For Students & whose Interested In Embedded Systems & Embedded Technology Starting Topics of "What is embedded System and its Applications And Embedded Systems Introduction & Differentness Types of Embedded Operating Systems.

1. EMBEDDED SYSTEMS INTRODUCTION
Discovery Embedded
1
By:Sagar Patel

2. OUT LINE
• Embedded Systems.
• Real time Systems.
• Operating Systems.
Discovery Embedded
2
By:Sagar Patel

3. Embedded System
• An embedded system is combination of
computer hardware and software which is
dedicated to particular application or product.
Embedded system is embedded as a
subsystem in a larger system which may or
may not be a computer system.
•
“Embedded Systems are the electronics systems
that contain a microprocessor or a Mu,but we
do not think as computers-the computer is
hidden or embedded in the systems.”
Discovery Embedded
3
By:Sagar Patel

4. Some Interesting Examples
of Embedded systems:
Discovery Embedded
4
By:Sagar Patel

5. Product: Sonicare
Elite toothbrush.
Microprocessor:8-bit
Has a Programmable
Speed Control ,Timer
&charge gauge.
Discovery Embedded
By:Sagar Patel
5

6. Product: vendo vue
40vending machine
Microprocessor: Two
16-bir Hitachi
H8/300H Processors
A robot hand
dispenses items
Discovery Embedded
By:Sagar Patel
6

7. Product: NASA's Twin
Mars Rovers.
Microprocessor:
Radiation Hardened
20Mhz Power Pc.
Commercial Real-Time OS
Software and OS was
developed during Flight
To mars and
Downloaded using a
Radio link.
Discovery Embedded
7
By:Sagar Patel

8. Product:Rsdiant systems
Point-ofsale(POS)Terminal
Microprocessor: Intel X86
Celeron
Os:windows XP Embedded
Discovery Embedded
8
By:Sagar Patel

9. Product: Dresser Wayne
Ovation iX Gas Pump.
Microprocessor: Marvel
Xscale (ARM)
Os: Windows CE
Display video ads & is
networked to gas station's
back office computer
systemes.also has remote
maintenance features.
Discovery Embedded
9
By:Sagar Patel

10. Product: Bernina Artista
200 Sewing Machine
Microprocessor: Marvel
Strong (ARM)
Os:windows CE
Can Download New
images from the
internet and sew
them.
Discovery Embedded
10
By:Sagar Patel

11. It’s Different
• Single –functioned
-Executes a Signal Program ,Repeatedly
• Tightly-Constrained
-Low Cost,Memory,etc..
-small Size(bytes)
• Low Power
-Battery Power Devices
-Increases systems cost in wall powered devices
Discovery Embedded
11
By:Sagar Patel

12. It’s Different
• Dedicated Systems
-Predefined functionality
-Programmability rarely used
• Reactive
-Continually reacts to change in the system’s
Environment.
Discovery Embedded
12
By:Sagar Patel

13. Discovery Embedded
13
By:Sagar Patel

14. What is a Real-Time Systems?
• A System is called real-time:
-whenever we need to quantitatively express in
order to describe its behavior.
- After temperature exceeds 500 degrees coolant
shower must start within 100m sec.
• characteristics:
-Every real-time task is associated with some time
constraints, Deadline.
-Logical correctness of results and time at which
they are produced.
Discovery Embedded
14
By:Sagar Patel

15. Types Of Real-Time Systems
• A tasks have deadlines associated with them.
• A classification based on consequence of a
failure:
-Hard real-time systems.
-Soft real-time systems.
-Firm real-time systems.
Discovery Embedded
15
By:Sagar Patel

16. Hard Real-Time systems
• If a deadline is not met:
-The systems is said to have failed.
• Many hard real-time system are safety-critical
-Failure can cause severe damage(loss of life)
-No fail-safe state.
- Safety though increased reliability
• Examples:
-Atomic Reactor Control
-Aircraft control
-Medical Equipments
Discovery Embedded
16
By:Sagar Patel

17. Firm real-time systems
• It define is missed occasionally
-systems dose not fail
-result produced by task after deadline are rejected.
- “Late answer are wrong answer.”
Examples:
-video played on computer.
Discovery Embedded
17
By:Sagar Patel

18. Soft Real-time systems
• The usefulness of a result degrades after its deadline,
thereby degrading the system's quality of service.
• Soft real-time systems are typically used where there is
some issue of concurrent access and the need to keep
a number of connected systems up to date with
changing situations.
Examples:
- software that maintains and updates the flight plans
for commercial airliners.
Discovery Embedded
18
By:Sagar Patel

19. Introduction to Embedded System I/O Architectures
Discovery Embedded
19
By:Sagar Patel

20. Discovery Embedded
20
By:Sagar Patel

21. Discovery Embedded
21
By:Sagar Patel

22. Other Classification of ES
• Small Scale Embedded Systems.
– Use single 8 bit or 16 bit microcontroller
– Little hardware and software complexity
– Embedded software IDE is specific to
processor
– Software has to fit in given memory
– Power consumption is limited
22

