This document provides an overview of the key topics covered in the EDUC309 course unit 1, which includes the taxonomy of educational objectives in the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains. It also discusses educational measurements, including the concepts, needs, and scope of measurement. Specifically, it describes criterion-referenced and norm-referenced measurements and how achievement, skills, and attitudes can be measured. Measurement tools and methods like tests, scales, and observations are explained.

1. COURSE CODE- EDUC309

2. unit-1
•Taxonomy of educational objectives : cognitive affective and
psychomotor domain
•Educational measurements : concept, need and scope
•Criterion and norm refrenced measurement
•Mesasuremet of achievement , skill and attitude

3. Taxonomy of education objectives(शिक्षा क
े
उद्देश्यों का वर्गीकरण)
Overview of learning process wrt objectives
 All mental processes can be learned, even the most
complex or difficult. सभी मानशसक प्रशियाओों कय सीखा जा
सकता है, यहााँ तक शक सबसे जशिल या कशिन भी।
 Thinking skills should be taught throughout the
curriculum, not just after students mastered the
subject knowledge. सयचने क
े कौिल कय पूरे पाठ्यिम में
पढाया जाना चाशहए, न शक क
े वल छात्यों द्वारा शवषय ज्ञान में
महारत हाशसल करने क
े बाद।

4. Contd…
 Educational Objectives: objectives depict what
students should be able to do at the end of a learning
activity. ”.उद्देश्यों से पता चलता है शक सीखने की र्गशतशवशि क
े
अोंत में छात्यों कय क्या करने में सक्षम हयना चाशहए।
 As Educational objectives are more focused on the
learner’s performance, it is also called as “learning
objective• चूोंशक िैशक्षक उद्देश् शिक्षार्थी क
े प्रदिशन पर अशिक
क
ें शित हयते हैं, इसशलए इसे "सीखने का उद्देश्" भी कहा जाता
है।

5. Contd…
 Taxonomy : A hierarchical model that describes
1.classification and 2.sequencing procedures.(एक
पदानुिशमत मॉडल जय 1.वर्गीकरण और 2.अनुिमण
प्रशियाओों का वणशन करता है।)
 Taxonomy of educational objectives: a model that
described the different levels of learning outcomes
that target what skills and competencies the teachers
aim to develop in the learners in 3 domains.

6. Contd…(blooms taxonomy )
मनयप्रेरणा
भावात्मक
सोंज्ञानात्मक क्षेत्
https://cft.vanderbilt.edu/guides-sub-pages/blooms-

7. •Attitude formation : affec
domain
•Writing skill, driving skil
psychomotor domain
•Learning a concept : cogn
aspect

8. Refrence
 https://thepeakperformancecenter.com/educational-
learning/learning/process/domains-of-
learning/psychomotor-domain/ (english )
 https://sstmaster.com/bloom-taxonomy-in-hindi/
(hindi )
 Used for assessment of educational learning /
objectives.

9. Educational measurements : concept, need and
scope (िैशक्षक माप: अविारणा, आवश्कता और
कायशक्षेत्)
What is theConcept of measuring education ?????? शिक्षा को क
ै से मापें?????
Why to measure education ????(need)
What to measure in education??(scope)
Educational measurement refers to the use of educational assessments and
the analysis of data such as scores obtained from educational assessments to
infer the abilities and proficiencies of students.(िैशक्षक माप िैशक्षक आकलन क
े उपयोग
और डेटा क
े शिश्लेषण को संदशभित करता है जैसे िैशक्षक आकलन से प्राप्त अोंक छात्यों की
क्षमताओं और दक्षताओं का अनुमान लगाने क
े शलए)

10. Contd…
 According to Tyler, “Measurement is the assignment of
numerals, according to rules”(िायलर क
े अनुसार, “शनयमयों
क
े अनुसार अोंकयों का शनिाशरण ही मापन है”)
 The main characteristics of measurement are as
follows: 1. Numbers are assigned according to some
rules. 2. Concerned with certain attributes or features
of an object. 3. Numerals are used to represent
quantities of the attribute. 4. It involves the process of
quantification. It means precision and quantification
of a phenomenon or variable.
It is Assignment of numbers acc to rule
It is Related to certain crietaria
The Numbers in measurement represent quantity
Non comparable
No true “zero” point

