Bio cellular transport
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
1 like•616 views
Water's polarity allows it to form hydrogen bonds, giving it important properties for cellular transport. Hydrogen bonding gives water cohesion, adhesion, and a high heat capacity, maintaining homeostasis. The cell membrane is selectively permeable like a screen, allowing passive diffusion of some substances but requiring active transport powered by ATP for others. Active transport pumps like sodium-potassium pumps and endocytosis/exocytosis move substances against gradients.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Cellular transport
Cellular transport is the constant flow of materials into and out of cells through the cell membrane. It allows cells to undergo metabolism by taking in nutrients and oxygen and removing waste. There are two types of transport - active transport which requires energy and passive transport which does not. Passive transport, including diffusion and osmosis, moves substances from areas of high concentration to low concentration until equilibrium is reached. Active transport moves substances against a concentration gradient by using energy. Cellular transport, through maintaining concentration gradients, affects efficient cell size.
Characteristics of Life
Museum of Science and Industry, Chicago: Science Teacher PD Course "All About You" > "Characteristics of Life" Lesson
Cellular Transport
Cellular transport requires both passive and active mechanisms. Passive transport includes diffusion and osmosis, which move substances according to concentration gradients without energy input. Active transport moves substances against concentration gradients and requires ATP. Examples of active transport are endocytosis, which moves materials into the cell, and exocytosis, which moves materials out of the cell.
Passive Transport
Passive transport across the plasma membrane can occur through simple diffusion of molecules like water, or through transport proteins. Transport proteins include channel proteins that form channels for molecules to pass through simultaneously without energy input, and carrier proteins that bind molecules and change shape to transport them one by one against the concentration gradient through facilitated diffusion, requiring no energy from the cell. All of these examples of passive transport rely on molecular movement down a concentration gradient without cellular energy input.
Teeny, tiny cells
Cells need to be small in order to efficiently transport materials and undergo metabolism. A large surface area to volume ratio allows cells to quickly exchange materials with their environment through diffusion.
Lesson 3 cell membrane and transport 14-15
The document discusses transport across the cell membrane. It describes the cell membrane as semipermeable, allowing some molecules to pass through but not others. There are two types of transport: passive and active. Passive transport includes diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis, and occurs without energy. Active transport moves molecules against their concentration gradient and requires energy. Osmosis is the specific movement of water across the membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to higher.
Cells (cytology) pt 1
This document outlines the key learning objectives for a course on cells (cytology). It discusses the defining properties of cells, including that they are the smallest unit of life that can function independently. All cells share certain similarities, such as a membrane surrounding the cell. The document contrasts the cells of the three domains of life - bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes. It focuses on describing the anatomy and components of bacterial, plant, and animal cells. Specifically, it explains that cell membranes are made of phospholipids that form a bilayer, and also contain proteins.
Cells movement across membranes pt 2
This document discusses different mechanisms of transport across cell membranes. It begins by explaining that phospholipids form a semipermeable bilayer membrane and that concentration gradients drive passive transport. Passive transport mechanisms like simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis move substances down their concentration gradient without energy input. Active transport requires energy and transports substances against their gradient, such as the sodium-potassium pump moving Na+ and K+ ions. Larger molecules may cross membranes through endocytosis and exocytosis.
Recommended
Cellular transport
Cellular transport is the constant flow of materials into and out of cells through the cell membrane. It allows cells to undergo metabolism by taking in nutrients and oxygen and removing waste. There are two types of transport - active transport which requires energy and passive transport which does not. Passive transport, including diffusion and osmosis, moves substances from areas of high concentration to low concentration until equilibrium is reached. Active transport moves substances against a concentration gradient by using energy. Cellular transport, through maintaining concentration gradients, affects efficient cell size.
Characteristics of Life
Museum of Science and Industry, Chicago: Science Teacher PD Course "All About You" > "Characteristics of Life" Lesson
Cellular Transport
Cellular transport requires both passive and active mechanisms. Passive transport includes diffusion and osmosis, which move substances according to concentration gradients without energy input. Active transport moves substances against concentration gradients and requires ATP. Examples of active transport are endocytosis, which moves materials into the cell, and exocytosis, which moves materials out of the cell.
Passive Transport
Passive transport across the plasma membrane can occur through simple diffusion of molecules like water, or through transport proteins. Transport proteins include channel proteins that form channels for molecules to pass through simultaneously without energy input, and carrier proteins that bind molecules and change shape to transport them one by one against the concentration gradient through facilitated diffusion, requiring no energy from the cell. All of these examples of passive transport rely on molecular movement down a concentration gradient without cellular energy input.
Teeny, tiny cells
Cells need to be small in order to efficiently transport materials and undergo metabolism. A large surface area to volume ratio allows cells to quickly exchange materials with their environment through diffusion.
Lesson 3 cell membrane and transport 14-15
The document discusses transport across the cell membrane. It describes the cell membrane as semipermeable, allowing some molecules to pass through but not others. There are two types of transport: passive and active. Passive transport includes diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis, and occurs without energy. Active transport moves molecules against their concentration gradient and requires energy. Osmosis is the specific movement of water across the membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to higher.
Cells (cytology) pt 1
This document outlines the key learning objectives for a course on cells (cytology). It discusses the defining properties of cells, including that they are the smallest unit of life that can function independently. All cells share certain similarities, such as a membrane surrounding the cell. The document contrasts the cells of the three domains of life - bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes. It focuses on describing the anatomy and components of bacterial, plant, and animal cells. Specifically, it explains that cell membranes are made of phospholipids that form a bilayer, and also contain proteins.
