Recent Developments and Future Challenges of Integrated Care in Europe and Northern America
The International Network of Integrated Care, The Julius Center of the University Medical Center Utrecht and the University of Southern Denmark - 11th International Network of Integrated Care
Evaluation of Integrated Care: From methods to governance and applications
To understand the real impact of ICT within health care adopting a single analytical approach is inadvisable and that insight into the overall effects of ICT is best gained from consideration of a mix of study types
A Mobile Health Application for Healthy Living: HWOW (Healthier Work for Offi...Dr. Mustafa Değerli
Değerli, M. (2020). A Mobile Health Application for Healthy Living: HWOW (Healthier Work for Office Workers). 14th Turkish National Software Engineering Symposium. (UYMS 2020). 10.1109/UYMS50627.2020.9247024 - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/conhome/9247008/proceeding
This article introduces health care managers to the theories and philosophies of John Kotter and William Bridges, 2 leaders in the evolving field of change management. For Kotter, change has both an emotional and situational component, and methods for managing each are expressed in his 8-step model (developing urgency, building a guiding team, creating a vision, communicating for buy-in, enabling action, creating short-term wins, don't let up, and making it stick). Bridges deals with change at a more granular, individual level, suggesting that change within a health care organization means that individuals must transition from one identity to a new identity when they are involved in a process of change. According to Bridges, transitions occur in 3 steps: endings, the neutral zone, and beginnings. The major steps and important concepts within the models of each are addressed, and examples are provided to demonstrate how health care managers can actualize the models within their health care organizations.
Information+Integration ? Innovation an HL7/EFMI/HIMSS @eHealthweek2015 in Rigachronaki
Join us to explore “Interoperability in action: information + integration = innovation?” and engage in lively debate on how rethinking interoperability standards and continuing education can bridge divides, change cultures, and open markets!
Perspectives from health management, industry, government, health education, and standardization exemplify challenges and opportunities for liberation of data that can drive desired social and technological innovation.
This is a call for action to explore how the partnership of HL7, EFMI and HIMSS can catalyze the equation “information + integration = innovation” to bridge divides, change culture and open markets.
AI and VR in Health: What's Now, What's NextEnspektos, LLC
Data Source: www.digihealthinformer.com
Fard Johnmar's presentation from the future::present digital health breakfast. Research focuses on the evolution of the health artificial intelligence and virtual reality markets. Key areas of focus include what diseases these technologies are being used to manage, which organizations are driving their uptake, key investment activity and more.
A Mobile Health Application for Healthy Living: HWOW (Healthier Work for Offi...Dr. Mustafa Değerli
Değerli, M. (2020). A Mobile Health Application for Healthy Living: HWOW (Healthier Work for Office Workers). 14th Turkish National Software Engineering Symposium. (UYMS 2020). 10.1109/UYMS50627.2020.9247024 - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/conhome/9247008/proceeding
This article introduces health care managers to the theories and philosophies of John Kotter and William Bridges, 2 leaders in the evolving field of change management. For Kotter, change has both an emotional and situational component, and methods for managing each are expressed in his 8-step model (developing urgency, building a guiding team, creating a vision, communicating for buy-in, enabling action, creating short-term wins, don't let up, and making it stick). Bridges deals with change at a more granular, individual level, suggesting that change within a health care organization means that individuals must transition from one identity to a new identity when they are involved in a process of change. According to Bridges, transitions occur in 3 steps: endings, the neutral zone, and beginnings. The major steps and important concepts within the models of each are addressed, and examples are provided to demonstrate how health care managers can actualize the models within their health care organizations.
Information+Integration ? Innovation an HL7/EFMI/HIMSS @eHealthweek2015 in Rigachronaki
Join us to explore “Interoperability in action: information + integration = innovation?” and engage in lively debate on how rethinking interoperability standards and continuing education can bridge divides, change cultures, and open markets!
Perspectives from health management, industry, government, health education, and standardization exemplify challenges and opportunities for liberation of data that can drive desired social and technological innovation.
This is a call for action to explore how the partnership of HL7, EFMI and HIMSS can catalyze the equation “information + integration = innovation” to bridge divides, change culture and open markets.
AI and VR in Health: What's Now, What's NextEnspektos, LLC
Data Source: www.digihealthinformer.com
Fard Johnmar's presentation from the future::present digital health breakfast. Research focuses on the evolution of the health artificial intelligence and virtual reality markets. Key areas of focus include what diseases these technologies are being used to manage, which organizations are driving their uptake, key investment activity and more.
This whitepaper discusses the future path of pharmacovigilance from a safety, regulatory and technological perspective. It argues the need to rethink traditional Pharmacovigilance (PV) strategies and discusses the influential role technology including cloud-based solutions, mobile applications, robotic automation, artificial intelligence (AI) and big data analytics will play in transforming the safety continuum.
Only few organizations wise up to new digital competitors, as they usually come from outside their own sector and are not taken seriously at first. Their allegedly inferior propositions confuse prominent players, who should in fact be the very first to be fully aware of potentially disruptive innovation.
To swing into action rapidly, existing organizations would be well advised to properly analyze anything resembling digital competition. Evidently, there are clear patterns behind the startup success marking a new techno-economic reality. Ecosystems, APIs, and platforms characterize this New Normal where customers have more freedom of choice and better service at lower costs.
These successful disruptors are called two-sided market players, also known as multi-sided platform players. Companies like Uber and Airbnb are getting all the media attention, however there are over 9000 players (and counting) active in almost every industry.
The new VINT report explores the new digital competition and presents:
A analysis of the success factors of disruption
10 design principles of the new digital competition like Unbundle your organization processes, APIs first. Access over ownership and Building trust with social systems
The need for every business to develop a API-strategy
An appeal to the CIO and the IT department to use a leading digital approach and map out an offensive technological route.
