The document discusses various topics related to validity and testing including: - Different types of validity including content, criterion-related, and construct validity - Factors that can affect the generalizability of test results such as reliability and systematic bias - Responsibility for ensuring valid assessment use lies with both test authors and users - Considerations for adapting tests and providing accommodations for students with disabilities to ensure accurate assessment - Process for determining a student's eligibility for special services including establishing educational need and exceptionality - Behaviors and domains that intelligence tests aim to sample as representations of a student's capacity - Individual intelligence tests that are commonly used in practice including Stanford-Binet, Weschler scales, and non