1. 1
ONLINE ASSIGNMENT
Submitted to
Miss. Uma Jyothi
Social Science Teacher
Submitted by
Anila Angel M.S.
Optional: Social Science
2. 2
TOPIC
NEED OF RESEARCH IN THE TEACHING LEARNING PROCESS
3. 3
INDEX
Sl. No. CONTENT
1. Introduction
2. Research
3. Definition of research
4. Knowledge and research
5. Research and progress
6. Characterstics of research
7. Significance of research
8. Steps in research
9. Conclusion
10. Reference
4. 4
INTRODUCTION
Research can be creative, exploring or just reassuring in nature. Research can
affect a subject both positively and negatively and can be constructive or destructive
in nature. Research comprises "creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in
order to increase the stock of knowledge, including knowledge of man, culture and
society, and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new applications. It is used to
establish or confirm facts, reaffirm the results of previous work, solve new or existing
problems, support theorems, or develop new theories. A research project may also be
an expansion on past work in the field. The primary purposes of basic research are
documentation, discovery, interpretation, or the research and development of methods
and systems for the advancement of human knowledge. There are several forms of
research: scientific, artistic, economic, social, business, marketing, practitioner
research, etc. Here, we may discuss about the need of research in the teaching learning
process.
RESEARCH
Research is such a vast and multi-dimensional concept that ordinary
definitions cannot project its meanings completely. Research is endless quest for
knowledge or unending search for truth. It brings to light new knowledge or corrects
previous error and misconceptions and adds in an orderly way to the existing body of
knowledge. The knowledge obtained by research is scientific and objective and is a
matter of rational understanding, common verification and experience. It is a
deliberate effort to collect information, to sift it, to analyze it, to put it together and to
evaluate it. It is a careful search for solutions to the problems that plague and puzzle
5. the mankind. Research can be classified under three broad categories: basic or
5
fundamental research, applied research and action research.
DEFINITIONS OF RESEARCH
J.W. Best – “Research is considered to be the more formal, systematic,
intensive process of carrying on the scientific method of analysis. It involves a
more systematic structure of investigation usually resulting in some sort of
formal record of procedures and a report of results or conclusions”.
Travers – “Educational research is that activity which is directed towards
development of a science of behaviour in educational institutions. The ultimate
aim of such a science is to provide knowledge that will permit the educator to
achieve his goals by the most effective methods”.
George G. Mouly – “Any systematic study designed to promote the
development of education as a science can be considered educational research”.
KNOWLEDGE AND RESEARCH
Human knowledge works at two levels. At the primary level it functions as the
basis of useful human activities, as when a teacher solves mathematical problems for
the students or as when a doctor uses his knowledge is employed to obtain increments
in the existing knowledge. It takes us beyond the frontiers of present knowledge. Both
breaking fresh and improving existing knowledge, are the proper function of research.
The knowledge which accrues from research is verified and is verifiable by
anybody who may like to do so. The process by which it has been derived is replicable
6. i.e. it can be repeated and stated result confirmed. It is objective and capable of ‘third
6
party verification’.
RESEARCH AND PROGRESS
Research has proved to be an essential and powerful tool in leading man
towards progress. Without systematic research, and its application, there would have
been very little progress. “The secret of our cultural development has been research,
pushing back the areas of ignorance by discovering new truth, which in turn, lead to
better ways of doing things and better products”.
All significant research leads to progress in one field of life or the other. Every
other day new ways of doing things enter into our lives. All of these and many more
are the fruits and rewards of our research effort. The gifts of research are exceedingly
evident in the form of cures for diseases considered earlier as incurable, machines
capable to replace man, green revolution, taming of rivers, sophisticated methods and
techniques for every profession, scientific understanding of human behaviour,
knowledge explosion and so on.
CHARACTERISTICS OF RESEARCH
Research gathers first hand data: Research endeavours to search the first hand
source of data instead of serving its purpose with the data available from
second hand source.
Research is expert, systematic and accurate investigation: Before undertaking
any investigation he plans his procedures carefully. The data are gathered,
recorded and analyzed with as complete accuracy as possible. He uses
7. standardised and valid data-gathering tools or instruments as he can find or
devise. He also employs mechanical means to improve upon the accuracy of
7
human observation, recording and computation of data.