Cells movement across membranes pt 2
This document discusses different mechanisms of transport across cell membranes. It begins by explaining that phospholipids form a semipermeable bilayer membrane and that concentration gradients drive passive transport. Passive transport mechanisms like simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis move substances down their concentration gradient without energy input. Active transport requires energy and transports substances against their gradient, such as the sodium-potassium pump moving Na+ and K+ ions. Larger molecules may cross membranes through endocytosis and exocytosis.
Cell transportnotes1
Cell membranes are selectively permeable, allowing some substances to pass through but not others. Diffusion is the process by which molecules move from areas of higher concentration to lower concentration until evenly distributed. Osmosis is a type of diffusion where water moves through a selectively permeable membrane from higher to lower concentration. Active transport moves substances against their concentration gradient and requires energy.
Chap4 cellular transport 3
This document summarizes different types of cellular transport mechanisms. It describes passive transport mechanisms like diffusion and osmosis which move molecules from high to low concentration without energy expenditure. Active transport requires energy and moves molecules against their concentration gradient. Bulk transport involves cells engulfing large particles or liquids through phagocytosis and pinocytosis respectively. The document also discusses how cells are affected by their surrounding environment, undergoing cytolysis in hypotonic solutions, plasmolysis in hypertonic solutions, and maintaining their shape in isotonic solutions.
7.3 cell transport
This document discusses different types of cell transport mechanisms, including passive transport (diffusion and facilitated diffusion) and active transport. Passive transport involves the diffusion of substances across the cell membrane down their concentration gradient without cellular energy expenditure. Active transport requires cellular energy and transports substances against their concentration gradient using transmembrane protein pumps and channels. Osmosis, a type of facilitated diffusion, allows for the diffusion of water across the cell membrane through water channel proteins. The document provides examples and diagrams to explain these transport mechanisms.
Cellular Transport (Active and Passive transports
There are two types of cellular transport: passive transport which does not require energy, and active transport which does require energy. Passive transport includes diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis, where molecules spread from high to low concentration areas. Active transport moves particles against a concentration gradient using protein pumps, endocytosis, or exocytosis. Endocytosis brings material into cells, while exocytosis releases material from cells.
Active and passive transport
This document discusses passive and active transport across the cell membrane. It defines the cell membrane as semipermeable, allowing some substances to pass through. Passive transport uses diffusion and osmosis to move substances down their concentration gradient without energy use, while active transport moves substances against their gradient by using transport proteins and cellular energy. Active transport mechanisms include endocytosis, which transports substances into the cell, and exocytosis, which transports them out.
Passive Transport
1) Cells use three main methods of membrane transport - diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and active transport. Diffusion and facilitated diffusion are passive and do not require energy, while active transport is an energy-requiring process.
2) Facilitated diffusion uses carrier proteins to transport molecules across membranes via concentration gradients, as some molecules are too large to pass through the phospholipid bilayer on their own.
3) Osmosis is the passive movement of water across membranes from low to high solute concentration areas, driven by water's tendency to diffuse evenly throughout solutions. Water moves through membrane pores, while solutes are too large to pass through.
AAY Structure and Function of Cells Intro
This document provides an overview of cells and cell structure. It discusses how humans shed their outer layer of skin every 2-4 weeks, shedding between 1 and 10 million skin cells per day. It also introduces the Next Generation Science Standards, which emphasize developing models and asking questions to understand phenomena at the cellular level. The agenda outlines lessons on using microscopes to view cells, the structure and function of the cell membrane, cellular division, organelles, and cellular transport.
Cellular Transport
This document discusses different types of cellular transport. Passive transport includes diffusion, facilitated transport, and osmosis, which move molecules across membranes from high to low concentration without energy. Diffusion moves small molecules and gases, while osmosis moves water depending on solute concentration. Facilitated transport uses carrier proteins to move molecules too large for diffusion. Active transport moves molecules against their concentration gradient from low to high concentration using energy and carrier proteins. Large molecules enter and exit cells through endocytosis and exocytosis, which involve invagination or vesicle formation in the plasma membrane.
7 3 movement through
The cell membrane regulates what enters and leaves the cell, providing protection and support. Diffusion is the passive movement of substances from high to low concentration until equilibrium is reached. Osmosis is the movement of water through selectively permeable membranes, flowing toward the side with a higher concentration of solute molecules. Facilitated diffusion uses protein channels to move molecules that cannot pass through the membrane by simple diffusion. Active transport requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient using pumps and coupled channels.
Nuclear Membrane: Active and Passive Transport
Active transport requires energy to move biochemicals against their concentration gradient from areas of low concentration to high concentration, using techniques like ion pumps and cotransport. Passive transport moves biochemicals down the concentration gradient from high to low concentration through diffusion or osmosis and does not require energy. Both active and passive transport are important biological processes that move nutrients, oxygen, and waste products into and out of cells.
Nuclear Membrane: Active and Passive Transport (Illustrations)
Diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis allow for the passive movement of particles or molecules down their concentration gradient without requiring energy. Active transport mechanisms, on the other hand, move molecules against their gradient and directly require energy in the form of ATP or the use of electrochemical gradients generated by ATP. There are two main types of endocytosis - phagocytosis and pinocytosis - which allow cells to actively transport dissolved materials and solid particles from outside the cell into vesicles inside the cell. Exocytosis is the reverse process, actively transporting vesicles from inside the cell out to its exterior to release their contents.
