop an Android- assisted Toddler family cadre training model in Demak. This research is research in tian research and development. The research location was in Demak Regency. Toddler family cadres became the object of this research. Development of Toddler family cadre training models assisted by Android in Demak is feasible to be used as an effort to improve Toddler Family cadres' capabilities.
TESTING OF COMPOSITE ON DROP-WEIGHT IMPACT TESTING AND DAMAGE IDENTIFICATION ...AM Publications
In recent years the use of composite materials in structural components has become increasingly common in a wide range of engineering applications. Composite materials offer numerous advantages over more conventional materials because of their superior specific properties, but a serious obstacle to a more widespread use of these materials is their high sensitivity to localized impact loading. This paper presents an experimental study to assess the impact response of drop weight impact tests on fiber reinforced polymer composites with deferent load and damage identification of composite using Non-destructive testing techniques ultrasonic testing (UT) C scan. In the study includes checking the strength of the specimen, plotting of graphs between the height and the impact energy obtained and tabulating the results after conducting the various functional tests.
THE USE OF FRACTAL GEOMETRY IN TILING MOTIF DESIGNAM Publications
In this paper I will present the use of fractal geometry to design tile motifs. A fractal is a geometric figure that combines the several characteristics among others: its parts have the same form as the whole, fragmented, and formation by iteration. The concept of fractals has been spread over all fields of sciences, technology, and art. This paper aims to provide an algorithm to creating motifs of tile algorithm for create the tile motif consists of base, iteration, coloration and duplication. In order to help the reader better understand the algorithm, I will present some script using Matlab. We describe a mathematically based algorithm that can fill a spatial region with sequence of randomly placed which may be transformed copies of one motif or several motifs. By using this algorithm, I can produce thousand variety of aesthetically pleasing tile motifs, of which we show a number of examples.
TWO-DIMENSIONAL INVERSION FINITE ELEMENT MODELING OF MAGNETOTELLURIC DATA: CA...AM Publications
Two-dimensional resistivity analysis of magnetotelluric data has been done at “Z” geothermal area which is located in southern part of Indonesia. The objective is to understand subsurface structure beneath reasearch area based on 2-D modeling of magnetotelluric data. The inversion finite element method were used for numerical simulations which requires discretization on the boundary of the modeling domain. The modeling results of magnetotelluric data shows relativity structure dissemination: 0-10 ohm.m in a thickness of 1 km (Clay Cap), 10-100 ohm.m with 1-2 km depth respectively (reservoir zone), and on a scale of 100-1000 ohm.m in a depth of 2-3 km (heat source zone). The result of relativity structure can be used to delineate an area with geothermal prospect around 12 km2.
USING THE GENETIC ALGORITHM TO OPTIMIZE LASER WELDING PARAMETERS FOR MARTENSI...AM Publications
To achieve the pre-set welding size, this paper presents the optimization of the constrained overlap laser welding input parameters for AISI 416 and AISI 440FSe stainless, thickness 0.5 mm. In this study, the proposed optimization algorithm is the Genetic Algorithm (GA). After training 10 times for 30 NP (population size), each training repeated 200 times, the results achieved as expected. The error is compared with the result of the affirmation experiment not exceeding 5%.
