Education process by Susan Bastable
susan bastable, education process, health education, educ20, assessment, planning, implementation, evaluation, assure model, apie model, patient education, staff education
The document discusses various theories of teaching including formal, descriptive, normative, meutic, communication, moulding, mutual inquiry, cognitive, and general theories of teaching. It also discusses Gagne's hierarchical theory of instruction, Atkinson's decision theoretic analysis, and Bruner's cognitive developmental theory of instruction. Key variables in teaching theories are identified as the teacher, students, learning objectives, and learning theories. The purpose of teaching theories is to explain and predict teaching methods and evaluate their effectiveness.
Pragmatism is an American philosophy that emerged in the 1850s. It views ideas as tools for solving problems and believes that the meaning and truth of ideas come from their practical consequences and real-world applications. Major exponents include Charles Sanders Peirce, William James, and John Dewey. Pragmatism emphasizes experience, action, and practical results over abstract theorizing. It influenced progressive education by stressing learning by doing, integrating subjects, using projects, and making education more relevant to students' lives and society.
Bloom’s Taxonomy of Educational Objectives.pptxAtul Thakur
Bloom's Taxonomy is a framework for classifying educational goals and objectives into three domains: Cognitive, Affective, and Psychomotor. The Cognitive Domain focuses on intellectual skills and includes six levels of objectives from basic recall or recognition of facts to the more complex levels of analysis, synthesis, and evaluation. Bloom's Taxonomy provides a useful structure for teachers to design objectives, assessments, and lessons that address different levels of learning.
The document discusses the lecture method of teaching, which involves the teacher lecturing to students as the primary means of instruction. Some key points:
- The lecture method is teacher-centered, with the teacher controlling the flow of information and students playing a passive role as listeners.
- It is commonly used for large classes in colleges and schools to quickly cover curricula. However, it is not ideal for realizing the goals of teaching science.
- Effective lectures are planned considering factors like the audience, purpose, time available, and subject matter.
- Lectures can be used to introduce new topics, review material, or present history.
- Advantages include low cost and covering content quickly
This document discusses programmed instruction, a method of teaching developed by B.F. Skinner. It involves breaking content down into small sequential steps, requiring active student responses, and providing immediate feedback. There are two types: linear programming presents content in a fixed order, while branched programming allows different paths based on student responses. Programmed instruction aims to individualize learning by allowing students to self-pace and receive continuous assessment. While it ensures students learn independently, developing effective programs can be difficult and time-consuming.
The document outlines several maxims of teaching that are general rules for effective teaching derived from years of teaching experience. It discusses maxims such as teaching from the known to the unknown, from simple to complex, from concrete to abstract, from particular to general, from whole to part, from psychological to logical, from induction to deduction, from empirical to rational, and from analysis to synthesis. Examples are provided for each maxim.
This document discusses various theories of teaching. It defines theories of teaching according to different scholars and discusses the need for theories of teaching. It classifies theories of teaching into formal/philosophical theories, descriptive theories, and normative theories. Under formal theories, it describes the maieutic, communication, molding, and mutual inquiry theories. It provides details on Gagne's hierarchical theory of instruction, Atkinson's decision theory, and Bruner's cognitive development theory under descriptive theories. Finally, it outlines cognitive theory of teaching, theory of teacher behavior, psychological theory of teaching, and Clarke's general theory of teaching under normative theories.
The document discusses various theories of teaching including formal, descriptive, normative, meutic, communication, moulding, mutual inquiry, cognitive, and general theories of teaching. It also discusses Gagne's hierarchical theory of instruction, Atkinson's decision theoretic analysis, and Bruner's cognitive developmental theory of instruction. Key variables in teaching theories are identified as the teacher, students, learning objectives, and learning theories. The purpose of teaching theories is to explain and predict teaching methods and evaluate their effectiveness.
Pragmatism is an American philosophy that emerged in the 1850s. It views ideas as tools for solving problems and believes that the meaning and truth of ideas come from their practical consequences and real-world applications. Major exponents include Charles Sanders Peirce, William James, and John Dewey. Pragmatism emphasizes experience, action, and practical results over abstract theorizing. It influenced progressive education by stressing learning by doing, integrating subjects, using projects, and making education more relevant to students' lives and society.
Bloom’s Taxonomy of Educational Objectives.pptxAtul Thakur
Bloom's Taxonomy is a framework for classifying educational goals and objectives into three domains: Cognitive, Affective, and Psychomotor. The Cognitive Domain focuses on intellectual skills and includes six levels of objectives from basic recall or recognition of facts to the more complex levels of analysis, synthesis, and evaluation. Bloom's Taxonomy provides a useful structure for teachers to design objectives, assessments, and lessons that address different levels of learning.
The document discusses the lecture method of teaching, which involves the teacher lecturing to students as the primary means of instruction. Some key points:
- The lecture method is teacher-centered, with the teacher controlling the flow of information and students playing a passive role as listeners.
- It is commonly used for large classes in colleges and schools to quickly cover curricula. However, it is not ideal for realizing the goals of teaching science.
- Effective lectures are planned considering factors like the audience, purpose, time available, and subject matter.
- Lectures can be used to introduce new topics, review material, or present history.
- Advantages include low cost and covering content quickly
This document discusses programmed instruction, a method of teaching developed by B.F. Skinner. It involves breaking content down into small sequential steps, requiring active student responses, and providing immediate feedback. There are two types: linear programming presents content in a fixed order, while branched programming allows different paths based on student responses. Programmed instruction aims to individualize learning by allowing students to self-pace and receive continuous assessment. While it ensures students learn independently, developing effective programs can be difficult and time-consuming.