Chapter 5
This document discusses different types of transport mechanisms in cells, including passive transport mechanisms like diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion, and diffusion through ion channels. It also discusses active transport mechanisms like the sodium-potassium pump, endocytosis, and exocytosis, which require energy. Specific examples are given about how paramecia and plants deal with osmosis due to their cell structures and environments.
E.k2.b1 cell membranes
The cell membrane is a barrier that protects cells and regulates what passes in and out. It is made of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins. Phospholipids are amphipathic molecules with a hydrophobic tail and hydrophilic head. Embedded proteins also have hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions that allow selective permeability. The cell membrane uses passive and active transport. Passive transport relies on diffusion and does not require energy. Active transport, like the sodium-potassium pump, moves molecules against gradients and requires ATP.
Cellulartransportpowerpoint
The cell membrane separates the components of a cell from its environment and regulates what passes in and out through passive and active transport. Passive transport includes diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis, and moves particles from high to low concentration without energy. Active transport requires energy to move particles from low to high concentration against the gradient. Some cells also have a cell wall providing structure and protection to plant, fungi, and bacteria cells.
Passive Transport
There are two main types of cellular transport - passive and active. Passive transport does not require energy and includes diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis. Active transport moves molecules against their concentration gradient and requires energy from ATP. The sodium-potassium pump is an example of active transport, moving sodium and potassium ions across the cell membrane against their gradients. Large molecules are transported across membranes via endocytosis and exocytosis using vesicles.
PASSIVE TRANSPORT SYSTEM
Passive Transport system.
Prepared by - Ruhid Hasan
from - University of development alternative
Dept. of Pharmacy [Health Scince]
Biology - Chp 3 - Cell Processes Review - PowerPoint
This document reviews several key cell processes including diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion, active transport, endocytosis, and levels of biological organization. Diffusion is the passive movement of solutes from high to low concentration without energy. Osmosis is diffusion of water across membranes, moving from high to low solute concentration. Active transport uses carrier proteins and requires energy to move molecules against a concentration gradient. Endocytosis engulfs material into the cell through membrane infolding to form a vacuole. Biological organization ranges from cells to tissues, organs, organ systems.
Cell Function Notes Sub
The document discusses the movement of substances into and out of cells through the cell membrane. The cell membrane is made up of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins. Receptor and carrier proteins help move substances across the membrane. Substances can move passively via diffusion or osmosis down their concentration gradient or actively against the gradient through processes that require energy. The tonicity or solute concentration of the surrounding solution determines whether water will move into or out of the cell.
Transport mechanism
This document discusses different types of transport mechanisms in cells. There are two main types: passive transport, which moves materials down their concentration gradient without cellular energy expenditure, and active transport, which moves materials against their concentration gradient using cellular energy. Passive transport includes diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis. Osmosis specifically refers to the diffusion of water molecules through a semipermeable membrane down its concentration gradient. Active transport requires ATP and includes endocytosis, exocytosis, and transport across membranes via carrier proteins.
Specialised Cells
This document discusses specialized cells and their functions. It provides examples of specialized plant cells like those with thick cell walls that allow bending as they fill with water and have large surface areas for absorbing water and minerals. Specialized animal cells discussed include cilia for moving mucus, elongated muscle cells for contraction, flat disc-shaped red blood cells for oxygen transport, and nerve cells with long axons and dendrites for transmitting electrical signals. Students are asked to order complexity from cell to organism and describe cellular adaptations and functions.
Lecture 15.1 & 15.2- Water
1. Many of water's unique properties, like its high surface tension and low vapor pressure, result from hydrogen bonding between water molecules.
2. A surfactant can reduce water's surface tension by interfering with these hydrogen bonds.
3. Ice has a lower density than liquid water because the hydrogen bonds in ice form a rigid, open honeycomb structure that expands when it melts.
Cell membrane
The cell membrane, also known as the phospholipid bilayer, separates the interior of the cell from its surroundings and controls the movement of substances in and out. It is composed of phospholipids, which have a hydrophilic phosphate head and hydrophobic fatty acid tails. The phospholipids spontaneously form a bilayer with the heads facing out and tails shielded inside. This structure allows for selective transport of molecules. Transport can occur passively via simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion through transport proteins, or actively against the concentration gradient using energy from ATP. Active transport is required for ions like sodium and potassium. Larger substances use endocytosis to enter and exocytosis to exit the cell enclosed in vesicles.
More Related Content
What's hot
Cell transportnotes1
Cell membranes are selectively permeable, allowing some substances to pass through but not others. Diffusion is the process by which molecules move from areas of higher concentration to lower concentration until evenly distributed. Osmosis is a type of diffusion where water moves through a selectively permeable membrane from higher to lower concentration. Active transport moves substances against their concentration gradient and requires energy.
Chap4 cellular transport 3
This document summarizes different types of cellular transport mechanisms. It describes passive transport mechanisms like diffusion and osmosis which move molecules from high to low concentration without energy expenditure. Active transport requires energy and moves molecules against their concentration gradient. Bulk transport involves cells engulfing large particles or liquids through phagocytosis and pinocytosis respectively. The document also discusses how cells are affected by their surrounding environment, undergoing cytolysis in hypotonic solutions, plasmolysis in hypertonic solutions, and maintaining their shape in isotonic solutions.