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN E-MARKETPLACE FOR MICRO, SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISESAM Publications
The Ministry of Cooperatives and Small and Medium Enterprises launched in 2018 the number of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia as many as 58.97 million people. It is predicted that the number of MSMEs players in 2019 will amount to 59.2 million. This shows that the Indonesian people have made changes in the field of family economics which initially as consumptive are now productive. The community prefers to carry out activities that can increase family income. Future MSMEs remain the mainstay of the national economy. In accordance with the government roadmap, in 2020 e-commerce transactions are predicted to reach Rp1,300 trillion or equivalent to USD130 billion. According to data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), the contribution of MSMEs to Indonesia's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) reached 61.41%, with the number of MSMEs reaching almost 60 million units. However, only around 8% or 3.79 million of the 59.2 million MSMEs players have used online platforms to market their products. Based on the above problems, researchers conducted research on the analysis and display of E-Marketplace for MSMEs in Indonesia. The type of research used is action research. The object of research is MSMEs which are under the Office of Industry and Trade of Sragen Regency. The method of data collection is by techniques: (1) interview, (2) documentation (3) observation, (4) literature study. The researcher uses the waterfall method in developing the system. The research team has successfully analyzed the E-Market place according to the results of data collection. The research team has succeeded in designing the E-Marketplace for MSMEs. E-Marketplace designed can be used by admin, MSME and user. Admin is in charge of managing E-Marketplace and has full access rights. MSMEs can register online and manage their products in E-Marketplace. Users or buyers can search data in E-Marketplace as desired. To make transactions, users can interact directly with MSMEs according to the data provided in E-Marketplace. E-Marketplace can be used for marketing together MSMEs products. This e-marketplace can be accessed at www.umkmonline.com
REMOTE SENSING AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS AM Publications
Remote sensing technology's increasing accessibility helps us observe research and learn about our globe in ways we could only imagine a generation ago. Guides to profound knowledge of historical, conceptual and practical uses of remote sensing which is increasing GIS technology. This paper will go briefly through remote sensing benefits, history, technology and the GIS and remote sensing integration and their applications. Remote sensing (RS) is used in mapping the predicted and actual species and dominates the ecosystem canopy.
EVALUATE THE STRAIN ENERGY ERROR FOR THE LASER WELD BY THE H-REFINEMENT OF TH...AM Publications
Currently, the finite element method (FEM) is still one of the useful tools in numerical simulation for technical problems. With this method, a continuum model presented by a certain number of elements with a simple approximation field causes the presence of discretization error in solutions. This paper considers the butt weld by laser which subjected the tension for AISI 1018 steel highness 8 mm. The aim of the study is to use the h-refinement of the FEM in estimation the strain energy error for the laser weld mentioned. The results show that the stability of the h-refinement shown by the value of the relative error of the strain energy is quite small, specifically; FEM is less than 5.7% and extra is no more than 3.7%.
HMM APPLICATION IN ISOLATED WORD SPEECH RECOGNITIONAM Publications
Speech recognition is always being an all-time trendy topic for discussion and also for researches and we see a major application in our life. This paper provides the work done on the application of Hidden Markov model to implement isolated word speech recognition on MATLAB and to develop and train the system for set of self-selective words for specific user (user dependent) to get maximum efficiency in word recognition system. Which uses the forward and Baum-welch algorithm and fitting Gaussian of the Baum-welch algorithm for all the iteration perform. We use a sample of 7 alphabets which are recorded in 15 different ways giving total of 105 word to use for training with each word with 15 variations. This system can be used in real world in system security using voice security system and mainly for children and impaired people.
PEDESTRIAN DETECTION IN LOW RESOLUTION VIDEOS USING A MULTI-FRAME HOG-BASED D...AM Publications
Detecting pedestrians in low resolution videos is a challenging task, due to the small size of pedestrians in the images and the limited information. In practical outdoor surveillance scenarios the pedestrian size is usually small. Existing state-of-the-art pedestrian detection methods that use histogram of oriented gradient (HOG) features have poor performance in this problem domain. To compensate for the lack of information in a single frame, we propose a novel detection method that recognizes pedestrians in a short sequence of frames. Namely, we take the single-frame HOG-based detector and extend it to multiple frames. Our detector is applied to regions containing potential moving objects. In the case of video taken from a moving camera on an aerial platform, video stabilization is first performed to register the frames. A classifier is then applied to features extracted from spatio-temporal volumes surrounding the potential moving objects. On challenging stationary and aerial video datasets, our detection accuracy outperforms several state-of-the-art algorithms.