The document outlines several maxims of teaching that are general rules for effective teaching derived from years of teaching experience. It discusses maxims such as teaching from the known to the unknown, from simple to complex, from concrete to abstract, from particular to general, from whole to part, from psychological to logical, from induction to deduction, from empirical to rational, and from analysis to synthesis. Examples are provided for each maxim.
This document discusses various theories of teaching. It defines theories of teaching according to different scholars and discusses the need for theories of teaching. It classifies theories of teaching into formal/philosophical theories, descriptive theories, and normative theories. Under formal theories, it describes the maieutic, communication, molding, and mutual inquiry theories. It provides details on Gagne's hierarchical theory of instruction, Atkinson's decision theory, and Bruner's cognitive development theory under descriptive theories. Finally, it outlines cognitive theory of teaching, theory of teacher behavior, psychological theory of teaching, and Clarke's general theory of teaching under normative theories.
The document discusses the key aspects of curriculum development for nursing education programs. It defines curriculum and provides principles and factors to consider in curriculum planning, development, implementation and evaluation. The summary should include the purpose of the curriculum, the main phases of development, and that it aims to equip students with the necessary knowledge, skills and attitudes for their professional roles.
The document discusses different types of evaluation in education including formative, summative, diagnostic, criterion-referenced, and norm-referenced evaluation. Formative evaluation occurs during instruction to provide feedback and improve teaching and learning. Summative evaluation happens at the end of a course to assess learning and assign grades. Diagnostic evaluation identifies specific learning difficulties. Criterion-referenced evaluation measures students' mastery of learning objectives, while norm-referenced evaluation compares students to their peers. The document provides details on the characteristics, purposes, and examples of each type of evaluation.
This document discusses three main types of education: informal, formal, and non-formal. Informal education involves lifelong learning from daily experiences and exposure to one's environment. Formal education takes place in institutions with a graded curriculum, leads to certificates or degrees, and is uniform and subject-oriented. Non-formal education is flexible, learner-centered, uses participatory teaching methods, and can occur in locations like libraries through programs like open university courses. It aims to increase knowledge and skills outside of traditional school systems.
Bloom’s taxonomy of educational objectives Ancy Shyju
Bloom's taxonomy is a classification system used to define levels of cognition. It was created in 1956 by Benjamin Bloom and categorizes learning objectives into knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation. The taxonomy has three domains: cognitive (thinking), affective (emotion), and psychomotor (physical skills). The cognitive domain involves knowledge and intellectual abilities and ranges from basic recall to evaluation. The affective domain involves attitudes, emotions, and values. The psychomotor domain includes physical skills and movement. Bloom's taxonomy provides a framework to design educational objectives and activities to promote higher forms of thinking beyond simple memorization.
This document discusses principles of curriculum construction. It begins by defining curriculum as the sum total of experiences a student receives through activities at school, including the classroom, library, laboratories, playgrounds, and interactions with teachers. It then provides definitions of curriculum from various scholars. The main body outlines 14 principles that should guide curriculum construction, such as ensuring it reflects the aims of education and the needs, interests, and abilities of students (child-centric principle), considers civic and social needs, conserves cultural heritage while allowing for creativity, prepares students for the future and living, integrates subjects logically, accommodates individual differences, and considers the time available.
Principles & philosophies of Education SMVDCoN ,J&K
Nursing education is a professional education which is consciously & systematically planned & implemented through instruction & discipline & aims the harmonious development of the physical, intellectual, social, emotional, spiritual & aesthetic powers or abilities of the students in order to tender professional nursing care to people of all ages, in all phases of health & illness, in a variety of setting, in the best or highest possible manner.
Programmed instruction is a method of self-instruction where material is broken down into small chunks or frames presented sequentially. It was popularized by B.F. Skinner in the 1950s. There are three main types: linear programming which presents one track for all learners; branching programming which provides remedial frames for incorrect answers; and computer assisted instruction which uses technology to deliver the content. The development process involves preparatory, writing, and validation phases to create and test the program. Advantages include self-paced learning and feedback, while disadvantages can be loss of motivation if too many errors occur.
This document discusses self-instructional modules as an educational tool. It defines self-instruction as self-contained instructional activities that allow learners to progress independently at their own pace. A module is a self-contained learning package focused on a specific topic. The document outlines advantages of self-instructional modules such as allowing independent study and self-pacing, as well as limitations like lack of face-to-face interaction and discipline. It concludes that self-learning modules can create an effective learning environment when they provide answers to learner questions and immediate feedback.
The document discusses the relationship between teaching and learning. It states that teaching is an intentional activity aimed at inducing learning, though teaching activities do not guarantee learning. Effective teaching involves understanding the relationship between teaching and learning in order to make the process successful. Both teaching and learning are goal-oriented and require skills, though only good learners can become good teachers. The teaching-learning process involves diagnostic, prescriptive, and evaluative functions and follows principles like encouraging student-faculty contact and active learning.
The document discusses the project method, which is a teaching method that requires students to present, in concrete form, the results of information gathered about a concept or principle. It takes students beyond the classroom into a natural setting to make learning realistic and experiential. The project method encourages investigative learning, problem-solving, and promotes better understanding of practical knowledge while enhancing students' social skills through interaction.
The document discusses three different curriculum approaches: subject-centered curriculum, activity/experience-based curriculum, and core curriculum.
Subject-centered curriculum is rigid and focuses on covering specific amounts of material in specific subjects within set time periods, regardless of student abilities or interests. Activity/experience-based curriculum is based on determining student needs and interests to form the basis of hands-on learning experiences. Core curriculum identifies common knowledge, skills, and values that all students should learn to function in society.
