An embedded system can be thought of as a computer hardware system having software embedded in it. It is a microcontroller or microprocessor based system which is designed to perform a specific task. An embedded system has hardware, application software, and a real-time operating system (RTOS) that supervises the application software and provides mechanisms to control latencies according to a fixed plan. Embedded systems are single-functioned, tightly constrained, reactive, real-time systems based on microprocessors with limited memory that are connected and combine both hardware and software.
Presents features of ARM Processors, ARM architecture variants and Processor families. Further presents, ARM v4T architecture, ARM7-TDMI processor: Register organization, pipelining, modes, exception handling, bus architecture, debug architecture and interface signals.
EDLC-EMBEDDED PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLESabeel Irshad
Embedded Product Development Life Cycle (Let us call it as EDLC, though it is not a standard and universal term) is an 'Analysis -Design -Implementation' based standard problem solving approach for Embedded Product Development. In any product development application, the first and foremost step is to figure out what product needs to be developed (analysis), next you need to figure out a good approach for building it (design) and last but not least you need to develop it (implementation).
Presents features of ARM Processors, ARM architecture variants and Processor families. Further presents, ARM v4T architecture, ARM7-TDMI processor: Register organization, pipelining, modes, exception handling, bus architecture, debug architecture and interface signals.
EDLC-EMBEDDED PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLESabeel Irshad
Embedded Product Development Life Cycle (Let us call it as EDLC, though it is not a standard and universal term) is an 'Analysis -Design -Implementation' based standard problem solving approach for Embedded Product Development. In any product development application, the first and foremost step is to figure out what product needs to be developed (analysis), next you need to figure out a good approach for building it (design) and last but not least you need to develop it (implementation).
Communication protocols in Embedded Systems. This presentation focused mainly on lower level protocols. Ideal for the beginner to build understanding on these protocols like I2C, USB, SPI etc.
This Presentation describes the ARM CORTEX M3 core processor with the details of the core peripherals. Soon a CORTEX base controller(STM32F100RBT6) ppt will be uploaded. For more information mail me at:gaurav.iitkg@gmail.com.
Arm Processor Based Speed Control Of BLDC MotorUday Wankar
The project is designed to control the speed of a DC motor using an ARM series processor. The speed of DC motor is directly proportional to the voltage applied across its terminals. Hence, if voltage across motor terminal is varied, then speed can also be varied. This project uses the above principle to control the speed of the motor by varying the duty cycle of the pulse applied to it (popularly known as PWM control). The project uses input button interfaced to the processor, which are used to control the speed of motor. PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) is generated at the output by the microcontroller as per the program. The program is written in Embedded C. The average voltage given or the average current flowing through the motor will change depending on the duty cycle (ON and OFF time of the pulses), so the speed of the motor will change. A motor driver IC is interfaced to the STM32 board for receiving PWM signals and delivering desired output for speed control of a small DC motor. Further the project can be enhanced by using power electronic devices such as IGBTs to achieve speed control higher capacity industrial motors.
In this ppt you will learn about the various memory and its types inside the computer. The ppt also describes an analogy for your better understanding. Hope it will be fun learning.
Communication protocols in Embedded Systems. This presentation focused mainly on lower level protocols. Ideal for the beginner to build understanding on these protocols like I2C, USB, SPI etc.
This Presentation describes the ARM CORTEX M3 core processor with the details of the core peripherals. Soon a CORTEX base controller(STM32F100RBT6) ppt will be uploaded. For more information mail me at:gaurav.iitkg@gmail.com.
Arm Processor Based Speed Control Of BLDC MotorUday Wankar
The project is designed to control the speed of a DC motor using an ARM series processor. The speed of DC motor is directly proportional to the voltage applied across its terminals. Hence, if voltage across motor terminal is varied, then speed can also be varied. This project uses the above principle to control the speed of the motor by varying the duty cycle of the pulse applied to it (popularly known as PWM control). The project uses input button interfaced to the processor, which are used to control the speed of motor. PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) is generated at the output by the microcontroller as per the program. The program is written in Embedded C. The average voltage given or the average current flowing through the motor will change depending on the duty cycle (ON and OFF time of the pulses), so the speed of the motor will change. A motor driver IC is interfaced to the STM32 board for receiving PWM signals and delivering desired output for speed control of a small DC motor. Further the project can be enhanced by using power electronic devices such as IGBTs to achieve speed control higher capacity industrial motors.
In this ppt you will learn about the various memory and its types inside the computer. The ppt also describes an analogy for your better understanding. Hope it will be fun learning.
RTOS based Confidential Area Security Systemajinky gadewar
Project is about to provide security system for confidential area security system.
It uses ARM LPC-1768 as microcontroller and Micro-Controller Operating System as a RTOS. Project consists of identity module as RFID, Fingerprint Scan and numbered password. It also uses different sensors.
For Students & whose Interested In Embedded Systems & Embedded Technology Starting Topics of "What is embedded System and its Applications And Embedded Systems Introduction & Differentness Types of Embedded Operating Systems.