Machine learning is the field that focuses on how computers learn from data. Today, machine learning is playing an integral role in the medical industry. This is due to its ability to process huge datasets beyond the scope of human capability, and then convert the data analyzed into clinical insights that aid physicians in providing care. Machine learning is a powerful, relatively easy to implement tool with numerous possibilities to enhance medical practice. The applications of machine learning in medicine are advancing medicine into a new realm. Therefore, educating the next generation of medical professionals with machine learning is essential. This paper provides a brief introduction to applying machine learning in medicine. Matthew N. O Sadiku | Sarhan M. Musa | Adedamola Omotoso "Machine Learning in Medicine: A Primer" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-2 , February 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd20255.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/other/20255/machine-learning-in-medicine-a-primer/matthew-n-o-sadiku
In this study, responses were sought from public sector IT Executives in
The People’s Republic of China, Hong Kong, Malaysia, The Philippines,
Singapore, Thailand, South Korea and Taiwan. Respondents were initially
contacted by FutureGov Research via email and telephone in September.
They were invited to complete an online questionnaire that was hosted
on the FutureGov web site between September and October 2009.
In all, 172 responses were received before the study was closed in
early October 2009. However, not all questions were answered by all
respondents and some were not included. A total of 169 respondents
were included in this study. In addition, five hospital executives in the
region were contacted after the initial analysis had been completed and
asked for their anecdotal comments on some of the survey questions.
What is the importance given to ERM?
How advanced are public sector health organisations in the region in scanning and imaging for converting paper forms into digital formats?
What role does outsourcing play in Asia Pacific’s healthcare sector?
What have healthcare organisations adopted within their strategic plans as offices move toward greater automation?
In order to improve patient care and workflow, who are the decision makers and which departments are involved in IT initiatives?
What are the priorities for deciding how to implement major projects?
The Effect of Information Technology on Labour Productivity Growth in New Zea...Productivity Commission
This presentation to the Productivity Hub looks at recent work on the effect of information technology (IT) on labour productivity growth in New Zealand, which found no significant effect of IT on labour productivity growth in New Zealand over the period 1980-2010. Existing productivity studies often fail to take into account the effect of shocks and shared characteristics in some industries in a country on other industries in the same country. Using data for 26 industries over the period 1980-2010, the study employs a relatively novel quantitative approach. This presentation examines this parametric study and linkages with work by Statistics New Zealand.
This presentation was published with the kind permission of Nathan Spence.
For more information see www.productivity.govt.nz/event/ict-and-productivity-in-new-zealand
A Case Analysis on Involvement of Big Data during Natural Disaster and Pandem...YogeshIJTSRD
Big data is an upcoming technology and requires utmost care for an efficient and smooth implementation of the technology. In case of healthcare the most challenging part of big data is the privacy, data security, handling large volume of medical imaging data and data leakage. It can be useful to this sector when big data is made structured, relevant, smart and accessible and the managers should give importance to the strategic and business value of big data technology rather than only concentrating at the technological aspect of the implementation. The use of big data in natural disasters and pandemics helps to understand and make better decision with fast processing of the data that are collected through various sources such as social media, sensors and other internet activities. This paper tries to focus on effective involvement of Big Data in natural disaster and pandemic and also identify the current and future use of Big Data in health care sector. The paper identifies the critical aspects which are used for Big data implementation and describe ways to handle the challenges related to it. Mr. Bibin Mathew | Dr. Swati John "A Case Analysis on Involvement of Big Data during Natural Disaster and Pandemics and its Uses in the Health Care Sector" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45049.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/other/45049/a-case-analysis-on-involvement-of-big-data-during-natural-disaster-and-pandemics-and-its-uses-in-the-health-care-sector/mr-bibin-mathew
Lecture on the role of IS/IT in the healthcare domain. Various types of IS/IT are introduced. Also, the benefits of IS/IT in healthcare are outlined. Various developments in healthcare from a hospital CXO perspective are specified. Finally, I will also presentbenefits and costs associated with the implementation of health information technology.
Supply Chain and Production Cost of Brewing Plants in South East, NigeriaYogeshIJTSRD
The study focused on Supply Chain and Production Cost of Brewing plants in South East, Nigeria. The study sought to ascertain the nature of relationship between Supply Chain and Production Cost of the Brewing plants in the South East, Nigeria. The study had a population size of 1528, out of which a sample size of 431 was obtained using Cochran’s formula at 5 error tolerance and 95 level of confidence. Primary data were collected through structured questionnaire and observation and secondary data were obtained through textbooks, and journal materials. Out of 431 copies of the questionnaire that were distributed, 401 copies were returned while 30 copies were not returned. The hypothesis was tested using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient. Finding revealed that there was a significant positive relationship between supply chain and production cost of Brewing plants in South East, Nigeria. r = 0.866 . The study concluded that supply chain practices is a set of activities carried out in any organization to promote effective management of its supply chains in order to improve production cost. The study recommended that brewing plants in South East Nigeria need to ensure that their supply chain concentrates on the most important member, the customer who should be kept satisfied at all costs, thus helping to boost customer services and also put in place a well managed supply chain that removes disruptions and obstacles in their business activities. Nwatu Chukwuemeka "Supply Chain and Production Cost of Brewing Plants in South-East, Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd44965.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/strategic-management/44965/supply-chain-and-production-cost-of-brewing-plants-in-southeast-nigeria/nwatu-chukwuemeka
A Review Article Branding Dental Clinic through Corporate Social Responsibili...YogeshIJTSRD
This article reviews the link between corporate social responsibility CSR , brand awareness, brand image, brand satisfaction, and brand loyalty. It would help provide evidence for CSR management and determine CSRs importance for the performance of dental clinics. In their efforts to increase CSR practices and communication to respond to patients demands and needs, which influence dental clinics branding, they would also reassure managers. The literature review indicates that previous studies in the healthcare sector supported a framework, but few were found in the dental care services sector. The article will show the links between CSR practices and communication on dental clinic branding from a review. It may help the decision manager develop a marketing plan and strategies in the private dental healthcare sector. Supaprawat Siripipatthanakul | Dr. Karin Sixl-Daniell "A Review Article Branding Dental Clinic through Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd44946.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/marketing/44946/a-review-article-branding-dental-clinic-through-corporate-social-responsibility-csr/supaprawat-siripipatthanakul
This presentation looks at ways in which governments can set prices, including “cost plus”, value, and the external referencing of prices elsewhere. It looks at the role that competition can play in keeping down prices. In that context it briefly discusses pricing proposals being considered in Malaysia. It makes the case for using HTA to inform pricing decisions.
