E.k2.b1 cell membranes
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The cell membrane is a barrier that protects cells and regulates what passes in and out. It is made of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins. Phospholipids are amphipathic molecules with a hydrophobic tail and hydrophilic head. Embedded proteins also have hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions that allow selective permeability. The cell membrane uses passive and active transport. Passive transport relies on diffusion and does not require energy. Active transport, like the sodium-potassium pump, moves molecules against gradients and requires ATP.
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The document discusses cell membranes and their structure and functions. It describes membranes as a fluid mosaic model consisting of a phospholipid bilayer with integral and peripheral membrane proteins. The hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties of phospholipids help maintain membrane structure. Membrane proteins function in hormone binding, enzyme activity, transport, and cell communication. The document defines passive transport mechanisms of diffusion and osmosis, and explains active transport requiring ATP. Vesicles transport materials within cells, and membrane fluidity allows shape change during endocytosis and exocytosis.
2.4 Cell Membrane And Transport
The cell membrane allows the cell to maintain different internal conditions than its external environment. It is semi-permeable, allowing small molecules to pass through via diffusion or channel proteins while preventing the passage of larger molecules and ions. The membrane is made up of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded and associated proteins that transport molecules, act as receptors, and facilitate processes like active transport.
Unit 2-plasma membrane and membrane transport
The document discusses the plasma membrane and membrane transport. It defines the plasma membrane as the outer membrane of the cell composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins. The plasma membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell and maintains the integrity of the cell's interior. Membrane transport involves the passage of solutes through the membrane via passive diffusion or with the aid of transport proteins and can occur down a concentration gradient or against it with active transport.
Plasma membrane
The plasma membrane is a selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cell. It is composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins. The fluid mosaic model from 1972 describes the plasma membrane as a fluid bilayer with integral proteins embedded within it, peripheral proteins attached to its surface, and lipid-anchored proteins. The plasma membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell through diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion using channel proteins, and active transport using carrier proteins that require ATP. Endocytosis and exocytosis allow bulk transport across the membrane through vesicles.
Plasma membrane -
The plasma membrane is a flexible yet sturdy lipid bilayer that surrounds the cytoplasm of cells. It is described by the fluid mosaic model, where lipids form a fluid sea containing a mosaic of embedded and floating proteins. The basic structure is a phospholipid bilayer containing cholesterol, glycolipids, and integral and peripheral proteins. Transport across the membrane includes passive diffusion and facilitated diffusion down gradients, as well as active transport against gradients using protein carriers and ATP.
Plasma membrane
The plasma membrane is a selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cell. It is composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins. The fluid mosaic model describes the plasma membrane structure, with integral and peripheral proteins embedded within or attached to the phospholipid bilayer. The plasma membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell through diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion, active transport, endocytosis, and exocytosis. It also contains proteins that act as carriers, channels, pumps, receptors, enzymes, and adhesion molecules that perform important cell functions.
Cell membrane_rass biosolution
The document discusses membrane structure and function. It describes the fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane, which depicts a bilayer of phospholipids with embedded and peripheral proteins. Membrane proteins allow the membrane to facilitate various transport mechanisms like passive diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and active transport via pumps and channels. Transport proteins move molecules across membranes through simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion using carrier proteins, osmosis, and active transport requiring ATP. Vesicles and bulk flow processes like endocytosis and exocytosis are also used to transport larger particles across the membrane.
Basic Cell Life 2
The document provides information about cell structure and functions:
- Cells are the basic unit of life and come in two main types: prokaryotic and eukaryotic. Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles while eukaryotic cells have organelles.
- The cell membrane controls what enters and exits the cell. Transport proteins allow substances to move across the membrane through diffusion, osmosis, and active transport.
- The cell contains organelles that perform important functions like DNA storage in the nucleus, protein synthesis in the ribosomes, and energy production in mitochondria.
Plasma membrane
The plasma membrane is a selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cell. It is composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins. The fluid mosaic model describes the plasma membrane structure, with integral and peripheral proteins embedded within or attached to the fluid phospholipid bilayer. The plasma membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell through passive diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active transport, osmosis, and bulk transport mechanisms like endocytosis and exocytosis.
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E.k2.b1 cell membranes
- 1. Cell membrane and selective permeability Amber Vang
- 2. Cell membranes Cell membranes are barriers around the cell. The job of the cell membrane is to protect and support cells, which lets them interact with their surroundings. Cell membranes contain phospholipid molecules, embedded proteins, lipid bilayers, and cholesterol.
- 3. Phospholipids Phospholipids are molecules composed of hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties. The hydrophobic lipid tails are made of fatty acids connected to the glycerol. The hydrophilic phosphate groups are placed toward the aqueous cytosol.
- 4. Embedded proteins Embedded proteins also contain hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties as well. The hydrophobic proteins are nonpolar side groups. Nonpolar molecules can simply move across the membrane. The hydrophilic proteins are polar side groups. Polar molecules move across the membrane through transport proteins.
- 5. Cell membranes and cell walls Animals, plants, fungi, and protists mainly have cell membranes and walls. However, an animal cell does not contain a cell wall. Overall, the cell membrane’s purpose is to protect the cells and interact with their surroundings.
- 6. Selective permeability Selective permeability is when a cell membrane lets molecules or ions go through it by the process of active or passive transport. Active transport requires the cell to waste energy to move materials. Passive transport does not require cellular energy.
- 7. Selective permeability Facilitated diffusion is a passive transport. Facilitated diffusion allows compounds like sugars and amino acids in. The K+/NA+ pump is active transport. The pump moves K and NA against gradients. The process requires energy. When the energy is being used, ATP falls off and is converted into ADP.
- 8. Citations "Biology Ch.7 PDF." Cells. N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Dec. 2015. <https://docs.google.com/a/muhsdstudents.org/viewer?a=v&pid=sites&srcid=bXVoc2Qub3JnfGV0ZXh0c3xneDo1ZmNjNDA2ODhkMGMxYjQx>. "Selectively Permeable Membranes: Definition & Examples." Study.com. Study.com, n.d. Web. 03 Dec. 2015. <http://study.com/academy/lesson/selectively- permeable-membranes-definition-examples-quiz.html>. "Membranes." IB Guides. IB Guides, 2012. Web. 3 Dec. 2015. <http://ibguides.com/biology/notes/membranes>. "How a Phospholipid Bilayer Is Both Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic."Study.com. Study.com, n.d. Web. 03 Dec. 2015. <http://study.com/academy/lesson/how-a- phospholipid-bilayer-is-both-hydrophobic-and-hydrophilic.html>. "Plasma Membrane." Molecular Expressions. Cell Biology, 1 Oct. 2000. Web. 3 Dec. 2015. <http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/plasmamembrane/plasmamembrane.html>. "Cell Wall." UCSB Science Line. UCSB Science Line, 2015. Web. 3 Dec. 2015. <http://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=4753>. "Na+/K+ (Sodium/Potassium) Pump." ZeroBio. ZeroBio, n.d. Web. 3 Dec. 2015. <http://www.zerobio.com/central/na_k.htm>.