This document discusses various perspectives on media effects and moral panics related to media violence. It addresses theories that media can influence audiences, such as cultivation theory, but also perspectives that question the assumption that media automatically causes effects. It explores moral panics that have occurred over media content and violence, often involving children and youth. These panics are argued to reflect fears over uncontrolled children and popular entertainment of the masses. The document presents debates over claims of media effects and influences from scholars like Gauntlett, Buckingham, and others.