Eastern Cape Maritime Summit
28 October 2016
Results Announcement 2016
Results Announcement 2016
Terminals in the Eastern Cape
EL PE NCT
Draft 10.2m 11.7m 16m
Results Announcement 2016
East London Multi Purpose Terminal - Overview
• The Port of East London is located on the eastern
seaboard of South Africa.
• The Port of East London is situated at the mouth
of the BuffaloRiver.
• The only commercial river port on the South
African coast line.
• Centrallylocatedboth nationallyand
internationally,the port is strategicallypositioned
to act as the gatewaybetween Africa and the
global market.
• Geographicalpositiongives its customers easy
access to world markets.
• The number of vessel callsper year in FY16 was
189 vessels (in FY15, 177 vessels)
Commodities Handled Containers Automotive Break/Bulk Agri Bulk
Results Announcement 2016
Port Elizabeth Terminals - Overview
• Geographically well-positioned, customer-
centric, multi-cargo port that prides itself
on flexibility and service excellence.
• It is the gatewayfor expanding markets.
• Being a congestion free port allows it to
maintain high cargo handling rates, fast
and efficient ship turnaround and
unparalleled service levels.
• The number of vessel calls per year in
FY16 was 589 vessels (in FY15, 655
vessels)
Commodities Handled Containers Automotive Break/Bulk Bulk
Results Announcement 2016
Ngqura Container Terminal - Overview
• The latest developmentin the South African
stables of ports is the Port of Ngqura.
• Deep-water port locatedon the east coast of
South Africa.
• The Port of Ngqura is a world class deep water
transhipmenthub.
• Offering an integrated,efficient and
competitiveport service for containerson
transit to global markets and within the Sub-
SaharanAfrica region.
• The number of vessel calls per year in FY16 was
454 vessels (in FY15, 488 vessels)
Commodities Handled Containers
Results Announcement 2016
Complimentary Systems - TPT
Results Announcement 2016
Port System interaction & inter-dependencies
• Most vessels calling SA carry cargo destined to more than one
province.
• Most of these vessels call at multiple ports.
• Customers prefer contracting on guaranteed expected departure time
within our network of ports.
• Reliance on road and rail connectivity is of paramount importance.
• Performance of these 2 landside transport modes affect the overall
port performance.
• The master plan for the development of South African ports sees a
complementarysystem being developed that links ports to various rail
corridors.
Results Announcement 2016
Benefits to be derived
• NCT impact - Part of complimentary port system (niche market).
• Job creation.
• Increased socio economic activity.
• Support SA as a link between SSA and BRICS countries.
• Commitment to job creation, skills , enterprise & supplier
development, etc.
• Historical evidence of lowering cost of doing business.
Results Announcement 2016
Current initiatives
• Transhipment link between Port Elizabeth and East London.
• Rail shuttle service between the Port of Port Elizabeth and the Ngqura
Container Terminal.
• Regionalised Support Services including procurement, Finance, Fleet
Management, Information Systems,Risk Management.
• Flexible labour resourcing models being adopted in an effort to develop
staff and reduce the cost of doing business.
• Flexible equipment resourcing with the transfer of equipment where it
is needed.
Results Announcement 2016
Key Successes
• East London has achieved the highest monthly Automotive
throughput of 13 000 units in September 2016.
• Port Elizabeth prides itself on the skiptainer innovation and the
growth in this market.
• World class Manganese facility is being developed.
• Ngqura Container terminal has world infrastructure and increased
capacity.
Results Announcement 2016
Major Regional CAPEX to support the strategy
NGQURA CONTAINER TERMINAL EXPANDED
- R1bn in equipment, civil infrastructure and buildings
- Additional permanent jobs were created (totalling 764 jobs)
PORT ELIZABETH MANGANESE PROJECT
- Investment of R27.7bn for Ngqura Manganese Export Terminal
- Support emerging miners & support excess market demand
- Investment of R428M for PE Plant refurbishment
EL PSP GRAIN ELEVATOR PROJECT
- RFI came back positive re PSP process
- Both Downscaling & PSP are in the procurement phase
Results Announcement 2016
Results Announcement 2016
• ±13,000 total shipcalls at SA ports p.a.