11. Scope of educational measurement
 Measurement of educational achievementिैशक्षक
उपलब्धि – ( teacher made test )
 Intelligence बुब्धि,
 Interest, रुशच,
 Abilityक्षमता
 Aptitudeययग्यता
 Other traits of students related to education. और छात्यों
क
े अन्य लक्षणयों का मापन.
 Attitude ( attitude scale )
िैशक्षक माप क
े दायरे

12. Refrences
 https://www.samareducation.com/2022/11/educationa
l-measurement-in-hindi.html (hindi)
 http://studylecturenotes.com/educational-
measurement-definition-concept-of-educational-
measurement/ (english)

13. How to measure
education ??????
Types of
measurement ---
Type of
measurement
Criterion
refrenced
Norm
refrenced

14.  Norm-referenced test is the process of
grading/ assigning numbers to the learning
of students by ranking them against the
performance of their peers. सामान्य-
संदशभित परीक्षण छात्ों को उनक
े साशियों क
े
प्रदििन क
े खिलाफ रैंशक
ं ग करक
े उनक
े सीिने
क
े शलए ग्रेशडंग/नंबर आिंशटत करने की प्रशिया
है।
 Criteria referenced test is the process of
grading/assigning numbers to the learning of
students against a set of pre-specified
criteria मानदोंड सोंदशभशत परीक्षण पूवश-शनशदशष्ट
मानदोंडयों क
े एक सेि क
े शवरुि छात्यों क
े सीखने क
े
शलए ग्रेशडोंर्ग/नोंबर असाइन करने की प्रशिया है।
Top score
Criteria
Criterion referenced
Objective is there
Percentage rank
Norm referenced
Performance based
Percentile rank

16. Measurement Of Achievement
 Measurement of achievement is done by
achievement test (उपलखि परीक्षण)
 Achievement test is used to measure the academic
performance of an individual.
 Characteristics of good achievement test - reliable
, valid ,usable and objective .
 Achievement test could be standardise or non-
standardise(teachers made)
https://www.formpl.us/blog/achievement-tests

17. Attitude measurement
 Measurement of attitude is done with the help of
attitude scale (दृशिकोण पैमाने) (attitude is what one
thinks and believes. It influence his choice of action)
 Attitude can not be measured in absolute terms. It
can be observed in terms of opinion which can be
elicited from an individual’s overt behaviour- both
verbal and non verbal.
 Attitude scale, is a tool prepared for the purpose of
measuring people's attitude to an issue.
मनयवृशि कय शनरपेक्ष रूप से नहीों मापा जा सकता है।
इसे राय क
े सोंदभश में देखा जा सकता है,
जय शकसी व्यब्धि क
े प्रत्यक्ष व्यवहार- मौब्धखक और र्गैर-मौब्धखक
दयनयों से प्राप्त शकया जा सकता है।

18. Contd..
 Self-report inventories- checklist marked by researcher himself/herself during
स्व-ररपयिश सूची- अवलयकन या साक्षात्कार क
े दौरान स्वयों ियिकताश द्वारा शचशित
चेकशलस्टobservation or interview.
 Survey सवे
 Interviewसाक्षात्कार
 The biographical method- The life story method is also known as the life
history, biographical method and similar, which is a retrospective narrative
of an individual about his life or parts of life in either written or oral form
triggered by another person (Bornat, 2008; Tierney, 2000;Watson & Watson-
Franke, 1985) जीवनी पिशत- जीवन कहानी पिशत कय जीवन इशतहास, जीवनी पिशत
और इसी तरह क
े रूप में भी जाना जाता है, जय शकसी व्यब्धि क
े जीवन या जीवन क
े क
ु छ
शहस्यों क
े बारे में शलब्धखत या मौब्धखक रूप से शकसी अन्य व्यब्धि द्वारा िुरू की र्गई एक
पूवशव्यापी कर्था है
 Indirect observationअप्रत्यक्ष अवलयकन

19. Skill measurement
 Skills are measured using performance tests for
example Picture completion, drawing tests ,laboratory
test etc.
 A criteria or skill set(indicatorscoring is done
accordingly ) is determined first.
 grading is done accordingly