7.3 cell transport
This document discusses different types of cell transport mechanisms, including passive transport (diffusion and facilitated diffusion) and active transport. Passive transport involves the diffusion of substances across the cell membrane down their concentration gradient without cellular energy expenditure. Active transport requires cellular energy and transports substances against their concentration gradient using transmembrane protein pumps and channels. Osmosis, a type of facilitated diffusion, allows for the diffusion of water across the cell membrane through water channel proteins. The document provides examples and diagrams to explain these transport mechanisms.
Cellular Transport (Active and Passive transports
There are two types of cellular transport: passive transport which does not require energy, and active transport which does require energy. Passive transport includes diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis, where molecules spread from high to low concentration areas. Active transport moves particles against a concentration gradient using protein pumps, endocytosis, or exocytosis. Endocytosis brings material into cells, while exocytosis releases material from cells.
Active and passive transport
This document discusses passive and active transport across the cell membrane. It defines the cell membrane as semipermeable, allowing some substances to pass through. Passive transport uses diffusion and osmosis to move substances down their concentration gradient without energy use, while active transport moves substances against their gradient by using transport proteins and cellular energy. Active transport mechanisms include endocytosis, which transports substances into the cell, and exocytosis, which transports them out.
Passive Transport
1) Cells use three main methods of membrane transport - diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and active transport. Diffusion and facilitated diffusion are passive and do not require energy, while active transport is an energy-requiring process.
2) Facilitated diffusion uses carrier proteins to transport molecules across membranes via concentration gradients, as some molecules are too large to pass through the phospholipid bilayer on their own.
3) Osmosis is the passive movement of water across membranes from low to high solute concentration areas, driven by water's tendency to diffuse evenly throughout solutions. Water moves through membrane pores, while solutes are too large to pass through.
AAY Structure and Function of Cells Intro
This document provides an overview of cells and cell structure. It discusses how humans shed their outer layer of skin every 2-4 weeks, shedding between 1 and 10 million skin cells per day. It also introduces the Next Generation Science Standards, which emphasize developing models and asking questions to understand phenomena at the cellular level. The agenda outlines lessons on using microscopes to view cells, the structure and function of the cell membrane, cellular division, organelles, and cellular transport.
Cellular Transport
This document discusses different types of cellular transport. Passive transport includes diffusion, facilitated transport, and osmosis, which move molecules across membranes from high to low concentration without energy. Diffusion moves small molecules and gases, while osmosis moves water depending on solute concentration. Facilitated transport uses carrier proteins to move molecules too large for diffusion. Active transport moves molecules against their concentration gradient from low to high concentration using energy and carrier proteins. Large molecules enter and exit cells through endocytosis and exocytosis, which involve invagination or vesicle formation in the plasma membrane.
7 3 movement through
The cell membrane regulates what enters and leaves the cell, providing protection and support. Diffusion is the passive movement of substances from high to low concentration until equilibrium is reached. Osmosis is the movement of water through selectively permeable membranes, flowing toward the side with a higher concentration of solute molecules. Facilitated diffusion uses protein channels to move molecules that cannot pass through the membrane by simple diffusion. Active transport requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient using pumps and coupled channels.
Nuclear Membrane: Active and Passive Transport
Active transport requires energy to move biochemicals against their concentration gradient from areas of low concentration to high concentration, using techniques like ion pumps and cotransport. Passive transport moves biochemicals down the concentration gradient from high to low concentration through diffusion or osmosis and does not require energy. Both active and passive transport are important biological processes that move nutrients, oxygen, and waste products into and out of cells.
Nuclear Membrane: Active and Passive Transport (Illustrations)
Diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis allow for the passive movement of particles or molecules down their concentration gradient without requiring energy. Active transport mechanisms, on the other hand, move molecules against their gradient and directly require energy in the form of ATP or the use of electrochemical gradients generated by ATP. There are two main types of endocytosis - phagocytosis and pinocytosis - which allow cells to actively transport dissolved materials and solid particles from outside the cell into vesicles inside the cell. Exocytosis is the reverse process, actively transporting vesicles from inside the cell out to its exterior to release their contents.
Chapter 5
This document discusses different types of transport mechanisms in cells, including passive transport mechanisms like diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion, and diffusion through ion channels. It also discusses active transport mechanisms like the sodium-potassium pump, endocytosis, and exocytosis, which require energy. Specific examples are given about how paramecia and plants deal with osmosis due to their cell structures and environments.
E.k2.b1 cell membranes
The cell membrane is a barrier that protects cells and regulates what passes in and out. It is made of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins. Phospholipids are amphipathic molecules with a hydrophobic tail and hydrophilic head. Embedded proteins also have hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions that allow selective permeability. The cell membrane uses passive and active transport. Passive transport relies on diffusion and does not require energy. Active transport, like the sodium-potassium pump, moves molecules against gradients and requires ATP.
Cellulartransportpowerpoint
The cell membrane separates the components of a cell from its environment and regulates what passes in and out through passive and active transport. Passive transport includes diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis, and moves particles from high to low concentration without energy. Active transport requires energy to move particles from low to high concentration against the gradient. Some cells also have a cell wall providing structure and protection to plant, fungi, and bacteria cells.
Passive Transport
There are two main types of cellular transport - passive and active. Passive transport does not require energy and includes diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis. Active transport moves molecules against their concentration gradient and requires energy from ATP. The sodium-potassium pump is an example of active transport, moving sodium and potassium ions across the cell membrane against their gradients. Large molecules are transported across membranes via endocytosis and exocytosis using vesicles.
PASSIVE TRANSPORT SYSTEM
Passive Transport system.