• Potential 2500-5500 ships p.a. for shiprepair
• Global demand for dry docks toincrease at
13% p.a. from 2015 onwards
• ±33% of bulk carriers, tankers andcontainer
ships are dry-dockedp.a.
Through OperationPhakisa, government aims toimplement priority programmes better, faster and
more effectively the shiprepair market was identifiedas a key industry contributing tojob
creation, transformation, skills development andinfrastructure investment
SHIP REPAIR MARKET SIZE
Port Nolloth
Saldanha Bay
Cape Town
Mossel Bay
Port Elizabeth
Ngqura
East London
• The capital investment over the short to
medium term will improve the safety,
reliability and efficiency relating to the ship
repair facilities
STRATEGYPILLARS
Ship repair facilities are located
at 8 of the 9 commercial ports
as on or more of the following:
• Slipways
• Synchrolifts
• Dry docks
• Floating docks
Operation Phakisa: GDP contribution, job creation in Marine Transport and Manufacturing (MTM) Sector
Durban
Richards
Bay
Results Announcement 2016
Infrastructure and operations Skills and capacity building Market growth
▪ Create supportive funding and revenue
model
▪ Establish purpose-built oil and gas port
infrastructure by appointing Facility
Operators – Saldanha Bay
▪ Align on Implementation of
government policy
▪ Prioritise Transnet and TNPA funding
allocation towards marine
manufacturing
▪ Maintain and refurbish existing
facilities
▪ Unlock investment in new and existing
port facilities
▪ Implement Strategic Prioritised Project
– Richards Bay
▪ Implement Strategic Prioritised Projects
– East London
▪ Train 2,550 TVET College graduates on
an 18-month Workplace-based
Experiential Learner Programme in
scarce and critical trades over the 5
year period
▪ Create dedicated Occupational Teams
for MTM Sector (professional, trades,
operators and seafarers)
▪ Establish trade RPL, CBMT or Centres of
Specialisation in Saldanha Bay and
Richards Bay
▪ Train 18,172 learners as artisans, semi-
skilled workers and professionals over
the next 5 years
▪ Increase usage of ESSA systemand
targeted career awareness services as a
high value recruitment tool for MTM
▪ Increase capacity to develop skills for
~1,200 ratings and ~720 officers per
year
▪ Create and implement a public
procurement and localisation
programme
▪ Develop a strategic marketing
campaign and value proposition for
target markets
▪ Propose inclusion of preferential
procurement clause in the African
Maritime Charter
▪ Support local registry of vessels
through incentives and legislation of
using SA-flagged ships for cargo and
coastal operations (based on United
Nations Conference on Trade and
Development and African Maritime
Charter guidelines)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
A B C
i. TNPA – Transnet National Ports Authority
ii.ESSA – Employment Services of South Africa
iii.TVET – Technical and Vocational Education and Training
iv. RPL – Recognition of Prior Learning
v. CBMT – Competency-based Modular Training
These initiatives require capital investment
over the next 5 years and will provide supplier
development opportunities to maintain and refurbish
existing facilities.
2 5
7 8
Initiatives for Marine Transport and Manufacturing
Results Announcement 2016
Port of East London – Phakisa Projects
• Unlocking boat building in East London witha
focus on potential niche markets of tug boats
and navy vessels;
• The upgrade and refurbishment of the
existing drydock infrastructure is being
undertakenat the moment;
• Opportunity torefurbishthe existing slipway
facility;
• Investment andincentive combinationtothe
boat or ship building industry, linkedto
developmental commitments(e.g.
investment, jobcreation, skills development,
supplier development);
• Sites identified: Dry Dock, Slipway;
Requiredresources
• Investment:R 515m(estimated)
Results Announcement 2016
Results Announcement 2016
• The East London Grain Elevator Terminal (ELGE Terminal) is the largest grain elevator in
South Africa (it is serviced by two berths, with drafts of 10.0m and 10.1m). It is located
on the West Bank of the Port of East London, South Africa’s only river port situated at
the mouth of the Buffalo River in the Eastern Cape Province.
• The Port of East London has good road and rail connections with the hinterland (Free
State and Gauteng), particularly with markets to the west of Kroonstad and it is
therefore ideallylocated for:
 capturing maize exports originatingin areas to the West of Kroonstad
 capturing the wheat volumes of the Eastern Cape wheat importers
 acting as an overflow terminal for the Port of Durban during peak months and
 acting as a back-up agri-facility providing the country with sufficient capacity to
ensure food security, if required.