For Students & whose Interested In Embedded Systems & Embedded Technology Starting Topics of "What is embedded System and its Applications And Embedded Systems Introduction & Differentness Types of Embedded Operating Systems.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
2. System
A system is an arrangement in which all its unit assemble
work together according to a set of rules. It can also be
defined as a way of working, organizing or doing one or many
tasks according to a fixed plan.
Its components follow a set of rules to show time. If one of its
parts fails, the watch will stop working. So we can say, in a
system, all its subcomponents depend on each other.
3. Embedded System
•An embedded system can be thought of as a computer
hardware system having software embedded in it.
•An embedded system can be an independent system or it
can be a part of a large system.
•An embedded system is a microcontroller or microprocessor
based system which is designed to perform a specific task.
An embedded system has three components:
•It has hardware.
•It has application software.
•It has Real Time Operating system (RTOS) that supervises
the application software and provide mechanism to let the
processor run a process as per scheduling by following a plan
to control the latencies.
5. Characteristics of an Embedded System
Single-functioned
Tightly constrained
Reactive and Real time
Microprocessors based
Memory
Connected
HW-SW systems
Advantages
Easily Customizable
Low power consumption
Low cost
Enhanced performance
Disadvantages
High development effort
Larger time to market
6. •Open source provides a path to use or develop hardware and software that has
been created by thousands of contributors around the world.
• Embedded target boards are either open source or proprietary
• There are many points to be considered while choosing open source, some of
which are as follows:
Open Source Nature
Protection
Availability
•There are dozens of Open Source Embedded Platforms in market-
1 Raspberry Pi 3 B+
•The Raspberry Pi development board is a small pocket-sized computer running
the Raspbian operating system, which is a variant of Debian Linux.
•It is a low-cost embedded board with high reliability.
•It supports various on-board peripherals like I2C, SPI, an HDMI interface, a
Camera interface, a UART interface, and SDIO (Secure digital input output) for a
SD card interface.
•The board comes up with software APIs and routines for application
programming.
•It also has OTG (On the Go programming) for USB applications.
Open Source Embedded Platforms
7. 2 Intel Galileo Gen 2
The Galileo development board comes from Intel and features an Intel Quark SoC X1000
processor. It is designed using Pentium technology. The advantage of this board is it is
compatible with shields for the Arduino Uno R3.
3 Arduino Mega 2560
The board features an 8-bit ATmega2560 microcontroller running at 16MHz. It has 54
digital Input/output pins and 16 analog inputs. The board has four UARTs and can be
programmed using the Arduino IDE. It is also compatible with other variants of Arduino
shields.
4 Odroid-C2
The ODROID-C2 is a 64-bit quad-core (SBC) that is suitable for applications like
multimedia, gaming, and consumer electronics. It can also work as a standalone
computer with available open source software packages.
5 PandaBoard
The PandaBoard is a low-power, low-cost development board based on TI's OMAP4460
(Open media application platform). This board supports operating systems like
Windows, Linux, Window CE, Palm OS, and Symbian.
Etc are the open source Embedded Platforms .
8. Benefits Of Being Open-source
•Low cost due
•Many pre-written example software modules
•A range of hardware boards, which have been proven in
thousands of projects, to get you started.
•A fantastic community of other users posting ideas and
examples for you to use.
9. •Sensor is a device that when exposed to a physical phenomenon
(temperature, displacement, force, etc.) produces a proportional output signal
(electrical, mechanical, magnetic, etc.).
•The term transducer is often used synonymously with sensors. However,
ideally, a sensor is a device that responds to a change in the physical
phenomenon. On the other hand, a transducer is a device that converts one
form of energy into another form of energy.
•Sensors are transducers when they sense one form of energy input and
output in a different form of energy
•Linear and Rotational Sensors
•Acceleration Sensors
•Force, Torque, and Pressure Sensors
•Flow Sensors
•Temperature Sensors
• Proximity Sensors
•Light Sensors
Sensor
10. •Actuators are basically the muscle behind a mechatronics system that
accepts a control command (mostly in the form of an electrical signal) and
produces a change in the physical system by generating force, motion,
heat, flow, etc.
•The actuators are used in conjunction with the power supply and a coupling
mechanism
•The power unit provides either AC or DC power at the rated voltage and
current.
•The coupling mechanism acts as the interface between the actuator and
the physical system. Typical mechanisms include rack and pinion, gear
drive, belt drive, lead screw and nut, piston, and linkages.
Actuators
12. •Analog DASs are used for measurement systems with wide bandwidth. But
the accuracy is less.
• Digital DASs which have high accuracy, low per-channel cost and narrow
bandwidth (slowly varying signal) are designed.
• The transducer translates physical parameters to electrical signals
acceptable by the acquisition system.
•signal conditioner circuit may provide excitation power, balancing circuits and
calibration elements
•The scanner or multiplexer accepts multiple analog inputs and sequentially
connects them to one measuring instrument.
• The signal converter translates the analog signal to a form acceptable by the
analog to digital converter
•The analog to digital converter (ADC) converts the analog voltage to its
equivalent digital form.
•Digital recorder may be preceded by a coupling unit that translates the digital
information to the proper form for entry into particular digital recorder selected.
