Ebola virus disease first appeared in 1976 in two outbreaks in central Africa. The current west Africa outbreak beginning in 2014 is the largest on record. Ebola virus is a rare but deadly virus that causes bleeding and damages organs and the immune system. It spreads through contact with infected animals like bats or non-human primates, or through contact with a sick or dead human's bodily fluids. Health care providers and family members in close contact with patients have the highest risk of infection. While there is no approved vaccine or treatment, experimental treatments aim to manage symptoms and replace fluids and blood.

1. By : Balbeer SinghSZABIST, Karachi

2. Background
• Ebola virus disease (EVD)
first appeared in 1976 in
2 simultaneous
outbreaks.
 one in Nzara, Sudan and
 the other in Yambuku,
Democratic Republic of
Congo.
 The current outbreak in
west Africa, (first cases
notified in March 2014),
is the largest and most
complex Ebola outbreak

4. Structure of Ebola Virus

5. Structure of Ebola Virus
• Single-stranded, linear, non-segmented
• Filamentous - shape of “U” or “6”
• Coiled, toroid, or branched
• 19 kb length,60-80 nm in diameter
• Negative-sense enveloped RNA (3’ to 5’
direction)
• “Spikes” appearance

6. • Ebola viruses are mainly
found in primates in Africa
and possibly the Philippines
• Ebola is a rare but deadly
virus that causes bleeding
inside and outside the body.
• As the virus spreads through
the body it damages the
immune system and organs

7. • Ultimately, it causes
levels of blood-clotting
cells to drop.
• This leads to severe,
uncontrollable bleeding.
• Ebola virus, kills up to
90% of people who are
infected.

8. • As the disease gets worse,
it causes bleeding inside
the body as well as from
the eyes, ears, and nose.
• Some people will vomit or
cough up blood, have
bloody diarrhea, and get a
rash.

12. Transmission
• It spreads to people by contact with the skin or
bodily fluids of an infected animal
• like a monkey Or fruit bat
• Then it moves from person to person the same
way.
• Those who care for a sick person
• or bury someone who has died from the disease
often get it.
• Other ways to get Ebola include touching
contaminated needles or surfaces.

13. Transmission

15. Who is at Most Risk
of Getting Ebola
• Health care providers caring for Ebola patients
and the family and friends in close contact
with Ebola patients are at the highest risk of
getting sick.
• Because they may come in contact with the
blood or body fluids of sick patients.
• People also can become sick with Ebola after
coming in contact with infected wildlife.

16. • Sometimes it's hard to
tell if a person has Ebola
from the symptoms
alone.
• Tests of blood and
tissues also can diagnose
Ebola.
How Is Ebola Virus Diagnosed?

17. Treatment
• No specific treatment available but
experimental ones are
• Frequent dehydration and oral rehydration
with solutions containing electrolytes or
intravenous fluids.
• Maintaining oxygen status and blood pressure
• Replacing lost blood
• Treating other infections if they occur

18. Vaccine for Ebola
• No licensed vaccine for EVD is available.
Several vaccines are being tested, but none
are available for clinical use.

21. Thank
YOu