This document presents an overview of Benjamin Bloom's Taxonomy of Educational Objectives. It discusses the three domains of the taxonomy: cognitive, affective, and psychomotor. For each domain, it describes the classification and subdivision of educational objectives. The cognitive domain contains 6 categories related to thinking and reasoning skills. The affective domain has 5 categories associated with attitudes, values, and interests. The psychomotor domain is divided into 5 levels related to manual and physical skills. Overall, Bloom's Taxonomy provides a framework for defining different types of learning objectives and sequencing learning activities from lower to higher order thinking.
This document discusses curriculum, curriculum planning, and curriculum change. It defines curriculum as the learning experiences and outcomes formulated through systematic reconstruction of knowledge for learners. Curriculum planning is described as the process of preparing learning opportunities for students and involves activities where individuals work together to study, plan, develop and improve the curriculum. The importance of efficient and effective curriculum planning is that it ensures a shared vision, continuity of learning, and improved student outcomes. The key difference between curriculum innovation and change is that innovation refers to teaching a subject in a new way, while change affects the actual subjects being taught.
Education serves important functions towards the individual, society, and nation. For the individual, it aims to develop innate potentials, modify behavior, and promote well-rounded growth physically, mentally, socially, emotionally, and spiritually. It also prepares people for the future by imparting skills for livelihood and develops the whole personality. For society, education facilitates social change and control, allows for reconstructing experiences to better adjust, and fosters moral and social values like cooperation. It provides equal opportunities regardless of attributes. For the nation, education cultivates civic responsibility, trains future leaders, promotes national integration, and enables total development across various domains.
Teaching is an art, practised by most, but mastered by only a few. Imparting knowledge is a privilege, but also a responsibility. This slideshow aims at explaining the nature and meaning of teaching as also gives points on effective teaching.
Checklists are tools used by teachers and students to systematically collect data on student knowledge, skills, and behaviors related to learning outcomes. Checklists consist of statements that students or teachers respond to with yes/no or done/not done to provide information. Checklists can be used for self-assessment, ensuring tasks are completed consistently and completely, identifying student needs, and documenting skill development. To create an effective checklist, one should use a clear format, categorize items, avoid errors, and focus on quality over length.
Problem solving is an instructional method where teachers and students work together to find solutions to educational problems. It is a student-centered approach that requires active participation. The problem solving process involves clearly defining the problem, collecting relevant data, organizing the data, drawing conclusions, and testing the conclusions. The teacher guides students through each step to arrive at solutions. Problem solving develops critical thinking skills and helps students learn to solve problems independently.
The document discusses assessment and evaluation in education. It defines assessment as gathering information about students' responses to educational tasks, usually in measurable terms, to assist with decision making, screening, monitoring progress, and assigning grades. Evaluation is defined as making systematic judgments about the value or effectiveness of measures based on criteria. The purposes of assessment include decision making, screening, monitoring progress, and determining instructional effectiveness, while the purposes of evaluation include facilitating learning, diagnosing problems, making decisions, and improving products and judging effectiveness. The document also discusses formative versus summative assessment and evaluation, as well as different types of evaluation based on time, manner, and focus.
Health education has evolved from ancient practices of communicating health principles through face-to-face interactions integrated with culture, to a more formalized approach organized within the healthcare system today. It aims to inform, motivate, and help people adopt healthy lifestyles through various individual and group methods. These include lectures, films, demonstrations, discussions, and role-playing to educate people on preventive healthcare practices and promote community well-being.
Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the environment that cause harm. Air pollution comes from motor vehicles, factories, and indoor sources. It causes health issues. Prevention includes limiting vehicle use, recycling, and planting trees. Water pollution comes from industrial waste, sewage, and thermal pollution. It harms life and health. Prevention includes proper waste disposal and reporting water waste. Solid waste pollution includes garbage and construction debris. Prevention involves proper waste disposal.
The document discusses the key aspects of curriculum development for nursing education programs. It defines curriculum and provides principles and factors to consider in curriculum planning, development, implementation and evaluation. The summary should include the purpose of the curriculum, the main phases of development, and that it aims to equip students with the necessary knowledge, skills and attitudes for their professional roles.
The document discusses different types of evaluation in education including formative, summative, diagnostic, criterion-referenced, and norm-referenced evaluation. Formative evaluation occurs during instruction to provide feedback and improve teaching and learning. Summative evaluation happens at the end of a course to assess learning and assign grades. Diagnostic evaluation identifies specific learning difficulties. Criterion-referenced evaluation measures students' mastery of learning objectives, while norm-referenced evaluation compares students to their peers. The document provides details on the characteristics, purposes, and examples of each type of evaluation.
This document discusses three main types of education: informal, formal, and non-formal. Informal education involves lifelong learning from daily experiences and exposure to one's environment. Formal education takes place in institutions with a graded curriculum, leads to certificates or degrees, and is uniform and subject-oriented. Non-formal education is flexible, learner-centered, uses participatory teaching methods, and can occur in locations like libraries through programs like open university courses. It aims to increase knowledge and skills outside of traditional school systems.
Bloom’s taxonomy of educational objectives Ancy Shyju
Bloom's taxonomy is a classification system used to define levels of cognition. It was created in 1956 by Benjamin Bloom and categorizes learning objectives into knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation. The taxonomy has three domains: cognitive (thinking), affective (emotion), and psychomotor (physical skills). The cognitive domain involves knowledge and intellectual abilities and ranges from basic recall to evaluation. The affective domain involves attitudes, emotions, and values. The psychomotor domain includes physical skills and movement. Bloom's taxonomy provides a framework to design educational objectives and activities to promote higher forms of thinking beyond simple memorization.
