- This study evaluated 120 elderly patients with intertrochanteric hip fractures who were randomized to receive either zoledronic acid or a placebo after surgical treatment.
- Outcome measures including functional scores and bone mineral density were higher in the treatment group who received zoledronic acid compared to the placebo group.
- Mortality rates at 12 months were lower in the treatment group at 24.5% compared to the placebo group.
- The study concluded that the use of zoledronic acid after surgical treatment of intertrochanteric hip fractures in osteoporotic elderly patients over 65 years old is a safe treatment modality.
This presentation by Gail Clayton, Lead MS Clinical Nurse Specialist and Jacki Smee, MS Clinical Nurse Specialist at Cardiff and Vale University Health Board explores setting up an Alemtuzumab service. It includes: patient selection, infusion related and long-term side-effects, ongoing monitoring requirements, potential challenges and case studies.
It was presented at the MS Trust Annual Conference in November 2013.
G112 Ito & Shiromaru (2009). Patients’ coping strategies before and after ab...Takehiko Ito
G112 Ito & Shiromaru (2009). Patients’ coping strategies before and after abdominal surgery: A questionnaire survey. The 1st International Nursing Research Conference of World Academy of Nursing Science, Kobe: Program & Abstracts, 235.
The effect of hot intermittent cupping on pain, stiffness and disability of p...LucyPi1
Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hot intermittent cupping on pain, stiffness and inability of patients with knee osteoarthritis (KO). Methods: The present study was a clinical trial, which was performed on 38 patients with KO referring to Gonabad Rheumatology Specialty Clinic. Based on permutation block method, the research units were divided into cupping therapy and control groups. For the cupping therapy group, four sessions of cupping therapy were performed every four days. To collect data, the form of demographic information, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and the Western Ontario and McMaster (WOMAC) osteoarthritis scale were used, and the data were analyzed by SPSS software v. 16 using descriptive statistics and independent t-test, paired t-test, Chi-square test and Fishers exact test with a significance level of P < 0.05. Results: Findings showed that there was no significant difference between the cupping therapy and control groups in terms of demographic characteristics and they were homogeneous. Findings indicated that, based on VAS, the mean pain intensity in the left (P < 0.001) and the right knees (P < 0.001), as well as based on WOMAC, stiffness (P = 0.006), pain intensity (P < 0.001) and disability (P < 0.001) in the cupping therapy group significantly decreased compared to the control group. Conclusion: Findings showed that hot intermittent cupping therapy reduced the pain intensity, stiffness and disability in patients with KO.
This presentation by Gail Clayton, Lead MS Clinical Nurse Specialist and Jacki Smee, MS Clinical Nurse Specialist at Cardiff and Vale University Health Board explores setting up an Alemtuzumab service. It includes: patient selection, infusion related and long-term side-effects, ongoing monitoring requirements, potential challenges and case studies.
It was presented at the MS Trust Annual Conference in November 2013.
G112 Ito & Shiromaru (2009). Patients’ coping strategies before and after ab...Takehiko Ito
G112 Ito & Shiromaru (2009). Patients’ coping strategies before and after abdominal surgery: A questionnaire survey. The 1st International Nursing Research Conference of World Academy of Nursing Science, Kobe: Program & Abstracts, 235.
The effect of hot intermittent cupping on pain, stiffness and disability of p...LucyPi1
Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hot intermittent cupping on pain, stiffness and inability of patients with knee osteoarthritis (KO). Methods: The present study was a clinical trial, which was performed on 38 patients with KO referring to Gonabad Rheumatology Specialty Clinic. Based on permutation block method, the research units were divided into cupping therapy and control groups. For the cupping therapy group, four sessions of cupping therapy were performed every four days. To collect data, the form of demographic information, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and the Western Ontario and McMaster (WOMAC) osteoarthritis scale were used, and the data were analyzed by SPSS software v. 16 using descriptive statistics and independent t-test, paired t-test, Chi-square test and Fishers exact test with a significance level of P < 0.05. Results: Findings showed that there was no significant difference between the cupping therapy and control groups in terms of demographic characteristics and they were homogeneous. Findings indicated that, based on VAS, the mean pain intensity in the left (P < 0.001) and the right knees (P < 0.001), as well as based on WOMAC, stiffness (P = 0.006), pain intensity (P < 0.001) and disability (P < 0.001) in the cupping therapy group significantly decreased compared to the control group. Conclusion: Findings showed that hot intermittent cupping therapy reduced the pain intensity, stiffness and disability in patients with KO.