Adrian Towse
Presentation on Data4Impact methodology & results in the workshop on the use ...Data4Impact
The workshop on the use of big data technologies for advanced research assessment was part of a two day event, co-organised by OpenAIRE and Data4Impact, with support of Science Europe, explored mechanisms for research policy monitoring and indicators, and how to link these to infrastructure and services. The first day was focused on open science indicators as these emerge from national and EU initiatives, while the second day explored more advanced aspects of indicators for innovation and societal impact.
The presentation of the second workshop day includes the introduction to Data4Impact, presents our conceptual framework, and discusses the development of a series of indicators on the performance and societal impact of 40+ research programmes in the health domain.
A rapid overview of a methodology to measure the qualitative and financial value of ICT projects in hospitals.
This methodology was designed in a collaborative way by PMO of 4 swiss french speaking hospitals by adaptation of existing methods
Improving sustainability of primary e-healthcare projects in rural areas of d...inesbba
This a brief presentation about the starting proposal for my PhD thesis. The presentation was given at IPID Conference 2011 in Lugano and discussed with the audience.
This whitepaper discusses the future path of pharmacovigilance from a safety, regulatory and technological perspective. It argues the need to rethink traditional Pharmacovigilance (PV) strategies and discusses the influential role technology including cloud-based solutions, mobile applications, robotic automation, artificial intelligence (AI) and big data analytics will play in transforming the safety continuum.
Only few organizations wise up to new digital competitors, as they usually come from outside their own sector and are not taken seriously at first. Their allegedly inferior propositions confuse prominent players, who should in fact be the very first to be fully aware of potentially disruptive innovation.
To swing into action rapidly, existing organizations would be well advised to properly analyze anything resembling digital competition. Evidently, there are clear patterns behind the startup success marking a new techno-economic reality. Ecosystems, APIs, and platforms characterize this New Normal where customers have more freedom of choice and better service at lower costs.
These successful disruptors are called two-sided market players, also known as multi-sided platform players. Companies like Uber and Airbnb are getting all the media attention, however there are over 9000 players (and counting) active in almost every industry.
The new VINT report explores the new digital competition and presents:
A analysis of the success factors of disruption
10 design principles of the new digital competition like Unbundle your organization processes, APIs first. Access over ownership and Building trust with social systems
The need for every business to develop a API-strategy
An appeal to the CIO and the IT department to use a leading digital approach and map out an offensive technological route.
Machine learning is the field that focuses on how computers learn from data. Today, machine learning is playing an integral role in the medical industry. This is due to its ability to process huge datasets beyond the scope of human capability, and then convert the data analyzed into clinical insights that aid physicians in providing care. Machine learning is a powerful, relatively easy to implement tool with numerous possibilities to enhance medical practice. The applications of machine learning in medicine are advancing medicine into a new realm. Therefore, educating the next generation of medical professionals with machine learning is essential. This paper provides a brief introduction to applying machine learning in medicine. Matthew N. O Sadiku | Sarhan M. Musa | Adedamola Omotoso "Machine Learning in Medicine: A Primer" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-2 , February 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd20255.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/other/20255/machine-learning-in-medicine-a-primer/matthew-n-o-sadiku
In this study, responses were sought from public sector IT Executives in
The People’s Republic of China, Hong Kong, Malaysia, The Philippines,
Singapore, Thailand, South Korea and Taiwan. Respondents were initially
contacted by FutureGov Research via email and telephone in September.
They were invited to complete an online questionnaire that was hosted
on the FutureGov web site between September and October 2009.
In all, 172 responses were received before the study was closed in
early October 2009. However, not all questions were answered by all
respondents and some were not included. A total of 169 respondents
were included in this study. In addition, five hospital executives in the
region were contacted after the initial analysis had been completed and
asked for their anecdotal comments on some of the survey questions.
What is the importance given to ERM?
How advanced are public sector health organisations in the region in scanning and imaging for converting paper forms into digital formats?
What role does outsourcing play in Asia Pacific’s healthcare sector?
What have healthcare organisations adopted within their strategic plans as offices move toward greater automation?
In order to improve patient care and workflow, who are the decision makers and which departments are involved in IT initiatives?
What are the priorities for deciding how to implement major projects?
The Effect of Information Technology on Labour Productivity Growth in New Zea...Productivity Commission
This presentation to the Productivity Hub looks at recent work on the effect of information technology (IT) on labour productivity growth in New Zealand, which found no significant effect of IT on labour productivity growth in New Zealand over the period 1980-2010. Existing productivity studies often fail to take into account the effect of shocks and shared characteristics in some industries in a country on other industries in the same country. Using data for 26 industries over the period 1980-2010, the study employs a relatively novel quantitative approach. This presentation examines this parametric study and linkages with work by Statistics New Zealand.
This presentation was published with the kind permission of Nathan Spence.