• The ELGE facility serves an important strategic objective in key areas such as food
security and transformation.
Grain Elevator
Results Announcement 2016
Grain Elevator: PSP
• This plan identifies key projects where
Transnet can partner with the private
sector to leverage key competencies
and competitive advantages to the
benefit of all stakeholders.
• Transnet’s Private Sector Participation
(PSP) Plan, identified within the
Transnet seven year Corporate Plan.
Results Announcement 2016
Request for Quotation : Opportunities in EC
Provision of Cleaning Services
Provision of Garden Services
Supply and delivery of Lubricants
Provision of Waste Management
services(National)
Supply and delivery of Protective Clothing
and Safety wear (National)
Provision o staff transportation services
Belt Splicing and Lagging Services
Provision of Canteen Services
Supply of bearing and plumber blocks
Provision of Corporate Uniform Clothing
(National)
Supply of conveyor belt idler
Effluent & water monitoring
Underground water monitoring
Maintenance Contract
Provision of Waste Management services(
National)
Crane Rigging services
Repairs & maintenance of Hydraulic Cylinders
Warehouse Management Services
Industrial Cleaning
Supply and Delivery of Speed bags samples
Supply & Delivery of Electrical Spares
Cleaning of offices & Ablutions Services
Supply and Delivery of Consumables
Air Quality monitoring
Supply and Delivery of General Hardware
Supply and Delivery Welding Spares
Provision of Supply and Delivery of PPE
Supply and delivery of Bulk Water
Supply and delivery of Hydraulics Pipes
Supply and Delivery of Injectors and Water
Pumps
Supply and delivery of Tyres
Repairs & maintenance of air Conditioners
Repair of Alternators and staters for Kalmar
Straddle Carriers
Supply and delivery Automotive Batteries
Provision of Canteen Services
Results Announcement 2016
• Construction – Civil work and Building
• Engineering – New equipment
• Engineering – Installation and upgrades
• Operations/maintenance – Equipment,
Labour,
Outsourced services,
Trucks with driver
Maintenance
• General – Transportation,
Training and Development,
Catering,
Clothing,
Cleaning
SHEQ
Painting
Communication
General consumables
Refreshments
• Competitive Supplier Development Programme,
Localisation and supplier development
• Installation of new cranes, Upgrade and refurbishment
of building, Plumbing, Stacking area repairs and painting
• Supply of electrical and mechanical spares, Supply of
steel and rigging services
• Casual, fixed contract and permanent labour,
• Stevedoring, Security, Repairs and Maintenance
• Transportation of agricultural products
• Staff transportation (home to work)
•
• Provision of functional training
• Canteen and catering services
• Uniform Clothing and Protective Clothing
• Cleaning of office, mess and ablution facility
• Gardening and housekeeping services
Areaand Service Required Opportunity
BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES IN THE EASTERN CAPE: NMET
Results Announcement 2016
Access to Procurement Opportunities
Transnet tenders are normally advertised in the following publications:
 National Treasury eTender
Publication Portal at
www.etenders.gov.za
 In accordance with National Treasury Instructions No: 1 of 2015/2016 Transnet must
advertise and publish all its bids on the eTender Publication Portal, this with effect
form the 1st May 2015.
 For those who do not have access to internet, bid documents can still be obtained at a
relevantTransnet office where the bid is advertised
 OD Websites (some ODs display their tenders- moving towards a single
Transnet tender website).
 CIDB website –for engineering & construction tenders.
 Tender notice boards at Transnet offices.
Results Announcement 2016
 Transnet has opened a HUB in Mdantsane
97 Dunga Street
Mdantsane
EasternCape
011 774 1965
076 730 4813
 All RFQ’s from R250k to R2m are also advertised on the TPT website for easy
access and to expand the opportunities to everyone
 Transnet is working closely with the local Chambers to create awareness of
business opportunities
Access to Procurement Opportunities
Results Announcement 2016
Contact Details for ProcurementEnquiries
Xolani Ngcivana: Regional Commodity Manager (EC)
Cell:083 452 2138
Saarah Popo: Regional ProcurementManager EC
Cell:083 287 4222
OlwethuMtshixa: Acting Sourcing Specialist(EL)
072 697 2743
MbuleloMfecane: CommercialSpecialist
078 190 4820
Thank You

Eastern Cape Maritime Summit Oct 2016

  • 1.
