This document discusses various issues related to the portrayal of violence against women in different media such as films, television, comics, and advertisements. It examines how such portrayals may normalize violence in society over time and reinforce certain ideologies. One quote included argues that depicting the rape of a woman is no different than depicting decapitation as a way to show that a villain is bad. The document provides various sources and examples related to the topic.

1. Women in Refrigerators
A. Duffy

2. Film

3. Television

4. Comics and Graphic Novels

5. Televised sport

6. Music Videos

7. Games

9. Violence in the News

10. What are the effects of violent imagery on
media audiences?
Does consumption of violent media led to real-
world violence?
Does watching violence cause someone to become violent?
How much exposure is harmful?

11. ‘Effects’ model
• What is ‘media violence’?
• Backwards approach
• Performs political functions

13. Do everyday representations of violence begin to
normalize violence in society over time?
How do representations of violence reinforce
ideology?

14. Women in refrigerators

15. “The ultimate [act] that would be the taboo, to show how bad some
villain is, was to have somebody being raped, you know? I don’t
really think it matters. It’s the same as, like, a decapitation. It’s just a
horrible act to show that somebody’s a bad guy.”
Mark Millar

20. Bibliography
Barker, M., & Petley, J. (2001). Ill Effects : The Media Violence Debate. London, GBR: Routledge. Retrieved from
http://www.ebrary.com
Carter, C., & Weaver, C. K. (2003). Violence and the Media. Berkshire, GBR: McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing. Retrieved
from http://www.ebrary.com
Ford, C. (2013, August 13). Can we stop using rape as a plot device? Retrieved from http://www.dailylife.com.au/news-and-
views/dl-opinion/can-we-stop-using-rape-as-a-plot-device-20130812-2rrwh.html
Gauntlett, D. (1998). Ten things wrong with the media ‘effects’ model. Retrieved from
http://www.theory.org.uk/david/effects.htm
Green, D. (2013, May 19). 15 Recent Ads that Glorify Violence Against Women. Retrieved from
http://www.businessinsider.com.au/sex-violence-against-women-ads-2013-5?op=1#the-context-this-is-a-famously-bad-
old-ad-from-the-1960s-surely-nothing-like-this-would-be-approved-for-paid-media-today-1
Human Security Report Project (2014, 3rd March). The Decline in Global Violence: Reality or Myth?
Retrieved from http://www.hsrgroup.org/docs/Publications/HSR2013/HSR_2013_Press_Release.pdf
Humphries, D. (Ed.). (2009). Women, Violence, and the Media : Readings in Feminist Criminology. Hanover, NH, USA:
Northeastern University Press. Retrieved from http://www.ebrary.com

21. March, A. (2015, April 11 ). The Saturday Rumpus essay: Dead girls sold here. Retrieved from
http://therumpus.net/2015/04/the-saturday-rumpus-essay-dead-girls-sold-here/
Nadler, L. (2012, October 26). 10 most brutal deaths in comics. Retrieved from http://bloody-
disgusting.com/news/3200371/10-most-brutal-deaths-in-comics/10/
Walter, N. (2010, 4 June). Why is there so much movie violence against women? Retrieved from
http://www.theguardian.com/film/2010/jun/03/women-violence-killer-inside-me-feminism
WAVAW. (2014, Mar 11). We can do better: Violence against women in film and tv.
Retrieved from http://www.wavaw.ca/we-can-do-better-violence-against-women-in-film-and-tv/
Video
America’s Next Top Model Season 8. (2015, March 22). America’s Next Top Model Season 8
Episode 5. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XE2obHJSVbA

22. Images:
http://static.businessinsider.com/image/5193e94e69bedd4f49000000/image.jpg
http://www.trendhunter.com/trends/duncan-quinn-suit-ad-depicting-strangled-woman
http://cdn.mamamia.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/Screen-Shot-2013-08-07-at-12.56.59-
AM.png
http://static6.businessinsider.com/image/521d14c4eab8ea94243a6b95-960/standard.jpeg
https://mediadissemination.wordpress.com/2009/07/18/sexy_but_not_good_for_running_away/
http://www.buzzfeed.com/copyranter/violence-against-women-in-fashion-continues-
unabated#.bw4GgKGMg
https://sites.google.com/a/sou.edu/sexualized-violence-against-women-in-advertising/
http://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/womens-blog/2014/jan/09/female-corpses-fashion-
trend-marc-jacobs-miley-cyrus
http://www.educationcareer.net.au/archived-news/rugby-bans-planned-if-punch-ups-aren-t-
canned
http://archive.avenuecalgary.com/articles/a-hardhitting-read-violence-in-sports
http://lastangryfan.com/2010/01/your-excessive-violence-in-rugby-post-of-the-week/

23. https://www.google.com.au/search?safe=active&tbm=isch&q=violence+in+sport&ei=7eIpVY_IMYSB
8QXY-YHwDQ#safe=active&tbm=isch&q=mma&imgrc=KY-
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http://albello.com/#/boxing-mma/Boxing-16
https://www.mycomicshop.com/search?TID=337691
http://canvas.grolsch.com/film-works/women-in-refrigerators-movie-trope-needs-to-end
http://studio83.co.za/news/2009/07/22/1065
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women_in_Refrigerators
http://www.zoom-comics.com/archives/5183/moon-knight-is-violent/
http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laura_Palmer
http://therealsingapore.com/content/attitude-problem-individuals-will-get-more-aggressive-after-
watching-violent-movies-study
http://galleryhip.com/gladiator-quotes.html

24. http://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/in-movies-violence-against-women-lets-filmmakers-
indulge-toxic-fantasies/2014/09/19/36ea6e36-3f3d-11e4-b03f-de718edeb92f_story.html
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