For more information see www.productivity.govt.nz/event/ict-and-productivity-in-new-zealand
A Case Analysis on Involvement of Big Data during Natural Disaster and Pandem...YogeshIJTSRD
Big data is an upcoming technology and requires utmost care for an efficient and smooth implementation of the technology. In case of healthcare the most challenging part of big data is the privacy, data security, handling large volume of medical imaging data and data leakage. It can be useful to this sector when big data is made structured, relevant, smart and accessible and the managers should give importance to the strategic and business value of big data technology rather than only concentrating at the technological aspect of the implementation. The use of big data in natural disasters and pandemics helps to understand and make better decision with fast processing of the data that are collected through various sources such as social media, sensors and other internet activities. This paper tries to focus on effective involvement of Big Data in natural disaster and pandemic and also identify the current and future use of Big Data in health care sector. The paper identifies the critical aspects which are used for Big data implementation and describe ways to handle the challenges related to it. Mr. Bibin Mathew | Dr. Swati John "A Case Analysis on Involvement of Big Data during Natural Disaster and Pandemics and its Uses in the Health Care Sector" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45049.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/other/45049/a-case-analysis-on-involvement-of-big-data-during-natural-disaster-and-pandemics-and-its-uses-in-the-health-care-sector/mr-bibin-mathew
Lecture on the role of IS/IT in the healthcare domain. Various types of IS/IT are introduced. Also, the benefits of IS/IT in healthcare are outlined. Various developments in healthcare from a hospital CXO perspective are specified. Finally, I will also presentbenefits and costs associated with the implementation of health information technology.
Supply Chain and Production Cost of Brewing Plants in South East, NigeriaYogeshIJTSRD
The study focused on Supply Chain and Production Cost of Brewing plants in South East, Nigeria. The study sought to ascertain the nature of relationship between Supply Chain and Production Cost of the Brewing plants in the South East, Nigeria. The study had a population size of 1528, out of which a sample size of 431 was obtained using Cochran’s formula at 5 error tolerance and 95 level of confidence. Primary data were collected through structured questionnaire and observation and secondary data were obtained through textbooks, and journal materials. Out of 431 copies of the questionnaire that were distributed, 401 copies were returned while 30 copies were not returned. The hypothesis was tested using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient. Finding revealed that there was a significant positive relationship between supply chain and production cost of Brewing plants in South East, Nigeria. r = 0.866 . The study concluded that supply chain practices is a set of activities carried out in any organization to promote effective management of its supply chains in order to improve production cost. The study recommended that brewing plants in South East Nigeria need to ensure that their supply chain concentrates on the most important member, the customer who should be kept satisfied at all costs, thus helping to boost customer services and also put in place a well managed supply chain that removes disruptions and obstacles in their business activities. Nwatu Chukwuemeka "Supply Chain and Production Cost of Brewing Plants in South-East, Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd44965.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/strategic-management/44965/supply-chain-and-production-cost-of-brewing-plants-in-southeast-nigeria/nwatu-chukwuemeka
A Review Article Branding Dental Clinic through Corporate Social Responsibili...YogeshIJTSRD
This article reviews the link between corporate social responsibility CSR , brand awareness, brand image, brand satisfaction, and brand loyalty. It would help provide evidence for CSR management and determine CSRs importance for the performance of dental clinics. In their efforts to increase CSR practices and communication to respond to patients demands and needs, which influence dental clinics branding, they would also reassure managers. The literature review indicates that previous studies in the healthcare sector supported a framework, but few were found in the dental care services sector. The article will show the links between CSR practices and communication on dental clinic branding from a review. It may help the decision manager develop a marketing plan and strategies in the private dental healthcare sector. Supaprawat Siripipatthanakul | Dr. Karin Sixl-Daniell "A Review Article Branding Dental Clinic through Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd44946.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/marketing/44946/a-review-article-branding-dental-clinic-through-corporate-social-responsibility-csr/supaprawat-siripipatthanakul
This presentation looks at ways in which governments can set prices, including “cost plus”, value, and the external referencing of prices elsewhere. It looks at the role that competition can play in keeping down prices. In that context it briefly discusses pricing proposals being considered in Malaysia. It makes the case for using HTA to inform pricing decisions.
Adrian Towse
Presentation on Data4Impact methodology & results in the workshop on the use ...Data4Impact
The workshop on the use of big data technologies for advanced research assessment was part of a two day event, co-organised by OpenAIRE and Data4Impact, with support of Science Europe, explored mechanisms for research policy monitoring and indicators, and how to link these to infrastructure and services. The first day was focused on open science indicators as these emerge from national and EU initiatives, while the second day explored more advanced aspects of indicators for innovation and societal impact.
The presentation of the second workshop day includes the introduction to Data4Impact, presents our conceptual framework, and discusses the development of a series of indicators on the performance and societal impact of 40+ research programmes in the health domain.
A rapid overview of a methodology to measure the qualitative and financial value of ICT projects in hospitals.
This methodology was designed in a collaborative way by PMO of 4 swiss french speaking hospitals by adaptation of existing methods
Improving sustainability of primary e-healthcare projects in rural areas of d...inesbba
This a brief presentation about the starting proposal for my PhD thesis. The presentation was given at IPID Conference 2011 in Lugano and discussed with the audience.
The use of ICTto support Home and in the Hospital Education (HHE)Matteo Uggeri
Despite the fact that education represents the most important factor in the prevention and mediation of the psycho-social consequences of illnesses in children and young adults, students with medical issues are still less engaged in learning and face social difficulties resulting in a lower academic achievement. The best way to achieve a good education is to boost attendance in mainstream schools, which provide not only cognitive but also social and developmental advantages to all students.
Students with medical needs either in hospital or at home, face isolation, disengagement and regression. They cannot access mainstream education due to their illness and associated therapies. Within this context, ICT can play a key role in providing better communication and enabling access to education during the period of absence from mainstream school.