Prepared by - Ruhid Hasan
from - University of development alternative
Dept. of Pharmacy [Health Scince]
Biology - Chp 3 - Cell Processes Review - PowerPoint
This document reviews several key cell processes including diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion, active transport, endocytosis, and levels of biological organization. Diffusion is the passive movement of solutes from high to low concentration without energy. Osmosis is diffusion of water across membranes, moving from high to low solute concentration. Active transport uses carrier proteins and requires energy to move molecules against a concentration gradient. Endocytosis engulfs material into the cell through membrane infolding to form a vacuole. Biological organization ranges from cells to tissues, organs, organ systems.
Cell Function Notes Sub
The document discusses the movement of substances into and out of cells through the cell membrane. The cell membrane is made up of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins. Receptor and carrier proteins help move substances across the membrane. Substances can move passively via diffusion or osmosis down their concentration gradient or actively against the gradient through processes that require energy. The tonicity or solute concentration of the surrounding solution determines whether water will move into or out of the cell.
Transport mechanism
This document discusses different types of transport mechanisms in cells. There are two main types: passive transport, which moves materials down their concentration gradient without cellular energy expenditure, and active transport, which moves materials against their concentration gradient using cellular energy. Passive transport includes diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis. Osmosis specifically refers to the diffusion of water molecules through a semipermeable membrane down its concentration gradient. Active transport requires ATP and includes endocytosis, exocytosis, and transport across membranes via carrier proteins.
Specialised Cells
This document discusses specialized cells and their functions. It provides examples of specialized plant cells like those with thick cell walls that allow bending as they fill with water and have large surface areas for absorbing water and minerals. Specialized animal cells discussed include cilia for moving mucus, elongated muscle cells for contraction, flat disc-shaped red blood cells for oxygen transport, and nerve cells with long axons and dendrites for transmitting electrical signals. Students are asked to order complexity from cell to organism and describe cellular adaptations and functions.
What's hot (20)
Nuclear Membrane: Active and Passive Transport (Illustrations)
Nuclear Membrane: Active and Passive Transport (Illustrations)
Biology - Chp 3 - Cell Processes Review - PowerPoint
Biology - Chp 3 - Cell Processes Review - PowerPoint
Viewers also liked
Lecture 15.1 & 15.2- Water
1. Many of water's unique properties, like its high surface tension and low vapor pressure, result from hydrogen bonding between water molecules.
2. A surfactant can reduce water's surface tension by interfering with these hydrogen bonds.
3. Ice has a lower density than liquid water because the hydrogen bonds in ice form a rigid, open honeycomb structure that expands when it melts.
Cell membrane
The cell membrane, also known as the phospholipid bilayer, separates the interior of the cell from its surroundings and controls the movement of substances in and out. It is composed of phospholipids, which have a hydrophilic phosphate head and hydrophobic fatty acid tails. The phospholipids spontaneously form a bilayer with the heads facing out and tails shielded inside. This structure allows for selective transport of molecules. Transport can occur passively via simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion through transport proteins, or actively against the concentration gradient using energy from ATP. Active transport is required for ions like sodium and potassium. Larger substances use endocytosis to enter and exocytosis to exit the cell enclosed in vesicles.
Tang 07 polarity
1) CO2 has polar C=O bonds but is nonpolar overall because the bond dipoles cancel out due to symmetrical shape
2) H2O has polar O-H bonds that do not cancel out, giving the molecule an overall dipole due to its bent shape
3) A molecule's shape and whether its bond polarities cancel out must be considered to determine if it is polar or nonpolar
Molecular polarity
An introduction to the value of molecular polarity and how bond polarity and molecular shape determine molecular polarity.
Intermolecular Forces
1. Molecular polarity depends on whether the bonds within a molecule are polar and the overall molecular geometry.
2. CO2 is nonpolar because its linear geometry causes the polar bonds between carbon and oxygen to cancel out. H2O is polar because its bent shape does not allow bond dipoles to cancel out.
3. Forces that hold substances together include ionic bonds, covalent networks, and intermolecular forces such as hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole interactions, and London forces.
Drug distribution
Drug distribution involves the reversible transfer of drugs between compartments like blood and tissues. Several factors affect how drugs are distributed, including tissue permeability, organ size and blood flow, and binding to tissue components. Drugs with certain physicochemical properties like small molecular size and appropriate lipophilicity more easily pass through barriers and cell membranes into tissues. Additionally, tissues with greater blood flow and perfusion rates allow for faster drug distribution. Finally, the extent to which drugs bind to proteins and other components in blood and tissues impacts their distribution.
Cellular transport
The document discusses cellular transport and the cell membrane. It explains that the cell membrane is selectively permeable, allowing small uncharged molecules like oxygen and carbon dioxide to pass freely through diffusion and osmosis. Larger molecules and ions require energy-requiring mechanisms like active transport or facilitated diffusion. The document contrasts passive transport mechanisms like diffusion and osmosis, which move molecules down concentration gradients without energy, with active transport which moves molecules against gradients by using cellular energy. It also briefly discusses endocytosis and exocytosis for transporting larger particles and molecules in and out of cells.
Cellular transport
1. Cell membranes are composed of a lipid bilayer with embedded proteins. This structure allows cell membranes to be selectively permeable and control what enters and exits the cell.
2. There are two types of cellular transport: passive transport, which does not require energy, and active transport, which does require energy. Passive transport includes diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis.
3. Osmosis is the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to low water concentration. In a hypotonic solution, cells will swell and burst. In a hypertonic solution, cells will shrink.