    Eastern Cape MaritimeSummit 28 October 2016
  • 2.
  • 3.
    Results Announcement 2016 Terminalsin the Eastern Cape EL PE NCT Draft 10.2m 11.7m 16m
  • 4.
    Results Announcement 2016 EastLondon Multi Purpose Terminal - Overview • The Port of East London is located on the eastern seaboard of South Africa. • The Port of East London is situated at the mouth of the BuffaloRiver. • The only commercial river port on the South African coast line. • Centrallylocatedboth nationallyand internationally,the port is strategicallypositioned to act as the gatewaybetween Africa and the global market. • Geographicalpositiongives its customers easy access to world markets. • The number of vessel callsper year in FY16 was 189 vessels (in FY15, 177 vessels) Commodities Handled Containers Automotive Break/Bulk Agri Bulk
  • 5.
    Results Announcement 2016 PortElizabeth Terminals - Overview • Geographically well-positioned, customer- centric, multi-cargo port that prides itself on flexibility and service excellence. • It is the gatewayfor expanding markets. • Being a congestion free port allows it to maintain high cargo handling rates, fast and efficient ship turnaround and unparalleled service levels. • The number of vessel calls per year in FY16 was 589 vessels (in FY15, 655 vessels) Commodities Handled Containers Automotive Break/Bulk Bulk
  • 6.
    Results Announcement 2016 NgquraContainer Terminal - Overview • The latest developmentin the South African stables of ports is the Port of Ngqura. • Deep-water port locatedon the east coast of South Africa. • The Port of Ngqura is a world class deep water transhipmenthub. • Offering an integrated,efficient and competitiveport service for containerson transit to global markets and within the Sub- SaharanAfrica region. • The number of vessel calls per year in FY16 was 454 vessels (in FY15, 488 vessels) Commodities Handled Containers
  • 7.
  • 8.
    Results Announcement 2016 PortSystem interaction & inter-dependencies • Most vessels calling SA carry cargo destined to more than one province. • Most of these vessels call at multiple ports. • Customers prefer contracting on guaranteed expected departure time within our network of ports. • Reliance on road and rail connectivity is of paramount importance. • Performance of these 2 landside transport modes affect the overall port performance. • The master plan for the development of South African ports sees a complementarysystem being developed that links ports to various rail corridors.
  • 9.
    Results Announcement 2016 Benefitsto be derived • NCT impact - Part of complimentary port system (niche market). • Job creation. • Increased socio economic activity. • Support SA as a link between SSA and BRICS countries. • Commitment to job creation, skills , enterprise & supplier development, etc. • Historical evidence of lowering cost of doing business.
  • 10.
    Results Announcement 2016 Currentinitiatives • Transhipment link between Port Elizabeth and East London. • Rail shuttle service between the Port of Port Elizabeth and the Ngqura Container Terminal. • Regionalised Support Services including procurement, Finance, Fleet Management, Information Systems,Risk Management. • Flexible labour resourcing models being adopted in an effort to develop staff and reduce the cost of doing business. • Flexible equipment resourcing with the transfer of equipment where it is needed.
  • 11.
    Results Announcement 2016 KeySuccesses • East London has achieved the highest monthly Automotive throughput of 13 000 units in September 2016. • Port Elizabeth prides itself on the skiptainer innovation and the growth in this market. • World class Manganese facility is being developed. • Ngqura Container terminal has world infrastructure and increased capacity.
  • 12.
    Results Announcement 2016 MajorRegional CAPEX to support the strategy NGQURA CONTAINER TERMINAL EXPANDED - R1bn in equipment, civil infrastructure and buildings - Additional permanent jobs were created (totalling 764 jobs) PORT ELIZABETH MANGANESE PROJECT - Investment of R27.7bn for Ngqura Manganese Export Terminal - Support emerging miners & support excess market demand - Investment of R428M for PE Plant refurbishment EL PSP GRAIN ELEVATOR PROJECT - RFI came back positive re PSP process - Both Downscaling & PSP are in the procurement phase
  • 13.