This document discusses principles of curriculum construction. It begins by defining curriculum as the sum total of experiences a student receives through activities at school, including the classroom, library, laboratories, playgrounds, and interactions with teachers. It then provides definitions of curriculum from various scholars. The main body outlines 14 principles that should guide curriculum construction, such as ensuring it reflects the aims of education and the needs, interests, and abilities of students (child-centric principle), considers civic and social needs, conserves cultural heritage while allowing for creativity, prepares students for the future and living, integrates subjects logically, accommodates individual differences, and considers the time available.
Principles & philosophies of Education SMVDCoN ,J&K
Nursing education is a professional education which is consciously & systematically planned & implemented through instruction & discipline & aims the harmonious development of the physical, intellectual, social, emotional, spiritual & aesthetic powers or abilities of the students in order to tender professional nursing care to people of all ages, in all phases of health & illness, in a variety of setting, in the best or highest possible manner.
Programmed instruction is a method of self-instruction where material is broken down into small chunks or frames presented sequentially. It was popularized by B.F. Skinner in the 1950s. There are three main types: linear programming which presents one track for all learners; branching programming which provides remedial frames for incorrect answers; and computer assisted instruction which uses technology to deliver the content. The development process involves preparatory, writing, and validation phases to create and test the program. Advantages include self-paced learning and feedback, while disadvantages can be loss of motivation if too many errors occur.
This document discusses self-instructional modules as an educational tool. It defines self-instruction as self-contained instructional activities that allow learners to progress independently at their own pace. A module is a self-contained learning package focused on a specific topic. The document outlines advantages of self-instructional modules such as allowing independent study and self-pacing, as well as limitations like lack of face-to-face interaction and discipline. It concludes that self-learning modules can create an effective learning environment when they provide answers to learner questions and immediate feedback.
The document discusses the relationship between teaching and learning. It states that teaching is an intentional activity aimed at inducing learning, though teaching activities do not guarantee learning. Effective teaching involves understanding the relationship between teaching and learning in order to make the process successful. Both teaching and learning are goal-oriented and require skills, though only good learners can become good teachers. The teaching-learning process involves diagnostic, prescriptive, and evaluative functions and follows principles like encouraging student-faculty contact and active learning.
The document discusses the project method, which is a teaching method that requires students to present, in concrete form, the results of information gathered about a concept or principle. It takes students beyond the classroom into a natural setting to make learning realistic and experiential. The project method encourages investigative learning, problem-solving, and promotes better understanding of practical knowledge while enhancing students' social skills through interaction.
The document discusses three different curriculum approaches: subject-centered curriculum, activity/experience-based curriculum, and core curriculum.
Subject-centered curriculum is rigid and focuses on covering specific amounts of material in specific subjects within set time periods, regardless of student abilities or interests. Activity/experience-based curriculum is based on determining student needs and interests to form the basis of hands-on learning experiences. Core curriculum identifies common knowledge, skills, and values that all students should learn to function in society.
This document presents an overview of Benjamin Bloom's Taxonomy of Educational Objectives. It discusses the three domains of the taxonomy: cognitive, affective, and psychomotor. For each domain, it describes the classification and subdivision of educational objectives. The cognitive domain contains 6 categories related to thinking and reasoning skills. The affective domain has 5 categories associated with attitudes, values, and interests. The psychomotor domain is divided into 5 levels related to manual and physical skills. Overall, Bloom's Taxonomy provides a framework for defining different types of learning objectives and sequencing learning activities from lower to higher order thinking.
This document discusses curriculum, curriculum planning, and curriculum change. It defines curriculum as the learning experiences and outcomes formulated through systematic reconstruction of knowledge for learners. Curriculum planning is described as the process of preparing learning opportunities for students and involves activities where individuals work together to study, plan, develop and improve the curriculum. The importance of efficient and effective curriculum planning is that it ensures a shared vision, continuity of learning, and improved student outcomes. The key difference between curriculum innovation and change is that innovation refers to teaching a subject in a new way, while change affects the actual subjects being taught.
Education serves important functions towards the individual, society, and nation. For the individual, it aims to develop innate potentials, modify behavior, and promote well-rounded growth physically, mentally, socially, emotionally, and spiritually. It also prepares people for the future by imparting skills for livelihood and develops the whole personality. For society, education facilitates social change and control, allows for reconstructing experiences to better adjust, and fosters moral and social values like cooperation. It provides equal opportunities regardless of attributes. For the nation, education cultivates civic responsibility, trains future leaders, promotes national integration, and enables total development across various domains.
Teaching is an art, practised by most, but mastered by only a few. Imparting knowledge is a privilege, but also a responsibility. This slideshow aims at explaining the nature and meaning of teaching as also gives points on effective teaching.
Checklists are tools used by teachers and students to systematically collect data on student knowledge, skills, and behaviors related to learning outcomes. Checklists consist of statements that students or teachers respond to with yes/no or done/not done to provide information. Checklists can be used for self-assessment, ensuring tasks are completed consistently and completely, identifying student needs, and documenting skill development. To create an effective checklist, one should use a clear format, categorize items, avoid errors, and focus on quality over length.
Problem solving is an instructional method where teachers and students work together to find solutions to educational problems. It is a student-centered approach that requires active participation. The problem solving process involves clearly defining the problem, collecting relevant data, organizing the data, drawing conclusions, and testing the conclusions. The teacher guides students through each step to arrive at solutions. Problem solving develops critical thinking skills and helps students learn to solve problems independently.