Cellular transport and cell cycle
Three key factors - concentration, temperature, and pressure - affect the rate of diffusion. Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane and regulates water flow to maintain homeostasis. Cells in hypotonic solutions swell while hypertonic solutions cause cells to shrink or lose water. Transport across the cell membrane includes passive transport using channel/carrier proteins and active transport requiring energy. The cell cycle includes interphase of growth and DNA replication followed by mitosis and cytokinesis to form two daughter cells. Cancer results from changes in genes controlling the cell cycle leading to uncontrolled cell division.
Cell Membrane And Cell Transport Notes New
The document discusses cellular transport and the cell membrane. It explains that the cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell to maintain homeostasis. There are two main types of transport - passive transport which doesn't require energy, and active transport which does. Passive transport includes diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis. Active transport uses protein pumps and transports molecules against their concentration gradient.
G7 ch2.3 2.4 - cellular transport
Cellular transport involves the passive and active movement of substances across the cell membrane. Passive transport includes diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis, which move substances down their concentration gradient without energy expenditure. Active transport moves substances against their gradient by using cellular energy in the form of ATP. Endocytosis and exocytosis are mechanisms for cells to take in and release larger particles by engulfing and vesiculating parts of the membrane. Cell size and surface area have an important relationship to transport, as larger surface area is needed to support substance movement into and out of a cell.
Seminar On Aspirin
Aspirin is a medicine that relieves pain and reduces fever. It was first created in 1899 by a German chemist to treat his father's arthritis. Aspirin is quickly absorbed and provides rapid and long-lasting pain relief. It can be used to treat minor pains like headaches and toothaches, as well as more serious conditions like heart attacks. While it has many uses, aspirin also carries risks like Reye's syndrome in children and upset stomach or bleeding in some adults and animals. It works by reducing fever and pain but should only be used under a doctor or veterinarian's guidance.
Aspirin in Myocardial Infarction by Pharm Jimmy Aiden
This document discusses the use of aspirin in the management of myocardial infarction. It begins with an overview of myocardial infarction and the platelet mechanisms involved in clot formation. It then discusses aspirin, including its introduction, mechanism of action inhibiting platelet activation, and indications for use in acute myocardial infarction and long-term management. The document outlines aspirin's pharmacokinetics, dosage, adverse effects, interactions, and concludes that aspirin's irreversible inhibition of platelet thromboxane synthesis provides cost-effective prevention of reinfarction.
Liposomes
Liposomes are spherical vesicles composed of phospholipid bilayers that can encapsulate aqueous solutions. They can be used to deliver both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drug molecules by encapsulating them within the aqueous interior or embedding them within the phospholipid membrane respectively. Liposomes offer several advantages for drug delivery such as protecting drugs, altering pharmacokinetics and biodistribution, and facilitating drug targeting to specific sites. However, developing effective liposomal drug formulations faces challenges including high production costs, short shelf life, and potential new toxicities.
Molecular polarity
This document discusses molecular polarity and polar covalent bonds. It explains that polar covalent bonds involve an unequal sharing of electrons between two bonded atoms, creating a partial separation of charge and a dipole moment. The polarity of a bond depends on the difference in electronegativity between the bonded atoms, with a larger difference resulting in a more polar bond. Molecular polarity also depends on whether polar bonds are arranged asymmetrically or if different atoms are bonded to a central atom.
Aspirin synthesis ppt
Acetylsalicylic acid, also known as aspirin, is a common analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory drug. Aspirin was first isolated in 1897 by Felix Hoffmann working for Bayer. It is synthesized from salicylic acid and acetic anhydride. Aspirin works by inhibiting prostaglandin production. It has a long history of medicinal use and is effective for pain, fever reduction, and reducing heart attack risk. Common side effects include gastrointestinal irritation.
Viewers also liked (16)
Aspirin in Myocardial Infarction by Pharm Jimmy Aiden
Aspirin in Myocardial Infarction by Pharm Jimmy Aiden
Similar to Bio cellular transport
AP Biology - Week 2 Cells and Membranes
This document provides an overview of cell membranes and transport mechanisms. It discusses how phospholipid bilayers naturally form membranes, allowing the separation of intracellular and extracellular environments. It describes passive transport mechanisms like diffusion and osmosis that move molecules down concentration gradients, as well as active transport processes like pumps that move molecules against gradients by expending cellular energy in ATP. The roles of these transport mechanisms in maintaining cell volume and movement of important ions and molecules in and out of cells are also summarized.
Cell Membranes by Maryam Sarwar.ppt
This Presentation is on the topic of cell membrane. This will explain the structure and function of cell membrane.
Ap Bio Ch 5 Power Point
The document discusses cell membranes and their structure and functions. It covers the fluid mosaic model of membrane structure, including phospholipids and membrane proteins. It describes the different categories of membrane proteins and their roles. It also summarizes different transport mechanisms like diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, active transport, endocytosis, and exocytosis.
The importance of water
This document discusses metabolism, which consists of the chemical reactions that take place in living organisms. There are two general categories of metabolic reactions: anabolic reactions and catabolic reactions. Anabolic reactions build up large molecules from smaller ones, such as photosynthesis, while catabolic reactions break down large molecules into smaller ones, such as respiration. The document also lists some of the main biological compounds found in the human body, including water, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.
Cell transport notes (supplement)
The document summarizes key concepts about cellular transport:
1. Cell membranes are selectively permeable and use passive and active transport to regulate what enters and exits cells. Passive transport uses diffusion or facilitated diffusion and requires no energy.