A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INTRADIALYTIC EXERCISE ON MUSCLE CRAMPS AND QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG PATIENTS UNDERGOING HEMODIALYSIS IN SELECTED HOSPITAL,CHENNAI
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Pahrmaceutical Science. IJPSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INTRADIALYTIC EXERCISE ON MUSCLE CRAMPS AND QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG PATIENTS UNDERGOING HEMODIALYSIS IN SELECTED HOSPITAL,CHENNAI
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Pahrmaceutical Science. IJPSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
Project risk management is an important aspect of project management. According to the Project Management Institute's PMBOK, Risk management is one of the ten knowledge areas in which a project manager must be competent
Matt Anstey is an intensivist from Sir Charles Gardiner hospital in Perth, Australia.
He gave this talk on outcomes after intensive care at an ICN WA meeting in Perth last year.
QUALITY OF LIFE AS A PREDICTOR OF POST OPERATIVE OUTCOME FOLLOWING REVASCULAR...Shantonu Kumar Ghosh
World Health Organization (WHO) defines quality of life as an individual’s perception of their position in life in the context of the culture and value systems in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns.8
QOL encompasses the concept of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and other domains such as environment, family and work. HRQOL is the extent to which one’s usual or expected physical, emotional and social well-being is affected by a medical condition or its treatment.9
For patients suffering from peripheral arterial disease (PAD), quality of life (QoL) has become as important as medical outcome end points, such as mortality and morbidity, to evaluate the effect of disease and treatment.10
monarchE trial studied the benefit of adding abimaciclib to endocrine therapy (the standard of care for HR+/Her- early breast cancer) compared to endocrine therapy alone.
Low Back Pain & Sciatica, a brief epidemiological introduction and review of 2 articles with conflicting findings addressing the prognostic factors and outcome.
Cancer Survivorship Care: Global Perspectives and Opportunities for Nurse-Le...Carevive
The 18th CNSA Annual Winter Congress, held Perth, Australia will featured On Q Health’s co-founder Dr. Carrie Stricker as a keynote speaker. The theme for this year’s edition is “Cancer Nursing: Expanding the Possibilities” and will focus on exploring the opportunities that exist in cancer nursing in 2015 and beyond.
everytime i listen to a lecture, i wonder...shall i teach someone about ignoring, or how to ignore something...this concept was actually started with a though, how to ignore a teacher...Phylosophical presentation...
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
ABDOMINAL TRAUMA in pediatrics part one.drhasanrajab
Abdominal trauma in pediatrics refers to injuries or damage to the abdominal organs in children. It can occur due to various causes such as falls, motor vehicle accidents, sports-related injuries, and physical abuse. Children are more vulnerable to abdominal trauma due to their unique anatomical and physiological characteristics. Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, tenderness, distension, vomiting, and signs of shock. Diagnosis involves physical examination, imaging studies, and laboratory tests. Management depends on the severity and may involve conservative treatment or surgical intervention. Prevention is crucial in reducing the incidence of abdominal trauma in children.
DISSERTATION on NEW DRUG DISCOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT STAGES OF DRUG DISCOVERYNEHA GUPTA
The process of drug discovery and development is a complex and multi-step endeavor aimed at bringing new pharmaceutical drugs to market. It begins with identifying and validating a biological target, such as a protein, gene, or RNA, that is associated with a disease. This step involves understanding the target's role in the disease and confirming that modulating it can have therapeutic effects. The next stage, hit identification, employs high-throughput screening (HTS) and other methods to find compounds that interact with the target. Computational techniques may also be used to identify potential hits from large compound libraries.
Following hit identification, the hits are optimized to improve their efficacy, selectivity, and pharmacokinetic properties, resulting in lead compounds. These leads undergo further refinement to enhance their potency, reduce toxicity, and improve drug-like characteristics, creating drug candidates suitable for preclinical testing. In the preclinical development phase, drug candidates are tested in vitro (in cell cultures) and in vivo (in animal models) to evaluate their safety, efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics. Toxicology studies are conducted to assess potential risks.
Before clinical trials can begin, an Investigational New Drug (IND) application must be submitted to regulatory authorities. This application includes data from preclinical studies and plans for clinical trials. Clinical development involves human trials in three phases: Phase I tests the drug's safety and dosage in a small group of healthy volunteers, Phase II assesses the drug's efficacy and side effects in a larger group of patients with the target disease, and Phase III confirms the drug's efficacy and monitors adverse reactions in a large population, often compared to existing treatments.
After successful clinical trials, a New Drug Application (NDA) is submitted to regulatory authorities for approval, including all data from preclinical and clinical studies, as well as proposed labeling and manufacturing information. Regulatory authorities then review the NDA to ensure the drug is safe, effective, and of high quality, potentially requiring additional studies. Finally, after a drug is approved and marketed, it undergoes post-marketing surveillance, which includes continuous monitoring for long-term safety and effectiveness, pharmacovigilance, and reporting of any adverse effects.
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/kqbnxVAZs-0
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/SINlygW1Mpc
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
2. Introduction
• Intertrochanteric femoral fractures are often seen in the 6th and 8th
decades and associated with morbidity, decrease in daily functions, and
mortality in elderly patients.