The document discusses assessment and evaluation in education. It defines assessment as gathering information about students' responses to educational tasks, usually in measurable terms, to assist with decision making, screening, monitoring progress, and assigning grades. Evaluation is defined as making systematic judgments about the value or effectiveness of measures based on criteria. The purposes of assessment include decision making, screening, monitoring progress, and determining instructional effectiveness, while the purposes of evaluation include facilitating learning, diagnosing problems, making decisions, and improving products and judging effectiveness. The document also discusses formative versus summative assessment and evaluation, as well as different types of evaluation based on time, manner, and focus.
Health education has evolved from ancient practices of communicating health principles through face-to-face interactions integrated with culture, to a more formalized approach organized within the healthcare system today. It aims to inform, motivate, and help people adopt healthy lifestyles through various individual and group methods. These include lectures, films, demonstrations, discussions, and role-playing to educate people on preventive healthcare practices and promote community well-being.
Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the environment that cause harm. Air pollution comes from motor vehicles, factories, and indoor sources. It causes health issues. Prevention includes limiting vehicle use, recycling, and planting trees. Water pollution comes from industrial waste, sewage, and thermal pollution. It harms life and health. Prevention includes proper waste disposal and reporting water waste. Solid waste pollution includes garbage and construction debris. Prevention involves proper waste disposal.
Mebendazole is a drug used to treat infections caused by various nematodes (roundworms). It works by inhibiting the formation of microtubules in worms and depleting their glucose levels. Mebendazole is typically used as a single 100mg dose or twice daily doses for 3 days to treat infections like pinworm, roundworm, and hookworm. Common side effects are mild and include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Mebendazole is contraindicated in pregnancy and those hypersensitive to it, and safety in young children is not established.
The document discusses different philosophical perspectives on education and their implications for the teaching and learning process. It describes approaches suggested by idealism, pragmatism, realism, naturalism, materialism, and essentialism. Idealism views the classroom as a place for spiritual learning through reading, lecturing, discussion, and imitation. Pragmatism emphasizes learning by doing through methods like project-based and experimental learning. Realism and naturalism both suggest learning should go from simple to complex and concrete to abstract, incorporating hands-on methods. Materialism and essentialism involve teacher-guided methods like presentations and lectures.
Nursing education aims to prepare nurses through professional education to provide nursing care for people of all ages in health and illness across various settings. It involves the interplay between educators, students, and social forces to develop individuals who are socially responsible. The goals of nursing education include developing knowledge, professional and personality growth, leadership skills, democratic citizenship, and advancing nursing research. Nursing education adopts concepts from both Western and Indian traditions that view education as a means of self-realization, harmonious development, and contributing to national development.
Diarrhea is defined as three or more unformed stools in 24 hours and is commonly caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water. Common pathogens that cause diarrhea include E. coli, Salmonella, Campylobacter, rotaviruses, and cryptosporidium. Diarrhea occurs when the secretion of water into the intestines exceeds absorption, resulting in loose or watery stool. Proper treatment involves preventing or treating dehydration by giving clear fluids and rest.
The article discusses how an English teacher, Andie Brown, had her students make short films about satire as a final project. This sparked interest in a student who had previously put in little effort, showing how technology can engage students. The project results were overwhelmingly positive and worth the time spent.
A second article argues schools should slowly integrate technology, starting with individual classrooms, as teachers may be reluctant to change and schedules limit technology use.
The third article profiles a student with cerebral palsy who benefited from assistive technology, like switches connecting to toys, to interact with classmates and signal answers in class, allowing him greater inclusion. All show how technology can improve learning experiences.
Educational psychology is the branch of psychology that studies how people learn in educational settings, both in and out of school. It aims to apply psychological insights and principles to understand and improve educational practice. Some key areas it covers are understanding learners, selecting learning experiences, teaching techniques and strategies, creating effective learning environments, and evaluating learning outcomes. It provides a scientific basis and practical guidance to help learners acquire knowledge and skills through satisfactory educational experiences.
This document discusses continuing nursing education (CNE). It defines CNE as planned educational activities for nurses to meet learning needs after basic nursing education. The goal of CNE is to help nurses improve performance and develop skills for career advancement. Key principles of effective CNE include identifying learning needs, setting objectives, using appropriate teaching methods, and verifying participation. The document also outlines the planning process for CNE, including establishing goals and objectives, determining actions, assessing resources, and evaluating results.
This document discusses definitions and perspectives on education. It provides two definitions of education as the process of learning and acquiring information through both formal schooling and informal life experiences. The document also shares two quotes from Martin Luther King Jr. that characterize education as enabling one to think critically and discern truth, and that true education develops both intelligence and strong moral character.
Diarrhea is characterized by loose or watery stool more than 3 times per day. It is a major cause of death in developing countries and infants worldwide. Diarrhea can be acute lasting 1-2 weeks, chronic lasting more than 3 weeks, or persistent lasting 2 weeks or more. Causes include viruses, bacteria, parasites, and fungi transmitted through the fecal-oral route. Management involves oral rehydration therapy with continued feeding. For severe dehydration intravenous fluids are given along with monitoring until rehydration is complete. Diet emphasizes continued breastfeeding and eating small, frequent meals high in nutrients.