2. Active transport moves molecules against their concentration gradient and requires energy. It includes protein pumps, endocytosis, and exocytosis.
3. Osmosis is passive transport of water through membranes. It causes cells to swell or shrink depending if the solution is hypotonic, hypertonic, or isotonic relative to the cell. Organisms use various mechanisms to regulate osmotic balance.
Cell Membrane
The document summarizes key aspects of the cell membrane. It discusses how the cell membrane is made of phospholipids and proteins arranged in a fluid mosaic structure. It selectively controls what passes in and out of cells through diffusion, channels, and pumps that may require energy. Water movement across the membrane occurs through osmosis, with cell regulation to prevent bursting or shrinking due to gaining or losing too much water from their surroundings.
bodyfluid.pptx
The document discusses body fluid compartments and their properties. It notes that:
- The body is composed of water, minerals, proteins, and fats. Fluids are divided into extracellular fluid (ECF) and intracellular fluid (ICF). ECF includes blood plasma, interstitial fluid, and lymph.
- Fluid compartments have different sizes, volumes, and compositions, but the same number of particles (300 million) per liter. Manipulating one compartment affects others.
- Compositions vary between compartments but osmolalities remain the same. Water moves between compartments via osmosis or hydrostatic pressure. Cell membranes are selectively permeable and maintain concentration gradients.
REVISED Cell membrane powerpoint diffusion and osmosis revised
Cell membranes use selective permeability and transport proteins to regulate what passes in and out of cells. The lipid bilayer structure of the cell membrane only allows small, uncharged molecules to passively diffuse through. Larger molecules and ions require transport proteins like channels and pumps. Channels facilitate diffusion down concentration gradients, while pumps use ATP to actively transport substances against gradients. Membranes also use endocytosis and exocytosis to transport larger particles and vesicles into and out of cells. Osmosis, controlled by the selectively permeable membrane and cell wall, regulates water movement to maintain equilibrium across membranes.
Chapter Transport Biology SPM
The document discusses the circulatory system in multicellular organisms. It begins by explaining that multicellular organisms need a transport system to distribute resources and remove waste throughout the body since diffusion is not efficient over large distances. The key components of the human circulatory system are then described in more detail, including the blood, blood vessels, and heart. The blood contains plasma and cellular components like red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. The heart pumps blood through a network of arteries, capillaries, and veins to deliver oxygen and nutrients and remove carbon dioxide and wastes.
P.mauri membrane transport
The document summarizes the structure and functions of the cell membrane. It discusses that the cell membrane is made up of a lipid bilayer with embedded proteins. It selectively controls the movement of substances in and out of cells using both passive transport mechanisms like diffusion and facilitated diffusion, as well as active transport processes that require cellular energy. The different types of cellular transport mechanisms allow cells to maintain homeostasis.
Cell membrane powerpoint diffusion and osmosis revised
Cell membranes form boundaries around cells and control what passes in and out. The cell membrane is a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins. It is selectively permeable, allowing some substances to pass through. Small uncharged molecules can pass through via simple diffusion. Larger molecules and ions require membrane proteins like channels and carriers to pass through via facilitated diffusion. Active transport uses membrane proteins and cellular energy to move substances against their concentration gradient. Endocytosis and exocytosis allow cells to take in and release larger particles and molecules.
Cell membrane powerpoint diffusion and osmosis revised
This document discusses cell boundaries and membrane transport. It begins by defining cell boundaries as the cell membrane and cell wall. The cell membrane is a thin, flexible barrier that regulates what moves in and out of the cell through passive and active transport. The cell wall provides additional structure and protection for some cell types. The cell membrane is made of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins. Materials move across the membrane through diffusion, osmosis, and protein-mediated transport processes. Osmosis allows water to move across the membrane down its concentration gradient. Active transport requires energy and pumps molecules against their concentration gradient with protein transporters. Cells maintain equilibrium through these passive and active transport mechanisms.
Cell Membrane PPT - Copy.pptx
Active transport requires energy input from the cell in the form of ATP. The other options - diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion - are forms of passive transport that do not require energy.
Membrane transport
The document summarizes different types of membrane transport in cells. It discusses passive transport mechanisms like simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis which move substances across membranes down concentration gradients without expending energy. It also describes active transport processes like primary active transport (uniport, symport, antiport) and secondary active transport which move substances against concentration gradients by expending cellular energy in the form of ATP hydrolysis. Key transport proteins like the sodium-potassium pump are highlighted.
1 - The Chemical Nature of Cells
The document compares the abilities of the human eye, light microscope, and transmission electron microscope. It then discusses the levels of organization in living organisms from the molecular to cellular level. It explains that cells need to maintain adequate concentrations of molecules to facilitate chemical reactions and cell functioning, and that organelles help compensate for the large volumes of eukaryotic cells.
Cell transport notes 2006
Cell membranes are selectively permeable due to their lipid bilayer structure. This allows different types of transport across the membrane, including passive transport via diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis. Active transport also occurs and requires energy as it transports molecules against a concentration gradient using protein pumps, endocytosis, or exocytosis. The movement of water in and out of cells is especially important and depends on whether the external solution is hypotonic, hypertonic, or isotonic. Organisms have various mechanisms to regulate osmotic pressure and transport of molecules across membranes.
Transport cell membrane
This document provides information on transport across cell membranes. It begins by outlining the key topics to be covered, including the importance of cell membranes, types of transport mechanisms, and details on active transport. It then discusses the structure of the cell membrane and defines different types of transport mechanisms, including passive transport mechanisms like diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis. Finally, it provides more details on active transport mechanisms, distinguishing between primary and secondary active transport. In summary, the document serves as an introduction to transport across cell membranes, covering both passive and active transport mechanisms at a high level.
