The document defines an ecosystem as a community of living organisms that interact with each other and their physical environment. It describes the key components of an ecosystem as the biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) factors. Some examples of ecosystem types are given such as forests, deserts, grasslands and aquatic ecosystems. The functions of ecosystems are also outlined, including the cycling of nutrients and flow of energy. Global threats to ecosystem viability are mentioned. In conclusion, the document provides an overview of ecosystems, their structures, functions and threats.

1. UNIT-II(M.SC I FIRST YEAR)
ECOSYSTEM(CHN)
DR.ANJALTCHI M.SC(N),MBA(HA),
MD(AM)

2. THE ECOSYSTEM

3. Ecosystem Scientific Definition
• An ecosystem is the basic unit of the field of the
scientific study of nature. According to this discipline,
an ecosystem is a physically defined environment,
made up of two inseparable components:
• The biotope (abiotic): a particular physical
environment with specific physical characteristics such
as the climate, temperature, humidity, concentration of
nutrients or pH.
• The biocenosis (biotic): a set of living organisms such
as animals, plants or micro-organisms, that are in
constant interaction and are, therefore, in a situation
of interdependence.

4. Definition of ecosystem
• definition of an ecosystem is that it is
a community or group of living organisms that
live in and interact with each other in a
specific environment.

5. Concept of ecosystem
• The concept of < ecosystem > is possible at
several scales of magnitude. From
multicellular organisms such as insects
animals or plants to lakes, mountain ranges or
forests to the planet Earth as a whole.

6. • Importance of Ecosystem:
• It provides habitat to wild plants and animals.
It supports different food chains and food
webs. It regulates
essential ecological processes and support
lives. Involved in the recycling of nutrients
between biotic and abiotic components.

7. Importance of ecosystem

8. Continued

12. THE MAIN STRUCTURAL
COMPONENTS

13. ECOSYSTEM

14. TYPES OF ECOSYSTEM

15. CONTINUED

16. TYPE OF ECOSYSTEM

19. ARTIFICIAL ECOSYSTEM

20. ECOSYSTEM PLAN

21. CHARACTERITIC OF ECOSYSTEM

23. STRUCTURE OR COMPONENTS

27. STRUCTURE FEATURES

28. FLOW CHART

31. CONSUMERS OF ECOSYSTEM

38. FOREST ECOSYSTEM

40. DESERT ECOSYSTEM

42. CONTINUED

43. GRASSLAND ECOSYSTEM

44. AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM

45. FUNCTION OF ECOSYSTEM

48. Dynamic process of ecosystem

50. TRANSFER OF ENERGY IN AN
ECOSYSTEM

51. ENERGY FLOW IN ECOSYSTEM

52. ENERGY FLOW CHART

57. CARBON CYCLE

59. MODELS FOR ENERGY

63. FOOD CHAIN

64. WATER CYCLE

66. Ecosystem Services: Examples
• Without ecosystem services, life on Earth as
we know it wouldn’t exist. There are four main
categories of ecosystem services:
• Provisioning services refer to the products
secured by ecosystems. These include:
• • Water• Food (including cattle and seafood)•
Pharmaceuticals, biochemicals, and industrial
products• Energy (sunlight, hydropower,
biomass)

67. • Regulating services are the ecosystem services
that allow the regulation of ecosystem processes
such as:• Climate regulation (and carbon
absorption and storage via the oceans, trees,
soil)• Waste decomposition (one of the most
essential microbial process happening in soil)•
Crop pollination (performed by agents such as
bees that contribute to the reproduction of
flowering plants)• Water and air purification and
regulation• Control of pests and diseases

68. • Supporting and habitat services refer to the
ability of ecosystems to give habitat for
migratory species and to support the viability
of gene-pools.This is possible thanks to:•
Primary reproduction• Nutrient and seed
dispersal

69. • Cultural services are the benefits ecosystem services
bring to humans. Examples of these are:
• Inspiration for intellectual (creativity), cultural
(entertainment) and spiritual (why) purposes –
Remember how it feels good to seeing and hearing
wild birds – Animals, plants and even the funghi
kingdom serve as inspiration in theaters, movies… –
Many people go to natural sites when they want to be
alone or reflect about life• Recreational experiences
such as outdoors activities or ecotourism• Scientific
discovery and optimization/efficiency by following
examples of the natural world (biomimicry)

70. GLOBEL THREATS TO ECOSYSTEM
VIABILITY

71. SUMMARY
• Till now we discussed about ecosystem like ,
introduction, definition, types, structure,
components, model of ecosystem, function
and global threat etc

72. CONCLUSION
• I hope you all understand about the
ecosystem and its functions. If you got chance
to work in ecosystem in future will you able to
apply the above knowledge with confidently.

73. QUESTION RELATED TOPIC
• Definition of ecosystem
• List out the type of ecosystem
• Discuss the components or structure of
ecosystem
• Describe the function of ecosystem
• Explain the global threats viability of
ecosystem.
• Write the nurses role in ecosysem

74. REFERENCES
• K.PARK COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
PUBLISHED BY JAYPPEE BROTHERS ,NEW
DELHI.
• B.T.BASAVANTHAPPA TEXT BOOK OF
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING , JAYPEE
BROTHERS, NEW DELHI.
• WWW.ECOSYSTEM SLIDE SHARE