This document outlines key concepts in health education, including definitions, aims, principles, types, approaches, and stages. Health education is defined as using learning experiences to help communities and individuals improve health by increasing knowledge or influencing attitudes. The aims are health promotion, disease prevention, utilizing health services, and early diagnosis/management. Principles include being evidence-based, systematic, adapted to the individual/community, encouraging personal investment, and respecting culture. Types are primary, secondary, and tertiary education. Approaches include individual counseling, group discussions, and mass media like newspapers, radio, TV, and internet. The appropriate approach depends on goals, costs, the target group, interests, and health needs. Stages of health
Educational psychology describes and explains the learning experience of an individual from birth through old age. It is the science of education that applies principles of psychology to understand how people learn. Educational psychology helps teachers understand student development, abilities and limitations, as well as the learning process. It provides knowledge and skills for teachers to effectively educate students and produce desirable changes for their overall development. The subject matter of educational psychology revolves around the learner, their learning experiences, processes and environment, as well as the teacher. It employs scientific methods to study behavior in educational settings.
The document discusses different definitions and concepts of education from various perspectives. It explores the etymological meaning of education, words used in other languages, synonyms, visual images, Indian concepts from ancient texts and thinkers, western concepts from philosophers like Plato and Aristotle, thinkers like Dewey, definitions from commissions and theorists, and the narrow vs broad meaning of education over time. It also examines the modern concept and process of education.
Educational aims refer to the internal development and growth of the individual through the educational process itself. Aims provide direction, motivation and criteria for evaluation. Educational purposes refer to external goals and outcomes of education such as developing skilled workers or professionals. While the aim of education is to cultivate an educated person, it also serves worthwhile societal purposes by producing citizens who can contribute as workers and colleagues. Both aims and purposes are important for education.
This document discusses challenges in India's present education system and ways to improve it. It notes that the current system emphasizes theoretical knowledge over practical skills. It also identifies issues like a lack of motivation to learn among youth, low teaching quality due to inexperienced teachers, problems with the reservation system, and insufficient infrastructure in schools. The document argues that addressing these challenges, such as improving teaching standards and infrastructure, could help students become more successful and help India continue developing as a country.
The document discusses the relationship between philosophy and education. It states that philosophy provides the foundation and guiding principles for education, and that education is the application of philosophical beliefs. The document outlines several philosophies of education such as idealism and naturalism, and how they influence aspects of the education system like curriculum, teaching methods, and the role of the teacher. Overall, the document emphasizes that philosophy and education are interdependent, with philosophy answering fundamental questions about the purpose and goals of education.
The document discusses the meaning and philosophy of education. It defines education as deriving from the Latin words "educere", "educare", and "educatum", meaning "to learn", "to know", and "to lead out" the internal talents of a child. Education has both a narrow meaning as formal schooling but a broader meaning as a lifelong process that begins at birth and continues throughout life. True education aims to develop a love of learning and inspire students, not just teach to tests. An educated person can think critically, act effectively to achieve goals, and help others develop positive mindsets.
Introduction to teaching and learning strategies lecture 1Abeereldeeb2
The document provides an outline for a lecture on strategy of nursing education and health education. It discusses key terminology, the elements of the educational process including the main categories of human behavior, the educational cycle as a spiral process, and types of objectives. It also discusses health education, the definition of education, teaching strategies, factors that affect learning, learning conditions, and compares the education process to the nursing process.
This document discusses strategies to promote physical activity through settings-based approaches. It outlines three key settings - schools, workplaces, and community - and describes factors that influence physical activity behaviors within each setting. Examples of programs and interventions are provided for each setting, including walking school buses, stair use promotion in workplaces, and community walking groups. Federal and state-level organizations that support physical activity initiatives are also mentioned.
This document discusses curriculum development in nursing education. It defines curriculum and presents various views on curriculum from the perspectives of students, teachers, administrators, and philosophers. It then outlines the typical process of curriculum development, including formulating objectives, selecting learning experiences, organizing experiences, and evaluating the curriculum. This process aims to establish a philosophy, framework, and means of ongoing revision to meet the needs of learners and society.
Relatório do Instituto de Medicina - recomendação de mais educação física nas...Lúcio Aguiar
This document recommends taking a whole-school approach to physical activity that provides at least 60 minutes per day of moderate or vigorous physical activity for students, more than half of which should occur during school hours. It recommends physical education classes of at least 150 minutes per week for elementary students and 225 minutes per week for middle and high school students, in which students spend over 50% of class time being physically active. Additional physical activity throughout the school day is recommended through recess, classroom activity breaks, and before/after school programs. The document provides potential actions that schools, districts, and other groups can take to implement these recommendations.
Republic of the Philippines
Abra State Institute of Science and Technology
GRADUATE SCHOOL
Bangued Campus, Bangued Abra
CURRICULUM IMPROVEMENT
2nd semester SY; 2021-2022
Submitted by: Lolain B. Balao-as
Richard Bartolo
Submitted to: Ma. Rita Valera Flores
Professor
What is Curriculum Improvement?
It is the process of constantly improving instruction based on the need of students. It enhances teaching and learning.
LEVELS OF CURRICULUM IMPROVEMENT
1. Departmentalized
- This approach is the traditional model of separate and district disciplines taught in isolation from each other. Students travel to six or seven subjects a day, each not conceptually connected to others.
2. Reinforcement
- Skill instruction, concept or activities are rearranged and resequenced to reinforce a similar skill or concept across two or more disciplines
3. Complementary
- The level of curriculum integration on the original synthesized continuum was referred to as “complementary or shared units of the study”.
4. Webbed
- Connections and webs are made between curriculum contents and disciplines relative to a productive team, subject use them to sift out appropriate concept, topics and ideas
- Sometime called interdisciplinary units.