  • 14.
    Results Announcement 2016 •±13,000 total shipcalls at SA ports p.a. • Potential 2500-5500 ships p.a. for shiprepair • Global demand for dry docks toincrease at 13% p.a. from 2015 onwards • ±33% of bulk carriers, tankers andcontainer ships are dry-dockedp.a. Through OperationPhakisa, government aims toimplement priority programmes better, faster and more effectively the shiprepair market was identifiedas a key industry contributing tojob creation, transformation, skills development andinfrastructure investment SHIP REPAIR MARKET SIZE Port Nolloth Saldanha Bay Cape Town Mossel Bay Port Elizabeth Ngqura East London • The capital investment over the short to medium term will improve the safety, reliability and efficiency relating to the ship repair facilities STRATEGYPILLARS Ship repair facilities are located at 8 of the 9 commercial ports as on or more of the following: • Slipways • Synchrolifts • Dry docks • Floating docks Operation Phakisa: GDP contribution, job creation in Marine Transport and Manufacturing (MTM) Sector Durban Richards Bay
  • 15.
    Results Announcement 2016 Infrastructureand operations Skills and capacity building Market growth ▪ Create supportive funding and revenue model ▪ Establish purpose-built oil and gas port infrastructure by appointing Facility Operators – Saldanha Bay ▪ Align on Implementation of government policy ▪ Prioritise Transnet and TNPA funding allocation towards marine manufacturing ▪ Maintain and refurbish existing facilities ▪ Unlock investment in new and existing port facilities ▪ Implement Strategic Prioritised Project – Richards Bay ▪ Implement Strategic Prioritised Projects – East London ▪ Train 2,550 TVET College graduates on an 18-month Workplace-based Experiential Learner Programme in scarce and critical trades over the 5 year period ▪ Create dedicated Occupational Teams for MTM Sector (professional, trades, operators and seafarers) ▪ Establish trade RPL, CBMT or Centres of Specialisation in Saldanha Bay and Richards Bay ▪ Train 18,172 learners as artisans, semi- skilled workers and professionals over the next 5 years ▪ Increase usage of ESSA systemand targeted career awareness services as a high value recruitment tool for MTM ▪ Increase capacity to develop skills for ~1,200 ratings and ~720 officers per year ▪ Create and implement a public procurement and localisation programme ▪ Develop a strategic marketing campaign and value proposition for target markets ▪ Propose inclusion of preferential procurement clause in the African Maritime Charter ▪ Support local registry of vessels through incentives and legislation of using SA-flagged ships for cargo and coastal operations (based on United Nations Conference on Trade and Development and African Maritime Charter guidelines) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 A B C i. TNPA – Transnet National Ports Authority ii.ESSA – Employment Services of South Africa iii.TVET – Technical and Vocational Education and Training iv. RPL – Recognition of Prior Learning v. CBMT – Competency-based Modular Training These initiatives require capital investment over the next 5 years and will provide supplier development opportunities to maintain and refurbish existing facilities. 2 5 7 8 Initiatives for Marine Transport and Manufacturing
  • 16.
    Results Announcement 2016 Portof East London – Phakisa Projects • Unlocking boat building in East London witha focus on potential niche markets of tug boats and navy vessels; • The upgrade and refurbishment of the existing drydock infrastructure is being undertakenat the moment; • Opportunity torefurbishthe existing slipway facility; • Investment andincentive combinationtothe boat or ship building industry, linkedto developmental commitments(e.g. investment, jobcreation, skills development, supplier development); • Sites identified: Dry Dock, Slipway; Requiredresources • Investment:R 515m(estimated)
  • 17.
  • 18.
    Results Announcement 2016 •The East London Grain Elevator Terminal (ELGE Terminal) is the largest grain elevator in South Africa (it is serviced by two berths, with drafts of 10.0m and 10.1m). It is located on the West Bank of the Port of East London, South Africa’s only river port situated at the mouth of the Buffalo River in the Eastern Cape Province. • The Port of East London has good road and rail connections with the hinterland (Free State and Gauteng), particularly with markets to the west of Kroonstad and it is therefore ideallylocated for:  capturing maize exports originatingin areas to the West of Kroonstad  capturing the wheat volumes of the Eastern Cape wheat importers  acting as an overflow terminal for the Port of Durban during peak months and  acting as a back-up agri-facility providing the country with sufficient capacity to ensure food security, if required. • The ELGE facility serves an important strategic objective in key areas such as food security and transformation. Grain Elevator
  • 19.