– S. J. Jacobsen, J. Goldberg, T. P. Miles, J. A. Brody, W. Stiers, and A. A. Rimm, “Hip fracture incidence among the old and very old: a
population-based study of 745,435 cases,” American Journal of Public Health, vol. 80, no. 7, pp. 871–873, 1990.
• Mortality rates range from 15% to 30%
– S.Boonen,P.Autier,M.Barette,D.Vanderschueren,P.Lips,and P. Haentjens, “Functional outcome and quality of life following hip fracture in
elderly women: a prospective controlled study,” Osteoporosis International, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 87–94, 2004.
• surgical treatment and early weight bearing are regarded as the standard
approach
– S. T. Canale, Campbell’s Operative Orthopaedics, vol. 3, Gu ̈ne ̧s Tıp Kitabevleri, 11th edition, 2011, Turkish Translation Edited by M.
Basbozkurt, C. Yıldız.
3. Zoledronic Acid
• a potent bisphosphonate used in the treatment of
osteoporosis.
• Especially used in the treatment of hip and vertebral
fractures due to osteoporosis in postmenopausal
women
– J. Melton and C. Cooper, “Magnitude and impact of osteoporo- sis and fractures,” in Osteoporosis, R. Marcus, D. D. Feldman, and J. Kelsey,
Eds., vol. 1, pp. 557–567, Academic Press, San Diego, Calif, USA, 2001.
• Shown in clinical studies to accelerate fracture healing
and to inhibit the formation of new fractures
– M. J. Gardner, R. H. Brophy, D. Demetrakopoulos et al., “Interventions to improve osteoporosis treatment following hip fracture: a
prospective, randomized trial,” e Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery—American Volume, vol. 87, no. 1, pp. 3–7, 2005.
4.
5. Clinical question
• Population
– 120 eldery patients with intertrochanteric fracture
• Intervention
– Treatment group (received zoledronic acid 5mg post operatively)
• Comparison
– Placebo group (Normal saline)
• Outcome
– Zoledronic acid after treatment of hip fracture in elderly is a safe
treatment modality.
6. Participants
• Key selection criteria
– Elderly 65 years old or above intertrochanteric fracture
• Excluding criteria
– Age below 65 years
– Pathological fractures
– Being bedridden prior to the fracture
– Any disease contraindicated to zoledronic acid
– Any disease that creates more than two comorbidities
– Trauma other than falling
– Additional fractures to intertrochanteric femur fracture
• Inclusion/exclusion criteria suitable for the study
7. • Study type
– Prospective controlled randomized
• Study population
– Enrolled were all elderly 65 years old or above with
intertrochanteric fracture
• Randomization
– Patients were consecutively divided into 2 groups according to
the sequential order of arrival and the first patient was included
in treatment group
• Bias
– Exposed
– Randomization
– Not blinded to reduce experimental bias
8. Intervention and comparison
• Prospective, controlled, randomized clinical study
• 120 elderly intertrochanteric fractures enrolled who
underwent surgical osteosynthesis
• Received 1200mg of calcium carbonate and 1000IU Vitamin
D
• Treatment group received 5mg zoledronic acid
• The study period was between the years 2012 and 2013
9. • During their time period of study
– 60 patients in each group
– 4 from treatment group and 2 from placebo group
were excluded
• All patients underwent surgical osteosynthesis
and intretrochanteric antegrade nail (INTERTAN)
• All patients were mobilized with walker for
postoperative 6 weeks
10. Methodology
• The number of the patients was figured out by 95% confidence
level and power analysis to decrease mortality rates from 25% to
15% and 55 patients were determined for each group.
• Categorical data were analyzed by using chi-square test.
• Variations of functional scores in intragroup and intergroup
combinations were compared with repeated ANOVA and post hoc
Bon- ferroni method.
• Group mean survival times were estimated with Kaplan-Meier
method.
11. • Comparison of mean survival times was investigated with
Log-Rank test.
• Quantitative characteristics of the two groups were
analyzed by 𝑡-test, for independent groups in terms of
mean comparisons.
• Cox regression model was used to show which of multiple
factors had significant effect on mortality.
• IBM-SPSS 20 program was used for analysis.
• In all tests, the level of significance was adjusted to 0.05.
12. Methodology
– Method and approach to the study were diligent
– Process was consistent
– Follow complete in both the groups
– Outcome measures and appropriate
– Statistical tools used were suitable and correctly
interpreted
13. Results
Average merle d’Aaubigne score at 12 months was 14.58 in treatment group
and 12.68 at control group.
Good results were achieved in treatment group as well as in controlled group
14. The average HSS was 81,93 in treatment group at the end of postoperative 1st year, it
was found to be 72.9 in control group.