LeHo (Learning at Home and in the Hospital) is developing an online hub in order to provide effective tools and relevant resources for home and hospital education practitioners, stakeholders and interested parties.
These slides provide some examples of such innovative practices and a short overview on the project itslef.
This presentation has been showed by Matteo Uggeri (Fondazione Politecnico di Milano, Italy) at Online Educa Berlin 2014 within the session "Addressing Inequality: Is ICT a Silver Bullet?", chaired by Michael Meyer (Aga Khan University, Kenya).
Other presentations in that session were:
- "The Potential of Online Learning as an Alternative Educational Programme for Early School Leavers" by Marianne Checkley (iScoil/IADT, Ireland);
- "Implementation and Evaluation of Radio as an Educational Intervention for Inclusion and Informal Learning" by Andrew Ravenscroft (University of East London, UK);
- "Digital Communities and Social Networks on Preventing ESL" by Hariklia Tsalapatas (University of Thessaly, Greece).
Lessons Learned Model for Projects Supported by Web 2.0 Tools: a Mixed Method...Marcirio Chaves
Research Objectives:
Develop an IT 2.0 adoption model to assist managers of IT / IS projects in the treatment of lessons learned;
Validate the model proposed by reviewing the model with experts of project area.
Theera-Ampornpunt N. The intersection of ICT and health informatics research. Presented at: Faculty of ICT, Mahidol University; 2012 Feb 24; Bangkok, Thailand.
ICT Sector Assessment Presentation prepared by IESC's Mehdi Sif and delivered in a public workshop in 2004, middle east telecommunications sector assesment, Free Trade Agreement, IESC, USAID, International Executive Service Corps
PUA Punti unici di accesso. 1° parte: le norme nazionali e regionaliFranco Pesaresi
Le slides illustrano le poche norme nazionali e le diversificate norme regionali sui Puniti unici di accesso. La seconda parte si occupa delle funzioni e dell'organizzazione dei PUA.
Presenter: Student
Institution: Grantham University
Date: July 2, 2020
ADOPTING TECHNOLOGY IN HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT AND THE EFFECTS ON PATIENT OUTCOME
In this presentation you will be exposed to the following:
Problem statement and its current scope
Literature review
Strategic plan, who will benefit and what will the healthcare environment looks like once resolved
Recommendations/ limitations
References
CONTENTS OF THIS PRESENTATION
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PROBLEM STATEMENT
Current scope
LITERATURE REVIEW
Theoretical framework in which the problem exists
01
03
02
04
05
STRATEGIC PLAN
Implementation and benefits
RECOMMENDATION FOR FUTURE STUDY/LIMITATIONS
Social and political barriers to implementation
REFERENCES
Over 20 references with vast majority within five years.
COMMENTS
PROBLEM STATEMENT
01
Current Scope
Problem statement
Many healthcare professionals are less adoptive to technology advances, they are not up to date with new medical discoveries, performance measurements and decrease coordination with each other (Seblega 2010). These deficiencies resulted in the analysis of challenges that exists with technology adoption to include, costs, interoperability, outdated technology, difficulty in use of technology and complicated asset tracking and implementation.
Who are affected?
Practicioners, managers, employees, investors, patients and the economy on a whole
Demographics
Analysis done on the two selected countries of Nigeria and the United States both concluded that technology adoption in healthcare is linked to usefulness and ease of use of technology.
01 CONTINUES
History of problem
Discussion about the use of computers began in 1960s.
The possibility of electronic health records (EHR), were examined in 1991.
When did the problem appeared?
Since the discussion to use technology to enhance medical care
01 CONTINUES
CURRENT SCOPE
The challenges in health technology adoption is significant because despite the evolution of the society, the importance of these tools for modern technology to improve quality care outcomes and other elaborate benefits that are associated with it is limited (underutilized or low) because of factors to include financial concerns, poor infrastructure, low technical expertise and resistance from healthcare professionals (Zayyad 2018).
01 CONTINUES
What is currently being done?
The resistance experienced by both health professionals and patients soon decrease even because of the Coronavirus pandemic. This pandemic is a push factor towards medical technology adoption. Wicklund (2020), explained that the future of healthcare is now reshaped. The increase in the use of telemedicine is seen across the world as it helps in deciding which patients are to be seen in the hospital or elsewhere. This is believed that in order to prevent the spread of the virus patients must be isolated. In addition, there are technologies used to deal with Coronavirus namely symptom trackers, Chat.
it & Economic Performance a Critical Review of the Empirical DataWaqas Tariq
The present study undertakes a critical review of the research around the multi-significant issue of the correlation between the IT investments and the economic performance to both micro and macroeconomic level. The aim of this study is to shed light on the interaction of IT with the economy, at corporate, industry and national level and document it¢ s contribution to productivity and therefore to economic growth. My conclusion is that there is a positive effect of IT investments to both the above economic indicators in all aspects, but is something that needs further research so as to find a more clear and risk adjusted relation.
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
Present study aims to investigate the influence of ICTs dimensions (Information Technology (IT),
Management Information System (MIS), Office automation (OA), Intranet and Internet) on workforce
productivity for a group of industrial organizations in Alexandria - Egypt. The population of the study was
managers and staff members working in different areas related to ICTs in the selected industrial
organizations at various managerial levels. Descriptive-statistical combined research study was conducted.
The selection of the participating industrial organization done using simple random sampling technique.
Data collection done using questionnaires. In order to check the validity of the study instrument expert
comments were used and the reliability of the questions calculated as 79% using Cronbach’s Alpha
coefficient. The analysis of instrument data done using single variable t-test, Friedman and variance
analysis. The study findings revealed that the specified dimensions of ICTs positively affect workforce
productivity of industrial organizations in Alexandria - Egypt.