27 ch06cellmembranediffusion2008
The document discusses the structure and function of the cell membrane. It begins by explaining that the membrane is composed of a phospholipid bilayer with hydrophobic fatty acid tails and hydrophilic phosphate heads. This arrangement forms a barrier that allows some substances to pass through more easily than others. Integral proteins embedded in the bilayer create channels that make the membrane selectively permeable. The membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell through passive diffusion, facilitated diffusion utilizing protein channels, and active transport using protein pumps that move molecules against their concentration gradient.
Cell membrane powerpoint diffusion and osmosis revised
The cell membrane controls what enters and exits the cell through selective permeability. Small uncharged molecules can pass through the membrane via simple diffusion or be transported through protein channels during facilitated diffusion. Larger molecules and ions require active transport proteins that use energy to move them against their concentration gradient. Endocytosis and exocytosis allow cells to take in and release larger particles or liquids through inward folding or outward budding of the membrane. Cell equilibrium is maintained through these passive and active transport processes.
3. cellular basis of life
The document discusses the history and key discoveries related to cells. It notes that the average human is composed of 100 trillion cells, each with 10,000 times as many molecules as stars in the Milky Way. Key findings include Hooke discovering cells in 1665, van Leuwenhoek observing single-celled organisms in 1673, and the development of the cell theory between 1838-1858 establishing cells as the basic unit of life. Modern microscopy has advanced understanding of cellular structures and diversity.
Similar to Bio cellular transport (20)
REVISED Cell membrane powerpoint diffusion and osmosis revised
REVISED Cell membrane powerpoint diffusion and osmosis revised
Cell membrane powerpoint diffusion and osmosis revised
Cell membrane powerpoint diffusion and osmosis revised
Cell membrane powerpoint diffusion and osmosis revised
Cell membrane powerpoint diffusion and osmosis revised
Cell membrane powerpoint diffusion and osmosis revised
Cell membrane powerpoint diffusion and osmosis revised
Recently uploaded
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...National Information Standards Organization (NISO)
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.Advanced Java[Extra Concepts, Not Difficult].docx
This is part 2 of my Java Learning Journey. This contains Hashing, ArrayList, LinkedList, Date and Time Classes, Calendar Class and more.
Community pharmacy- Social and preventive pharmacy UNIT 5
Covered community pharmacy topic of the subject Social and preventive pharmacy for Diploma and Bachelor of pharmacy
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docx
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
ANATOMY AND BIOMECHANICS OF HIP JOINT.pdf
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
clinical examination of hip joint (1).pdf
described clinical examination all orthopeadic conditions .
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
https://app.box.com/s/y977uz6bpd3af4qsebv7r9b7s21935vdDigital Artifact 1 - 10VCD Environments Unit
Digital Artifact 1 - 10VCD Environments Unit - NGV Pavilion Concept Design
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Aberdeen
PCOS corelations and management through Ayurveda.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
Recently uploaded (20)
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
Community pharmacy- Social and preventive pharmacy UNIT 5
Community pharmacy- Social and preventive pharmacy UNIT 5
Pride Month Slides 2024 David Douglas School District
Pride Month Slides 2024 David Douglas School District
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
Bio cellular transport
- 1. Cellular Transport An Overview
- 2. How does the polarity of water make hydrogen bonding possible? Water is a polar molecule slightly positive end (H) and slightly negative end (O) because electrons spend more time in orbit around larger O molecule H’s of one water molecule are attracted to O’s of another Form Hydrogen bonds H-bonds are usually weak, but are unusually strong in water Gives water several important properties
- 4. How are the 3 properties important in cells and organisms? 3 important properties: Cohesion Water molecules stick together Surface tension, blood Adhesion Water molecules stick to other things Capillary action High Specific Heat Water resists changes in temperature Chemical reactions produce a lot of heat Maintains homeostasis
- 5. What is blood? Liquid part is called plasma About 95% water Also includes red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, sugars, proteins, etc.
- 6. Water as a Solvent Water is an excellent solvent, but not the “universal solvent” as commonly called Water readily dissolves polar substances and ionic compounds Sugars, proteins, salts Water does not dissolve nonpolar substances Fats, oils
- 7. Double Layer of Phospholipids
- 8. Other components of the Cell Membrane Proteins Aid in transport of materials in and out of cell Anchor cell membrane to cytoskeleton Carbohydrate chains Identify cells Cholesterol Strengthen membrane
- 9. How is the cell membrane like a window screen? Selective Permeability It allows some molecules to pass through it but not others Some molecules need an opening, like a transport protein
- 10. Cellular Transport Two types Passive transport Particles move from higher concentration to lower concentration, requires no cellular energy Diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis Active Transport Particles move from lower concentration to higher concentration, requires cellular energy Pumps, endocytosis, exocytosis
- 12. Passive Transport: Osmosis Tonicity Animation
- 13. Active Transport Active Transport Passive Transport
- 14. Active transport in the body Sodium-Potassium Pumps Help your nerve cells to function Pump sodium ions out of and potassium ions into cell Endocytosis Cell eating and drinking (single-celled organisms) Exocytosis Cell secretions, waste disposal
- 15. Endo/Exocytosis
- 16. Cellular Transport Review http://www.classzone.com/cz/books/bio_09/resources/htmls/animated_biology/unit2/bio_ch03_0093_ab_cellmem.html