The aim of this paper is to help the blind people to identify and catch the public transport vehicles with the help of Light Fidelity technology. It is a Navigation aid. When the bus arrives at the bus stand, transmitter in the bus transmits the light signals and receiver in the stick, receives the light signals and a sound signal is generated through the speaker present in the stick. The sound message contains the bus number and the destination of the bus. In addition to this, if the person is absconded or lost, details of the location will be sent to his/her family members by pressing a button. This is made possible with the help of Global System for Mobile (GSM). Finally, presence of water can be detected along the blind person’s path, with the help of water sensors.
EFFECT OF SILICON - RUBBER (SR) SHEETS AS AN ALTERNATIVE FILTER ON HIGH AND L...AM Publications
A digital radiography delivers a radiation dose to patients; therefore it poses potential risk to the patients. One effort to reduce dose is carried out using a radiation filter, e.g. Silicone Rubber (SR) sheet. The purpose of this research was to determine the impact of the SR sheet on the high contrast objects (HCO) and the low contrast objects (LCO). The dose reduction was determined from attenuation x-rays before and after using the SR sheet. Assessment of HCO and LCO was observed from CDR TOR phantom at tube voltage of 48 kVp and tube current of 8 mAs. The physical parameter to assess image quality was the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) value in LCO. The maximum x-ray attenuation using the SR sheet is 48.82%. The visibility of the HCO remains the same, namely 16 objects; however the LCO slighly decreases from 14 objects to 13 objects after using the SR sheet. The SNR value decreases with an average value of 15.17%.Therefore, the SR sheet as a alternative filter has no effect on the HCO and has realtively little effect on the LCO. Thus, the SR sheet potentially is used for radiation protection in patients, especially on examinations that do not require low contrast resolution.
UTILIZATION OF IMMUNIZATION SERVICES AMONG CHILDREN UNDER FIVE YEARS OF AGE I...AM Publications
Immunization is the key strategy to curb communicable diseases which are the number one killer of children under five. Immunization prevents mortalities of approximating three million children under five annually. This study aimed to assess utilization of immunization services among children under five of age in Kirinyaga County, Kenya.
REPRESENTATION OF THE BLOCK DATA ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM IN AN ANALYTICAL FORM F...AM Publications
The article presents the study of cryptographic transformations of the Kuznyechik algorithm in relation to differential analysis and the translation of their representations into a more convenient form for cryptanalysis. A simplification of the type of transformations of the algorithm to algebraic the form, in which cryptanalysis software will be more effective. Since the description of the algorithm in the analytical form allows for 16 cycles of execution of the shift register with linear feedback, each of which will be carried out 16 operations of multiplication and 15 operations of addition, reduced to 16 multiplying and 15 the operations of addition. The result is an algebraic form of a linear transformation (from a shift register with linear feedback to the multiplication of the matrix in a finite field). In the future, the algebraic type of transformation can be used to effectively carry out differential cryptanalysis.
Optical character recognition (OCR) is process of classification of optical patterns contained in a digital image. The process of OCR Recognition involves several steps including pre-processing, segmentation, feature extraction, classification. Pre-processing is for done the basic operation on input image like noise reduction which remove the noisy signal from image. Segmentation stage for segment the given image into line by line and segment each character from segmented line. Future extraction calculates the characteristics of character. A Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) is used to classification contains the database and does the comparison.
Surveillance refers to the task of observing a scene, often for lengthy periods in search of particular objects or particular behaviour. This task has many applications, foremost among them is security (monitoring for undesirable behaviour such as theft or vandalism), but increasing numbers of others in areas such as agriculture also exist. Historically, closed circuit TV (CCTV) surveillance has been mundane and labour Intensive, involving personnel scanning multiple screens, but the advent of reasonably priced fast hardware means that automatic surveillance is becoming a realistic task to attempt in real time. Several attempts at this are underway.