    Results Announcement 2016 GrainElevator: PSP • This plan identifies key projects where Transnet can partner with the private sector to leverage key competencies and competitive advantages to the benefit of all stakeholders. • Transnet’s Private Sector Participation (PSP) Plan, identified within the Transnet seven year Corporate Plan.
  • 20.
    Results Announcement 2016 Requestfor Quotation : Opportunities in EC Provision of Cleaning Services Provision of Garden Services Supply and delivery of Lubricants Provision of Waste Management services(National) Supply and delivery of Protective Clothing and Safety wear (National) Provision o staff transportation services Belt Splicing and Lagging Services Provision of Canteen Services Supply of bearing and plumber blocks Provision of Corporate Uniform Clothing (National) Supply of conveyor belt idler Effluent & water monitoring Underground water monitoring Maintenance Contract Provision of Waste Management services( National) Crane Rigging services Repairs & maintenance of Hydraulic Cylinders Warehouse Management Services Industrial Cleaning Supply and Delivery of Speed bags samples Supply & Delivery of Electrical Spares Cleaning of offices & Ablutions Services Supply and Delivery of Consumables Air Quality monitoring Supply and Delivery of General Hardware Supply and Delivery Welding Spares Provision of Supply and Delivery of PPE Supply and delivery of Bulk Water Supply and delivery of Hydraulics Pipes Supply and Delivery of Injectors and Water Pumps Supply and delivery of Tyres Repairs & maintenance of air Conditioners Repair of Alternators and staters for Kalmar Straddle Carriers Supply and delivery Automotive Batteries Provision of Canteen Services
  • 21.
    Results Announcement 2016 •Construction – Civil work and Building • Engineering – New equipment • Engineering – Installation and upgrades • Operations/maintenance – Equipment, Labour, Outsourced services, Trucks with driver Maintenance • General – Transportation, Training and Development, Catering, Clothing, Cleaning SHEQ Painting Communication General consumables Refreshments • Competitive Supplier Development Programme, Localisation and supplier development • Installation of new cranes, Upgrade and refurbishment of building, Plumbing, Stacking area repairs and painting • Supply of electrical and mechanical spares, Supply of steel and rigging services • Casual, fixed contract and permanent labour, • Stevedoring, Security, Repairs and Maintenance • Transportation of agricultural products • Staff transportation (home to work) • • Provision of functional training • Canteen and catering services • Uniform Clothing and Protective Clothing • Cleaning of office, mess and ablution facility • Gardening and housekeeping services Areaand Service Required Opportunity BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES IN THE EASTERN CAPE: NMET
  • 22.
    Results Announcement 2016 Accessto Procurement Opportunities Transnet tenders are normally advertised in the following publications:  National Treasury eTender Publication Portal at www.etenders.gov.za  In accordance with National Treasury Instructions No: 1 of 2015/2016 Transnet must advertise and publish all its bids on the eTender Publication Portal, this with effect form the 1st May 2015.  For those who do not have access to internet, bid documents can still be obtained at a relevantTransnet office where the bid is advertised  OD Websites (some ODs display their tenders- moving towards a single Transnet tender website).  CIDB website –for engineering & construction tenders.  Tender notice boards at Transnet offices.
  • 23.
    Results Announcement 2016 Transnet has opened a HUB in Mdantsane 97 Dunga Street Mdantsane EasternCape 011 774 1965 076 730 4813  All RFQ’s from R250k to R2m are also advertised on the TPT website for easy access and to expand the opportunities to everyone  Transnet is working closely with the local Chambers to create awareness of business opportunities Access to Procurement Opportunities
  • 24.
    Results Announcement 2016 ContactDetails for ProcurementEnquiries Xolani Ngcivana: Regional Commodity Manager (EC) Cell:083 452 2138 Saarah Popo: Regional ProcurementManager EC Cell:083 287 4222 OlwethuMtshixa: Acting Sourcing Specialist(EL) 072 697 2743 MbuleloMfecane: CommercialSpecialist 078 190 4820
  • 25.