5. Integrated learning
- This level of curriculum integration on the original synthesized continuum was referred to as “integrated themes”
LEVEL DESCRIPTION EXAMPLE
Supra International -Common European Framework of Reference for Language usually “generic” in nature
- examination program; e.g. Third International Mathematics and science study of Programme for International student Assessment or Progress in International Reading Literacy study
Macro Provincial, national, regional -Intended core objective( specified in a curriculum framework and/or program of studies
- authorized learning and teaching resources
-attainment levels
-examination programs
Meso School jurisdiction, school -School program (locally developed courses)
-educational program with an emphasis on specialized school based activities( e.g, specific focus on arts, sports or academics)
- site specific learning and teaching materials developed and accessed.
Micro Classroom, teacher -instruction plan for module or course
-learning and teaching materials
Nano Student, individual -individualized learning plan
-individualized course of learning or learner pathways
APPROACHES TO CURRICULUM IMPROVEMENT
1. Behavioral Approach
- This is based on the blueprint where goals and objective are specified contents and activities are also rearranged to match with the learning objectives. The learning outcome are evaluated in terms of goals and objectives set at the beginning. This approach started with the idea of Frederick Taylor which aimed to achieve efficiency
2. Managerial Approach
- In this approach, the principal is the curriculum leader who is supposed to be the general manager. The general manager sets the policies and priorities established th
Strategies for Teachers in Motivating the UnderachieversMarlyn Allanigue
The document discusses approaches to teaching and learning, including behavioral, cognitive, and humanistic approaches. It also discusses strategies for motivating underachieving students, such as maintaining contact between home and school, emphasizing goal setting, and using students' strengths. Principles of learning assessment are presented, including the idea that assessment should be an integral part of the teaching-learning process and should provide feedback to improve learning.
This document discusses the scope and coverage of administration and supervision in education. Administration is defined as organizing human and material resources to achieve goals, while supervision refers to leadership efforts to improve instruction.
The scope of administration includes managing school personnel, finances, facilities, curriculum, guidance/discipline, and community relations. Supervision involves inspection to identify problems, research to find solutions, training teachers in new methods, guidance to help teachers improve, and evaluation to assess instructional outcomes and improve the educational process. Both administration and supervision aim to effectively organize resources and provide leadership to improve instruction.
This document discusses the historical foundations of nurses' role as educators. It notes that Florence Nightingale emphasized the importance of teaching patients about health. By the early 1900s, public health nurses understood the significance of nurses educating to prevent disease. Several organizations, including the NLN and ICN, have recognized health teaching as within the scope of nursing practice. Theories of learning, including behaviorism and cognitivism, are also reviewed in the context of how they relate to the nursing education process.
This document discusses several key aspects of effective teaching in nursing. It covers professional competence, interpersonal relationships, personal characteristics, teaching practices, and evaluation practices. Some of the main points include the importance of having expertise in nursing, building rapport with students, demonstrating enthusiasm, organizing material clearly for students, providing timely feedback, and being available to assist students. Overall, the document emphasizes that effective nursing teachers require strong clinical knowledge combined with solid interpersonal skills to promote learning.
This document discusses key principles of effective school administration and supervision. It states that administration must be scientific, based on facts and discovery rather than assumptions. It also must be grounded in educational philosophy, with examples given like Dewey's view of education as a life process. Administration should also be creative, encouraging growth. And it must be continually evaluated based on its results and impact on student growth and improvement of society. Clear definition of roles and responsibilities between different levels of administration is also important to avoid conflicts.
The document provides details about a capstone project for a course on practical application of instructional design. The project involves designing a holistic health and nutrition training for members of St. James Presbyterian Church. The training aims to educate learners on how changing their diet and lifestyle can improve health and quality of life. A needs analysis found interest among members of various ages and abilities. The training will use the ADDIE model and cover topics like food consciousness, water consciousness, and smart consumerism. Objectives are written in the affective domain to encourage positive attitudes. The training will be sequenced by concept and use instructional strategies like activities, demonstrations, and procedures to achieve the objectives.
This is an example of a wellness plan to benefit the school and it's community. The goal is to improve education through improving the health of the students, employees, and members of the community.
This document summarizes theories of learning and the learning process. It discusses key stages of learning including concrete experience, reflective observation, abstract conceptualization, and active experimentation. Major theories of learning covered include the mind theory, connectionist/stimulus-response theory, behaviorism, gestalt/integration theory, and progressivism. Three basic types of learning theories are identified as behaviorism, cognitive theory, and social constructivism which differ in their views of knowledge, learning, and motivation. The document concludes that applying different teaching strategies anchored to various learning theories can enhance student skills and development.
*Introduction
Curriculum it is the blue print of an any educational programme.
*Definition
Curriculum development is the multi-step process of creating and improving a course taught at a school or university. While the exact process will vary from institution to institution, the broad framework includes stages of analysis, building, implementation, and evaluation.
*uses
1.Curriculum development allows teachers to take a thoughtful and methodical approach to determine what students will be required to learn.
2.Curriculum development takes care of the big-picture strategy required to successfully teach a course.
*Different Curriculum Process
Are there different curriculum development processes or models?
First, there are generally two types of curriculum models: the product model and the process model. The model you choose to follow will influence the steps you'll take to develop the course.
Entire textbooks have been written on these long-standing models, but here's a brief explanation of each to make sure everyone is on the same page:
Product model:
Also known as the objectives model, this model focuses on evaluations, outcomes, and results. It determines what learning has occurred. If you need to develop a curriculum that prioritizes standardized test scores, you'll need to adhere to the product model. Generally, this model is thought to be more rigid and more difficult to adapt to your students' unique needs, but it does provide quantitative learning assessments.
Process model:
This model focuses on how learning develops over time. There's an emphasis on how the students are learning, and what thoughts they have throughout the process. This approach is more open-ended and considers the overall growth and development of a student rather than their performance on an exam.