Research articleFactors affecting the successful realisati.docxrgladys1
Research article
Factors affecting the successful realisation
of benefits from systems development
projects: findings from three case studies
Neil F Doherty1, Colin Ashurst2, Joe Peppard3
1The Business School, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK;
2The Business School, Durham University, Durham, UK;
3Cranfield School of Management, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, UK
Correspondence:
NF Doherty, The Business School, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK.
Tel: þ 44 01509 223328;
Fax: þ 44 01509 223960;
E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract
The return that organisations derive from investments in information systems and
technology continues to disappoint. While there is a very significant body of literature on
the factors that should facilitate a successful outcome from systems development, there is
growing concern that these prescriptions are not having their desired effect. In this paper,
we argue that the success of a systems development project should be measured in terms
of its ability to deliver meaningful benefits, rather than the timely delivery of a technical
artefact, and therefore organisations should adopt an explicit and proactive benefits
realisation approach when investing in IT. Consequently, we sought to explore those
actionable factors that might facilitate the effective realisation of benefits from systems
development initiatives. Three organisations were identified that claimed to adopt a
proactive approach to benefits realisation, and detailed studies of their systems
development practices were conducted. Our analysis found that whilst one organisation
had been successful in its adoption of a benefits realisation perspective, the other two had
not, and this allowed us to identify those factors that helped to explain this difference in
outcomes. In short, this paper makes an important contribution by identifying how a sub-
set of traditional systems success factors might be enhanced, to give them a more explicit
benefits realisation orientation. Moreover, it presents a coherent set of principles that can
be used for deriving other factors and practices.
Journal of Information Technology (2012) 27, 1–16. doi:10.1057/jit.2011.8
Published online 9 August 2011
Keywords: IT development projects; benefits realisation; organisational change; ISD success factors;
value
Introduction
T
he context for the research reported in this paper is the
continued high failure rate of investments in information
systems/information technology (IS/IT): a considerable
amount of time, money, effort and opportunity can be wasted
upon IT investments that ultimately fail to deliver benefits
(Fortune and Peters, 2005; Peppard and Ward, 2005).
Estimates of the level of failure may vary, but over the past
30 years they have tended to stay uncomfortably high. More
specifically, it has been suggested that in the late 1970s only
20% of the projects ‘achieved something like their intended
benefits’ (Eason, 1988), and that by the late 1980s, it .
Running Head ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY – APPLICATION 31ANNOTATED .docxSUBHI7
Running Head: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY – APPLICATION 3 1
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY – APPLICATION 3 18
Introduction
The use of Information Technologies in the business process is a wide and ever changing filed that is conferring various benefits and challenges in the field of business process managements. Various organizational structure challenges, and employee have exerted various resistances and challenges but the provision of the solutions have been studied and presented. This paper presents the summaries of various studies, objects, methodologies used, the study limitations and assumptions and a concise comment on the resource in relation to the source of the resource and recommendations on further studies in each study to better understanding in the entire field.
Albadvi, A., Keramati, A., & Razmi, J. (2007). Assessing the impact of information technology on firm performance considering the role of intervening variables: organizational infrastructures and business processes reengineering. International Journal of Production Research, 45(12), 2697-2734. Retrieved from Business Source Complete database.
The scope of this paper is on the relationship between information technology (IT) use and the firm general performance in the consideration of the variables like infrastructure and process reengineering intervening in organizations. The purpose of the research was to establish the roles of the intervening variables on the relationship between IT and firms performance. The instruments to be used in research of the relationship between IT and the firms performance and the role of the two intervening important variable focused on which were reengineering of the processes (BPRM) and organizational infrastructure (OIS) in the IT and firm performance relationship were presented. The study based on the empirical filed survey design where 200 car part producers were administered with questionnaires. The questionnaires addressed the OIS, BPRM, Performance measurement (PER) and IT usage (ITU). The findings of this study demonstrated that there was a moderating effects of the organizational infrastructure and the mediating roles of the business process reengineering on the association between IT use and the performance of a firm. The IT usage was significantly high in pecuniary affairs of most companies. Organizational infrastructures was significantly considered in most companies and that IT usage significantly influenced the products production reengineering process. This information was very resourceful in the entire coursework and also raised the confidence of the body of resources used in finding this information. The underlying assumptions of the study was that the measures used in this study had a high internal consistency thus giving highly correlated answers hence high stability of the used measures. The limitations of the study was a small sample population that was corrected by the stability of the study measures (H ...
Data for Impact - Horizon 2020 project pioneering big data approaches for improved assessment of the societal impact in the health, demographic change and well-being societal challenge at national and EU levels. Data4Impact aspires to develop a set of new indicators for assessing research and innovation performance based on a hands-on and data-driven approach.
Here is the presentation from the Data4Impact workshop, which took place on 24th of September 2018.
An EHealth Adoption Framework for Developing Countries: A Systematic Reviewhiij
There is growing interest in the rate of eHealth uptake resulting from the increased potential to advance the quality of healthcare services in both the developed and developing countries. Although the implementation of information and communication technology to support healthcare delivery would greatly address the quality and accessibility challenges in healthcare as well as reduction in the cost of healthcare delivery, the adoption of eHealth has not been fully realized. This study aimed at conducting a systematic literature review to establish the factors associated with the adoption of eHealth and propose a context-specific framework for successful adoption of eHealth technologies in developing countries such as Uganda. The systematic literature review process was guided by the Systematic Review Protocol. The review of 29 journals from the period 2009-2021 showed that, although the most widely used frameworks in the developing countries were Technology Adoption Model (TAM), Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) framework and Technology Organization Environment (TOE) framework, there were other salient factors reported by other researchers that contributed to the adoption of eHealth in developing countries. A novel framework for adoption of eHealth in the local context with eight (8) dimensions namely; Sociodemographic, Technology, Information, Socio-cultural, Organization, Governance, Ethical and legal and Financial dimensions is derived and presented as result of the research.