23. Medium scale embedded system
– Single or few 16 bit, 32 bit microprocessor
– DSP or ARM is used
– Both hardware and software complexities
– C,C++, Visual C++, Java is popular for prog.
23

24. Large scale embedded system
– Enormous hardware and software complexities
– Several processors/controllers are used
– FPGA, DSP, DSC, IP core on VLSI chip, ASIC is
used
– Hardware software or operating systems codesign is required
– Some critical functions are implemented in the
hardware (instead of software) to achieve speed
– Development tools available are costly
– Needs team work for development
Discovery Embedded
24
By:Sagar Patel

25. Operating Systems For Embedded
• Many of the components of the embedded
systems are integrated on to a single chip. This
concept is known as System on Chip (SOC)
design.
Examples : 8051 projects, PIC uc based projects.
Discovery Embedded
25
By:Sagar Patel

26. List of OS for Embedded Systems
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Symbian OS
iOS (a subset of Mac OS X)
Embedded Linux
– Maemo based on Debian deployed on Nokia's Nokia 770, N800 and N810 Internet Tablets.
– MeeGo merger of M
– oblin and Maemo
– webOS from Palm, Inc., later Hewlett-Packard via acquisition, and most recently at LG Electronics through
acquisition from Hewlett-Packard[4]
– OpenZaurus
– Ångström distribution
– Familiar Linux
– Android
Inferno (distributed OS originally from Bell Labs)
PenPoint OS
PEN/GEOS on HP OmniGo 100 and 120
PVOS
Palm OS from Palm, Inc; now spun off as PalmSource
Windows CE, from Microsoft
– Pocket PC from Microsoft, a variant of Windows CE.
– Windows Mobile from Microsoft, a variant of Windows CE.
– Windows Phone from Microsoft,
DIP DOS on Atari Portfolio
MS-DOS on Poqet PC, HP 95LX, HP 100LX, HP 200LX, HP 1000CX, HP OmniGo 700LX
Newton OS on Apple Newton Messagepad
Magic Cap
NetBSD
Plan 9 from Bell Labs
Discovery Embedded
26
By:Sagar Patel

27. Why an OS at all?
• Same reasons why we need one for a
traditional computer.
• Not all services are needed for any device.
Large variety of requirements and
environments:
•Critical applications with high functionality (medical application, space
shuttle,..)
•Critical applications with small functionality (ABS, pace marker…)
•Not very critical applications with varying functionality (PDA,Phone,Smart
Card
microwave often, …)
27

28. Why is a desktop OS not suited?
• Monolithic kernel is too feature reach.
• Monolithic kernel is not modular, fault-tolerant,
configurable, modifiable, … .
• Takes too much space.
• Not power optimized.
• Not designed for mission-critical applications.
Discovery Embedded
28
By:Sagar Patel

29. • Windows XP Embedded.
29

30. Windows 7 Embedded
Discovery Embedded
30
By:Sagar Patel

31. Discovery Embedded
31
By:Sagar Patel

32. QNX 4 RIOS
• The QNX 4 RTOS is developed by QNX Software Systems Ltd.
for the applications in consumer electronics, telecommunications,
automotive systems, medical instrumentation which need high
reliability,
superior performance, sophisticated functionality, and massive
scalability.
• PlatformsIntel 8088, x86, MIPS, PowerPC, SH4,ARM, StrongARM, Xscale
• A number of design innovations were developed for QNX 4 RTOS
to deliver the full performance of the hardware.
Discovery Embedded
32
By:Sagar Patel

33. QNX 4 RIOS
Discovery Embedded
33
By:Sagar Patel

34. Embedded Linux
• Linux has become popular on embedded devices—especially
consumer gadgets, telecom routers and switches, Internet
appliances and automotive applications.
• It is easy to slim down the operating environment by removing
utility programs, tools, and other system services that are not
needed in an embedded environment.
• It is more encouraging that the Linux code is widely available
portable to any processor.
• Linux doesn't require the user to pay license fees or royalties—
particularly important to developers of consumer
electronics, who have narrow margins.
Discovery Embedded
34
By:Sagar Patel

35. Embedded Linux
Discovery Embedded
35
By:Sagar Patel

36. Windows CE
• Windows CE is first introduced in the Handheld PC (H/PC) set of products
in November 1996.
• Microsoft Windows CE (now officially known as Windows Embedded
Compact and previously also known as Windows Embedded CE
• Several advantages for Windows CE includes a subset of the Win32, low
overhead device driver model and built-in power management.
• The application of Windows CE includes consumer electronics like
handheld PC, Auto PC, video game player and digital camera, and
industrial products like barcode reader and programmable logic
controllers.
Discovery Embedded
36
By:Sagar Patel

37. Windows CE
Discovery Embedded
37
By:Sagar Patel

38. Programming language in embedded
•
•
•
•
•
Assembly.
Embedded C.
Embedded Bascom
Java
Embedded Pascal
Discovery Embedded
38
By:Sagar Patel

39. Discovery Embedded
39
By:Sagar Patel