Consider the characteristics of each model as well as any institutional requirements you need to adhere to. You may already have a strong preference for one of the two! It is also possible to develop a curriculum that values both product and process.
Once you've determined what type of curriculum you want to create, it's time to choose an approach. There are three widely accepted methodologies for curriculum design:
1.Subject-Centered
This model emphasizes the specific skills and knowledge associated with a subject area. Most kinds of widely standardized curriculum fall under the subject-centered approach.
2.Problem-Centered
This approach aims to provide students with relevant real-world skills. Learners are taught how to look at a problem and come to a solution.Students still learn key skills and knowledge.
3.Learner-Centered
Learner-centered design emphasizes the needs and goals of each learner as an individual.
*Steps of Curriculum Developement
Generally, the steps to curriculum development will fall into a framework that mirrors many instructional design approaches. Each process looks something like this:
Analysis
Design
Selecting
Formation
Review
This study was carried out to examine the effects of nutrition on pupils’ performance in selected primary schools in
Muhororo Sub County, Kagadi District. The study objectives were; to establish the effects of nutrition on the
academic performance of pupils in selected primary schools in Muhororo Sub County, Kagadi district, to find out
the relationships between nutrition and brain function of pupils in selected primary schools in Muhororo Sub
County, Kagadi district and to suggest measures that can be taken to solve the problem of poor nutrition in primary
schools. A cross sectional survey design using both quantitative and qualitative methods were used to collect data.
The qualitative study design investigated the effects of nutrition on pupils’ performance between the independent
and the dependent variables.
Short introduction to three different pedagogial theories.pptxLauraKinnunen5
The document introduces three pedagogical theories: cognitive-behaviorist, social-constructivist, and connectivist. The cognitive-behaviorist theory views the learner as passive and focuses on memorization, while social-constructivism sees learning as an active social process of constructing knowledge. The connectivist model assumes learners have access to infinite information through networks and focuses on their ability to find and apply knowledge as needed.
School administration and supervision must be scientific, based on accepted educational philosophy, and creative. It must also be evaluated based on its results. To be effective, administration and supervision must emphasize using facts and scientific principles to discover solutions. It should also be guided by and integrate educational philosophies, like Dewey's view that education is life and growth. Administration encourages growth by providing opportunities for teachers and pupils to develop their talents. The effectiveness of administration can be determined by evaluating the outcomes and whether it promotes pupil and societal growth. Clear definition of duties is also important to avoid conflicts between administrators at different levels.
Basic concept in assessing student learningrouche mijares
1. Measurement in education involves identifying attributes to measure in students, determining how to measure those attributes, and establishing procedures to quantify observations.
2. There are various methods to collect assessment data, including paper/pencil tests, systematic observation, participant observation, and clinical methods.
3. Assessment data is used for many purposes like direct instructional decisions, program evaluation, and expanding the knowledge base. Assessment involves setting learning goals, evaluating student progress towards those goals, and using the results to improve programs.
Outcome-based education (OBE) is a student-centered philosophy that focuses on empirically measuring student performance and outcomes. It is a method that focuses on what students can do after being taught. OBE matches curriculum and teaching methods to desired outcomes, focusing on learner competencies and assessing learning related to all domains. Both teachers and students have defined roles in OBE, with students expected to take on more challenging tasks like analysis, synthesis and teamwork. While OBE aims to ensure quality education, some critics argue it does not allow for flexibility for students from underserved backgrounds or increased teacher workload.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
Physiology and chemistry of skin and pigmentation, hairs, scalp, lips and nail, Cleansing cream, Lotions, Face powders, Face packs, Lipsticks, Bath products, soaps and baby product,
Preparation and standardization of the following : Tonic, Bleaches, Dentifrices and Mouth washes & Tooth Pastes, Cosmetics for Nails.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
2. EDUCATION PROCESS
Systematic,
sequential, logical,
scientifically based,
planned course of
action
Framework for
participatory shared
approach to teaching
and learning
3. Consisting of two major
independent operations:
-Teaching
-Learning
Forms a continuous
cycle that involves two
interdependent players:
-Teacher
-Learner
4. COMPONENTS OF EDUCATION
PROCESS
TEACHING or INSTRUCTION
-Deliberate interventions that
involve sharing information
and experiences
LEARNING
-Change in behavior that can
be observed or measured as a
result of a environmental
stimuli
5. BASIC ELEMENTS OF
EDUCATION PROCESS
ASSESSMENT
PLANNING*
IMPLEMENTATION*
EVALUATION
7. PATIENT EDUCATION
A PROCESS OF
ASSISTING PEOPLE TO
LEARN HEALTH-RELATED
BEHAVIORS
THAT CAN BE
INCORPORATED INTO
EVERYDAY LIFE WITH
THE GOAL OF OPTIMAL
HEALTH AND
INDEPENDENCE IN
SELF-CARE
8. STAFF EDUCATION
IS THE PROCESS OF
INFLUENCING THE
BEHAVIOR OF HEALTH
PROFESSIONALS BY
PRODUCING CHANGES IN
THEIR KNOWLEDGE,
ATTITUDES, AND SKILLS TO
HELP MAINTAIN AND
IMPROVE THEIR
COMPETENCIES FOR THE
DELIVERY OF QUALITY CARE
TO THE CONSUMER.
9. ASSURE model
- A useful paradigm to assist nurses to organize
and carry out the education process
Analyze the learner
State the objectives
Select the instructional methods and materials
Use the instructional methods and materials
Require learner performance
Evaluate the teaching plan and revise as
necessary