Case study 7 chapter 141. 2. Answer the Case Study Questions (.docxwendolynhalbert
Case study 7 chapter 14
1.
2. Answer the Case Study Questions (found at the end of each case study) in 500-750 words total (not including reference list).
3. Include at least one additional, external reference to sources such as an article or video. Cite the reference(s) in your study.
Your case study will be graded on the following:
Grading: 20 points
Content 80% (how thoroughly and logically you answer the questions, how well you incorporate your reference(s), how well you make arguments and state facts to support your answers).
Spelling/Grammar/Punctuation 20%
14-4 What are the principal risk factors in information systems projects, and how can they be managed?
We have already introduced the topic of information system risks and risk assessment in Chapter 8. In this chapter, we describe the specific risks to information systems projects and show what can be done to manage them effectively.Dimensions of Project Risk
Systems differ dramatically in their size, scope, level of complexity, and organizational and technical components. Some systems development projects are more likely to create the problems we have described earlier or to suffer delays because they carry a much higher level of risk than others. The level of project risk is influenced by project size, project structure, and the level of technical expertise of the information systems staff and project team.
· Project size. The larger the project—as indicated by the dollars spent, the size of the implementation staff, the time allocated for implementation, and the number of organizational units affected—the greater the risk. Very large-scale systems projects have a failure rate that is 50 to 75 percent higher than that for other projects because such projects are complex and difficult to control. The organizational complexity of the system—how many units and groups use it and how much it influences business processes—contributes to the complexity of large-scale systems projects just as much as technical characteristics, such as the number of lines of program code, length of project, and budget. In addition, there are few reliable techniques for estimating the time and cost to develop large-scale information systems.
· Project structure. Some projects are more highly structured than others. Their requirements are clear and straightforward, so outputs and processes can be easily defined. Users know exactly what they want and what the system should do; there is almost no possibility of the users changing their minds. Such projects run a much lower risk than those with relatively undefined, fluid, and constantly changing requirements; with outputs that cannot be fixed easily because they are subject to users’ changing ideas; or with users who cannot agree on what they want.
· Experience with technology. The project risk rises if the project team and the information system staff lack the required technical expertise. If the team is unfamiliar with the hardware, system software, applica ...
La salud en manos de los ciudadanos
Seminario sobre la Carpeta Personal de Salud -
Personal Health Record (PHR).
Tecnocampus Mataró, 29 d'octubre de 2010
From information to interaction, from citizen to Networked citizen, from physicians to Networked physicianas... Healthcare in transition to Network Society
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
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Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
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Evaluation of Integrated Care: From methods to governance and applications - Economics of eHealth
1. The views expressed in this presentation are those of the author and do not (necessarily) reflect the position of the European Commission. Neither the Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission can be hold responsible for the use which is made of this presentation Evaluation of Integrated Care: From methods to governance and applications Economics of eHealth 11th International Conference on Integrated Care (INIC11) April 1, 2011 Odense, Denmark Dr. Francisco Lupiáñez-Villanueva http://www.ictconsequences.net/ JRC – IPTS – IS Unit
2. Institute for Prospective Technological Studies Francisco Lupiáñez-Villanueva, PhD http://www.ictconsequences.net Information Society Unit European Commission, DG JRC Institute for Prospective Technological Studies (IPTS) Edificio Expo - Calle Inca Garcilaso, s/n E-41092 Seville - Spain http://ipts.jrc.ec.europa.eu [email_address] Phone +34 954 488 206 (direct) Fax +34 954 488 208 IPTS: Part of DG JRC of the EC: 7 Research Institutes across EU Mission: “to provide customer-driven support to the EU policy-making process by researching science-based responses to policy challenges that have both a socio-economic as well as a scientific / technological dimension” Modus operandi: desk research, expert groups, modelling, centres of Expertise, foresight
3. Economic evaluation of integrated care “ It is generally assumed that integrated care results in increased effectiveness and quality of care, while being cost-effective or even cost-saving at the same” “ There is a need for well-designed economic evaluation studies of integrated care arrangements, in particular in order to support decision making on the long-term financing of these programmes” “ A skilled health economist should be consulted in the early phase of the design of the study. Ideally, the health economist would be part of the research team from start to finish of the project”
4. Evidences Limitations: Available quantitative research was limited and was done by a small number of institutions. Systems were heterogeneous and sometimes incompletely described. Available financial and contextual data were limited. As this paper demonstrates, few economic evaluations of telemedicine can be trusted to provide reliable information for decision-making. The majority of the evaluations reviewed were not in accordance with standard evaluation techniques and still have a long way to go before decision-makers can rely on them to produce valid and reliable cost-effectiveness data.
5. “ Productivity Paradox” While information technology (IT) investments in healthcare are higher than ever, there are contradictions in the literature regarding their ability to improve productivity, quality of care and/or healthcare system efficiency.
9. ICT as General Purpose Technology The term “general-purpose technology”, or GPT, has seen extensive use in recent treatments of the role of technology in economic growth, and is usually reserved for changes that transform both household life and the ways in which firms conduct business. Steam, electricity, internal combustion, and information technology (IT) are often classified as GPTs for this reason. They affected the whole economy.
