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THEME
The basic idea of the film. 
 MOTIF 
 METAPHOR 
 SYMBOLS
PLOT
The story line; the 
plot of many films 
are very much like 
each other.
SCRIPT
The plot in detail, the 
script arranges events 
in logical order and in 
progressive intensity so 
that less climaxes lead 
up to important ones.
ACTING
Actors and actresses 
should be able to play 
their parts so well that 
they almost become the 
characters they play.
1.PROPER CASTING 
2.SATISFACTORY MAKE-UP 
3.INTELLIGENT UNDERSTANDING 
OF THE ROLE 
4.SKILLFUL PICTURING OF THE 
NECESSARY EMOTIONS 
5.NATURALNESS IN ACTING 
6.SKILLFUL USE OF DIALOGUE 
7.PROPER TIMING 
8.EXPRESSIVENESS OF EYES 
AND MOUTH
SETTING, 
COSTUME AND 
MAKE-UP
SETTING – Conveys an 
immense amount of 
information; setting 
must be authentic that 
they do not distract the 
audience from the 
story.
COSTUMES 
 Reveal class, psychological 
state, self-image 
 suggest delicacy, dignity etc. 
Symbolize something 
 suggest change and transition
MAKE-UP 
 To change the actors’ 
appearance 
To change complete 
realism 
To suggest a typical or 
specific
SOUND
SOUND 
EFFECTS 
– gives a scene a 
feeling of 
authenticity
1.High-pitched sounds – generally produce 
a sense of tension 
2.Low-frequency sounds – used to 
emphasize dignity or solemnity 
3.Loud Sound- tend to be forceful, intense 
and threatening 
4.Quiet Sound – tend to be delicate, 
hesitant and often weak 
5.Fast-Tempo – for greater tension 
6.Off-Screen Sound 
7.Absolute Silence – tends to call attention 
to itself
MUSIC 
– can be both 
real or unreal
SPOKEN LANGUAGE 
- It develops 
characterization, it develops 
dramatic situations, it 
sharpens the 
expressiveness of an 
image.
CINEMATOGRAPHY
1.Close-up 
2.Medium Shot 
3.Long-Shot 
4.Low-Angle Shot 
5.High Angle Shot 
6.Zoom 
7.Freeze 
8.Cut 
9.Fade 
10.Wipe 
11.Pan
LIGHTING 
1.Front Lighting 
2.Back Lighting 
3.Top Lighting 
4.Side Lighting 
5.Bottom Lighting
DIRECTION
A Good Director 
1.A good director must know a good 
story when he sees it 
2.A good director must have an 
interest in the picture he is making 
3.A good director must know what the 
camera can do 
4.A good director must know the art of 
story-telling 
5.A good director must be able to 
convey his ideas to the players

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Elements of film making

  • 1.
  • 3. The basic idea of the film.  MOTIF  METAPHOR  SYMBOLS
  • 5. The story line; the plot of many films are very much like each other.
  • 7. The plot in detail, the script arranges events in logical order and in progressive intensity so that less climaxes lead up to important ones.
  • 9. Actors and actresses should be able to play their parts so well that they almost become the characters they play.
  • 10. 1.PROPER CASTING 2.SATISFACTORY MAKE-UP 3.INTELLIGENT UNDERSTANDING OF THE ROLE 4.SKILLFUL PICTURING OF THE NECESSARY EMOTIONS 5.NATURALNESS IN ACTING 6.SKILLFUL USE OF DIALOGUE 7.PROPER TIMING 8.EXPRESSIVENESS OF EYES AND MOUTH
  • 12. SETTING – Conveys an immense amount of information; setting must be authentic that they do not distract the audience from the story.
  • 13. COSTUMES  Reveal class, psychological state, self-image  suggest delicacy, dignity etc. Symbolize something  suggest change and transition
  • 14. MAKE-UP  To change the actors’ appearance To change complete realism To suggest a typical or specific
  • 15. SOUND
  • 16. SOUND EFFECTS – gives a scene a feeling of authenticity
  • 17. 1.High-pitched sounds – generally produce a sense of tension 2.Low-frequency sounds – used to emphasize dignity or solemnity 3.Loud Sound- tend to be forceful, intense and threatening 4.Quiet Sound – tend to be delicate, hesitant and often weak 5.Fast-Tempo – for greater tension 6.Off-Screen Sound 7.Absolute Silence – tends to call attention to itself
  • 18. MUSIC – can be both real or unreal
  • 19. SPOKEN LANGUAGE - It develops characterization, it develops dramatic situations, it sharpens the expressiveness of an image.
  • 21. 1.Close-up 2.Medium Shot 3.Long-Shot 4.Low-Angle Shot 5.High Angle Shot 6.Zoom 7.Freeze 8.Cut 9.Fade 10.Wipe 11.Pan
  • 22. LIGHTING 1.Front Lighting 2.Back Lighting 3.Top Lighting 4.Side Lighting 5.Bottom Lighting
  • 24. A Good Director 1.A good director must know a good story when he sees it 2.A good director must have an interest in the picture he is making 3.A good director must know what the camera can do 4.A good director must know the art of story-telling 5.A good director must be able to convey his ideas to the players