SIMULATION OF ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTANTS DISPERSION IN AN URBAN ENVIRONMENTAM Publications
Interest in air pollution investigation of urban environment due to existence of industrial and commercial activities along with vehicular emission and existence of buildings and streets which setup natural barrier for pollutant dispersion in the urban environment has increased. The air pollution modelling is a multidisciplinary subject when the entire cities are taken under consideration where urban planning and geometries are complex which needs a large software packages to be developed like Operational Street Pollution Model (OSPM), California Line Source model (CALINE series) etc. On overviewing various works it can be summarized that the air pollutant dispersion in urban street canyons and all linked phenomenon such as wind flow, pollutant concentrations, temperature distribution etc. generally depend on wind speed and direction, building heights and density, road width, source and intensity of air pollution, meteorological variables like temperature, humidity etc. A unique and surprising case is observed every time on numerous combinations of these factors. The main aim of this study is to simulate the atmospheric pollutant dispersion for given pollutant like carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide and given atmospheric conditions like wind speed and direction. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation for analysing the atmospheric pollutant dispersion is done after natural airflow analysis. Volume rendering is done for variables such as phase 2 volume fraction and velocity with resolution as 250 pixels per inch and transparency as 20%. It can be observed that all the three pollutant namely nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide the phase 2 volume fraction changes from 0 to 1. The wind velocity changes from 3.395×10-13 m/s to 1.692×102 m/s. The dispersion of pollutants follow the sequence Sulphur dioxide>Carbon monoxide>Nitrogen dioxide.
PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF WOOL KERATIN BASED CHITOSAN NANOFIBERS FOR AIR ...AM Publications
In this article, we have extracted keratin from deccani wool waste and prepared the wool keratin based Chitosan nanofibers by electrospinning technique. The prepared nanofibers mat were prepared with different weight percent ratio like 1wt.%, 3wt.% and 5wt.% with respect to polymer i.e Chitosan. The physicochemical and filtration properties of wool keratin based Chitosan nanofibers were studied. Wool keratin based Chitosan nanofibers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The filtration efficiency of keratin Chitosan nanofibers were investigated through DOP test and heavy metal removal capacity of evaluated through Atomic absorption spectroscopy. FTIR results were showed that Keratin gets compatible with Chitosan. XRD patterns revealed keratin was in crystalline nature and increase the crystalline nature of Chitosan nanofibers. FESEM images showed that uniform nanofibers generation with average fiber diameter 80nm. Nanofibers filtration efficiency against a particulate matter in air was obtained more than 99.53% and excellent property of removal of heavy metal.
ANALYSIS ON LOAD BALANCING ALGORITHMS IMPLEMENTATION ON CLOUD COMPUTING ENVIR...AM Publications
Cloud computing means storing and accessing data and programs over the Internet instead of your computer's hard drive. The cloud is just a metaphor for the Internet. The elements involved in cloud computing are clients, data center and distributed server. One of the main problems in cloud computing is load balancing. Balancing the load means to distribute the workload among several nodes evenly so that no single node will be overloaded. Load can be of any type that is it can be CPU load, memory capacity or network load. In this paper we presented an architecture of load balancing and algorithm which will further improve the load balancing problem by minimizing the response time. In this paper, we have proposed the enhanced version of existing regulated load balancing approach for cloud computing by comping the Randomization and greedy load balancing algorithm. To check the performance of proposed approach, we have used the cloud analyst simulator (Cloud Analyst). Through simulation analysis, it has been found that proposed improved version of regulated load balancing approach has shown better performance in terms of cost, response time and data processing time.
A MODEL BASED APPROACH FOR IMPLEMENTING WLAN SECURITY AM Publications
This paper presents various security features and configurations commonly implemented in WLANs and their aggregated security levels and then proposes a model that enables implementation and evaluation of WLAN security
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)ClaraZara1
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of on Machine Learning & Applications.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
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Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.