While 83.4% (40/48) excellent and very good results were achieved in treatment
group, 57.9% (22/38) excellent and very good results were obtained in control group
15. Zoledronic acid was determined to provide significant increase at the bone mineral
density
16. The mortality rate of 114 patients with mean follow up time of
9.54 months has been found to be 24.5%
17. In terms of functional results, Harris hip score and Merle d’Aubigne score showed parallelism and
remained consistently higher in the treatment group from the 6th week.
18. Discussion and interpretation
• Strength and weakness of the study
– All patients underwent the surgical procedure in a single institution, in
which they were given standard
• their perioperative care
• The type of anesthesia,
• fixation mode
• rehabilitation protocol,
• pain management,
• perioperative antibiotics
• Postoperative management
19. • Strength and weakness of the study
– The study only evaluated the incidence of clinically important unstable
intertrochanteric fracture
– Only used zoledronic acid for the treatment of osteoporosis
– Prospective, Radomized controlled clinical study
– Underwent osteosynthesis,
• unable to mention the duration of operation,
• operating surgeon,
• need for blood transfusion
20. • Strength and weakness of the study
– Low number of patients
– Did not used any radiological scoring
– Inability to assess joining time
– The groups being nonhomogenous because of dying patients
– They were unable to determine the exact cause of death
– They pointed out that the death occurred in the first 3 months in both group
– emphasized on the need of further investigation.
21. Clinical Context
• Why not we start using zoledronic acid
postoperatively?
– Common in our population
– Frequently treat elderly with intertrochanteric fracture
– Literature has shown
• Mortality occurs in first 3 months
• Zoledronic acid use decreases the mortality rate
– We need our own study.
22. Conclusion
The use of zoledronic acid after surgical treatment of
intertrochanteric femoral fractures in osteoporotic over 65 year
old patients is a safe treatment modality
Intertrochanteric femoral fractures are often seen in the 6th and 8th decades and associated with morbidity, decrease in daily functions, and mortality in elderly patients.
Although mortality rates range from 15% to 30%, the femoral fractures particularly show an increase within the year after the fracture occurs
As higher mortality and morbidity rates were reported with conservative treatment in intertrochanteric fractures, surgical treatment and early weight bearing are regarded as the standard approach
Because of high rate of bone union in intertrochanteric fractures due to occurring in extra capsular and cancellous bone, rigid internal Fixation methods are considered as the first choice in surgical treatment.
A summary of the data was presented as mean, standard deviation, and percentage.
Merle d’Aubigne scoring is done by evaluating pain, walking ability and joint range of motion
Average merle d aubigne score at 12 months was 14.58 in treatment group and 12.68 at control group.
In our study, 86 patients whose follow-up was completed at the end of postoperative 1st year were functionally assessed with Harris hip score and the Merle d’Aubigne ́ scale at the 6th week, 3rd month, 6th month, and 12th month (Tables 2 and 3). While the average HSS was 81,93 in treatment group at the end of postoperative 1st year, it was found to be 72.9 in control group. While 83.4% (40/48) excellent and very good results were achieved in treatment group, 57.9% (22/38) excellent and very good results were obtained in control group. Similar results were also seen in the Merle d’Aubigne ́ score. While 66.7% (32/48) excellent and good results were obtained in treatment group, 26.4% (10/38) excellent and good results were obtained in control group (Tables 2 and 3).
In our study, 86 patients whose follow-up was completed at the end of postoperative 1st year were functionally assessed with Harris hip score and the Merle d’Aubigne ́ scale at the 6th week, 3rd month, 6th month, and 12th month (Tables 2 and 3). While the average HSS was 81,93 in treatment group at the end of postoperative 1st year, it was found to be 72.9 in control group. While 83.4% (40/48) excellent and very good results were achieved in treatment group, 57.9% (22/38) excellent and very good results were obtained in control group. Similar results were also seen in the Merle d’Aubigne ́ score. While 66.7% (32/48) excellent and good results were obtained in treatment group, 26.4% (10/38) excellent and good results were obtained in control group (Tables 2 and 3).
in our study, bone mineral density in the postoperative 1st year was assessed by DEXA. Intergroup and intragroup di erences were evaluated by 𝑡-test. Zoledronic acid was determined to provide signi cant increase at the bone mineral density (Table 4) and was seen consistent with the literature
In their study, mortality rate of 114 patients with the mean follow up time of 9.54 months because of the death has been found as 24.5% (28/114)
The patients time of death has been determined to be 57.1% (16/28) in the first 3 months and 92.9% (26/28) in the first 6 months and has been consisten with the literature.
The use of zoledronic acid after surgical treatment of intertrochanteric femoral fractures in osteoporotic over 65 year old patients is a safe treatment modality which helps to reduce mortality, improves functional outcomes and has less side effects with single does use per year