14. ICT complexity A particular problem in health sector is that there is no measure of performance analogous to profits from private sector firms, and health care organisations tend to pursue multiple objectives. ICT implementation may have effects that are multidimensional and often uncertain in their reach and scope, and difficult to control. In addition, the realisation of benefits from ICT implementation strongly depends on contextual conditions These difficulties are further exacerbated by data limitations, definitional problems and lack of appropriate sets of indicators on adoption and use of ICT comparison. Dimensions related with measurement errors, time lag, redistribution and mismanagement of ICT are being pointed out within the application of “productivity paradox” into health care
15. Stakeholders STRATEGIC AND OPERATIONAL OBJECTIVES INPUT OUTPUT (treatment) OUTCOMES / IMPACTS EFFICIENCY (INPUT/OUTPUT) EFFECTIVENESS (COST/OUTCOMES) CODAGNONE (2011) ICT complexity Intervening variables, or confounders, covariates, etc (demographic, socio-economic, attitudinal, relational, etc) plus unobservable and/or ommitted variables Fundamental problem of causal inference and impact evaluation: observing me taking and not taking an aspirin: is not possible!
17. HEALTH ICT: Indicators for international comparisons of health ICT adoption and use. (OECD, 2008) ICT complexity
18. To understand the real impact of ICT within health care adopting a single analytical approach is inadvisable and that insight into the overall effects of ICT is best gained from consideration of a mix of study types (Street, 2007). ICT complexity
19. Codagnote et al. adapted from Drummond et all, 2005 Economic evaluation
20. Mapping questions to approaches Codagnone, 2011 Question Approach Did we do what we planned? To what extent? Where we did it and where we did not? Evaluation as control, implementation effectiveness = expected output minus actual output (if zero then full effectiveness). Within the domain of Monitoring & Operational evaluation (M&OE). Mostly about data and indicators. Could we produce the same output spending less? Who spent less and who spent more and why? Evaluation as control, implementation efficiency= output/input. If intervention on multiple sites data from M&OE can be used for statistical multivariate analysis of input efficiency (i.e. Data Envelopment Analysis) Did we produce an effect contributing to reach the target outcome that can be attributed solely to our intervention? Impact Evaluation with counterfactual approach, outcome effectiveness = proved treatment effect Was the produced effect worth the costs? Impact Evaluation with counterfactual approach, outcome cost-effectiveness = proved treatment effect net of cost (or estimate of unit costs obtained as a net effect of intervention through counterfactual approach. For instance cost-per – QALY produced threshold used in the UK by NICE)
21.
22. Economic evaluation of integrated care “ A skilled health economist should be consulted in the early phase of the design of the study. Ideally, the health economist would be part of the research team from start to finish of the project” REMEMBER
23. Thank you for your attention Francisco Lupiáñez-Villanueva, PhD http://www.ictconsequences.net/ JRC – IPTS – IS Unit
Editor's Notes
Although relatively few studies have been done to date, the field is challenging from a methodological point of view, offering analysts a wealth of opportunities. Guidance to realise these opportunities is provided by the general principles for economic evaluation, which can be tailored to the requirements of this particular field.
Case studies reported by OECD (2010) stated that ICT implementation benefits could be grouped according to four inter-related categories of objectives: (1) Increasing quality of care and efficiency; (2) Reducing operating costs of clinical services; (3) Reducing administrative costs and (4) Enabling entirely new modes of care. Within this context OECD (2010) claimed that Governments could provide motivation for high-performing projects through targeted incentives and also occupied a central position as initiator, funding provider, project facilitator, and neutral convener, playing a special role to encourage the utilization of standards to reach a common goal. Furthermore, the main findings of this study could be summarised as follow: (1) Establish robust and coherent privacy protection; (2) Align incentives with health system priorities; (3) Accelerate and steer interoperability efforts; and (4) Strengthen monitoring and evaluation.
Brynjolfsson, E., L. Hitt, and Sloan School of Management. Center for Information Systems Research., Computers and economic growth : firm-level evidence . CISR Working Paper. 1994, Cambridge, Mass: Alfred P. Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 43 p. 44. Brynjolfsson, E., et al., Is information systems spending productive ? : new evidence and new results . Sloan Working Paper No.3571-93. 1993, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Center for Information Systems Research, Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 32p.
, even though the centrality of information exchange in the care process and its usefulness in management, accountability, research and financial transaction (Street, 2007).
A particular problem in health sector is that there is no measure of performance analogous to profits from private sector firms, and health care organisations tend to pursue multiple objectives. Furthermore, ICT implementation may have effects that are multidimensional and often uncertain in their reach and scope, and difficult to control. In addition, the realisation of benefits from ICT implementation strongly depends on contextual conditions (Street, 2007). On the one hand, these difficulties are further exacerbated by data limitations, definitional problems and lack of appropriate sets of indicators on adoption and use of ICT comparison. On the other hand, dimensions related with measurement errors, time lag, redistribution and mismanagement of ICT are being pointed out within the application of “productivity paradox” into health care. E. Brynjolfsson, The productivity paradox of information technology: review and assessment, Commun. ACM 36 (12) (1993) 67–77. E. Brynjolfsson, L.M. Hitt, Beyond the productivity paradox, Commun. ACM 41 (8) (1998) 49–55.
To understand the real impact of ICT within health care adopting a single analytical approach is inadvisable and that insight into the overall effects of ICT is best gained from consideration of a mix of study types (Street, 2007). Empirical studies into the impact of ICT could be grouped into four broad categories: (1) Aggregate analyses that take a macro perspective by looking at the economy as a whole; (2) Industry or sectoral level analyses that focus on specific industries or sectors within the economy; (3) Firm or organisational-level analyses and (5) Case studies that focus on specific examples of ICT (Street, 2007). Firm-level analyses could be grouped twofold. On the one hand, standard economic theory of the firm and regressions (econometric) models and, on the other hand, studies attempt to estimate the relative efficiency of organisations. These studies can be sub-divided into those that use the regression based technique called Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) and those that employ a linear programming technique know as Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA).
Although relatively few studies have been done to date, the field is challenging from a methodological point of view, offering analysts a wealth of opportunities. Guidance to realise these opportunities is provided by the general principles for economic evaluation, which can be tailored to the requirements of this particular field.