Research is patient and unhurried: The researcher is willing to make
painstaking effort. He works patiently towards sound conclusions. He realizes
that significant findings do not come as a result of hurried and careless
procedures.
Research requires courage: The researcher is not afraid of unpleasant
consequences of his findings. He has the guts to speak and record the truth. He
is willing to follow his procedures to conclusions that may be unpopular and
bring social disapproval.
Research is highly purposive: It deals with a significant problem which
demands a solution.
Research maintains rigours standards: Researcher is an imaginative person
possessing highest integrity. He takes each step according to expected
specification and norms.
Research usually involves, as a step, a hypothesis: Hypotheses concerning the
tentative explanation of a phenomenon or the solution of a problem.
Research is logical and objective: Applying every possible test to verify the
data collected and the procedures employed. The researcher eliminates personal
feelings and preferences from his research activity. He argues within the scope
and relevance of his data. He builds only those generalizations which directly
emerge out of the data.
8. Research is carefully recorded and reported: All procedures are in detail, all
limited factors are recognized, all references are carefully documented and all
result is objectively recorded. All conclusions and generalization are cautiously
arrived at with due consideration for all of the limitations of methodology, data
8
collected, and errors of human interpretation.
SIGNIFICANCE OF RESEARCH
1. To gather necessary information: Research provides you with all necessary
information in field of your work, study or operation before you begin working
on it. Research also helps them acquainted with the processes and resources
involved and reception from the market. This information helps in the
successful outcome of the work.
2. To make changes: Research helps us find the root cause and associated
elements of a process. The end result of such a research invokes a demand for
change and sometimes it is successful in producing changes as well.
3. Improving standard of living: Only through research new inventions and
discoveries come into life. Addicted as we are to mobile phones, we need to
understand that all the luxuries and the amenities that are now available to us
are the result of research done by someone. And with the world facing more
crisis each day, we need researchers to find new solutions to tackle them.
4. For a safer life: Research has made ground breaking discoveries and
development in the field of education, health, nutrition, food technology and
medicine.
9. 5. To know the truth: Research is needed to investigate, expose and bring out the
9
truth.
6. Explore our history: Research about our planets history and human history has
enabled us to learn and understand more about our forefathers and helped us to
learn from their mistakes and absorb good things from their life.
7. Understanding arts: This helps us in understanding the work of artists in
literature, paintings, and sculptures if no research is conducted into any of
these, we will never be able to understand any of these as per the artist’s
imagination.
STEPS IN RESEARCH
The major steps in conducting research are:
1. Identification of research problem
2. Literature review
3. Specifying the purpose of research
4. Determine specific research questions or hypotheses
5. Data collection
6. Analyzing and interpreting the data
7. Reporting and evaluating research
8. Communicating the research findings and recommendations
10. The steps generally represent the overall process; however they should be
viewed as an ever-changing interactive process rather than a fixed set of steps. Most
researches begin with a general statement of the problem, or rather, the purpose for
engaging in the study. The research question may be parallel to the hypothesis. The
hypothesis is the supposition to be tested. The researchers collect data to test the
hypothesis. The researchers then analyze and interpret the data via a variety of
statistical methods, engaging in what is known as empirical research. The results of
the data analysis in confirming or failing to reject the null hypothesis are then reported
10
and evaluated. At the end the researcher may discuss avenues for further research.
CONCLUSION
Research is a process of finding facts and arranging them in such a manner that
information is obtained regarding any fact, figure or phenomenon. The basis for
educational research is the scientific method. It is a method to get first hand data.
Research is needed to investigate and expose these and bring out the truth. Research is
actually an act of studying something care corded properly. Research is not only a
process that is limited to the field of science. It can, as well, cater to people and
scholars from artistic, historic or any other field where an individual is willing to do
extensive study to get relevant information. The goal of all research is progress and
good life. It is one of the most valuable services rendered towards mankind. It
enhances the efficiency of all the agencies engaged in the welfare and the uplift of
man. Research is very essential in all fields of the study. It has great relevance in
teaching learning process also.
11. 11
REFERENCE
researchttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
“Research in education”- John W. Best, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New
Delhi.
