E-nursing involves the use of information and communication technologies to enhance nursing practice and improve patient outcomes. It allows nurses to access online resources, interact digitally with peers, and participate in telehealth initiatives. The goal of e-nursing is to help nurses benefit from technological advancements. It has the potential to improve decision-making, support evidence-based practice, and guide development of electronic health records. While e-nursing provides advantages, its implementation requires strategies to increase nurse competency and support within healthcare organizations.

1. E – NURSING, TELE MEDICINE AND TELE NURSING

2. E-NURSING

3. E – NURSINGNurses all around the world have risen to the challenge of new technology. Today, the nurses work in a variety of E-Health programs such as tele-triage. They access online libraries and databases of clinical practice guidelines from computers in their work places. Nurse in specialized areas of practice now interact with their peers in discussion groups over the internet. Nurses are also involved in standards development for the implementation of electronic health records and many nursing educational programs are now offered online.

4. GOAL OF E-NURSINGTo enhance nurses to benefit from all developments in information, communication and technology, to improve nursing and client outcomes.

5. TYPES OF E – NURSINGSmarter Decision Making:ICT initiatives such as electronic health records, telehealth, databases, e-mail and internet resources enhance the decision-making process. They give nurses access to timely, evidence-based and expert information, enabling them to make swifter, better-informed judgments on behalf of their patients. The result is safer patient care and better health outcomes.

6. CONT……..E – Nursing work outs: Nurses reap the full benefits of technology into their daily practice. Health care organizations are beginning to acknowledge the necessity of providing nurses with access to information, communication and technology that supports nursing care, yet the implementation of such tools needs to be accelerated.

7. PURPOSE OF E – NURSING To guide the development of ICT initiatives in nursing so that nursing practice and client outcomes are improved.

8. IMPORTANCE OF E – NURSINGIt has got the tremendous potential to improve the practice of nursing, if applied in appropriate and useful ways.

9. METHODS E-learning methods may include the followingComputer-based trainingWeb-based lectures and presentationsVirtual classrooms in which learners are logged on to an online classroom environment at different times (asynchronous) or at the same time (synchronous) as the learning activities are happening.

10. E – NURSING STRATEGY FOR PROFESSIONNurses In Clinical PracticeParticipate in ICT initiatives, identify needs and evaluate possible solutions.

11. Increase competence in use of ICT.

12. Access multiple source of information for evidence-based practice. Employers and AdministratorsRecognize ICT as a tool of professional nursing practice.

13. Support involvement of nurses in ICT initiatives.

14. Encourage adoption of ICT that supports nursing practice.CONT……Educators and ResearchersIncorporate ICT competencies into curriculum.

15. Develop research programs to optimize nurses’ use of ICT.Nursing OrganizationsProvide leadership for nurses’ involvement in ICT.

16. Recognize ICT competencies as part of entry-level and continuing competence requirements.BENEFICIARIES OF E – NURSINGIndividual nursesTheir clientsEmployersNursing professionalRegulatory organizationThe profession as a whole both nationally and internationally.

17. ADVANTAGES OF E – NURSINGIntegration of information, communication and technology.Improved information and knowledge in the nursing practice.Human resource planning will be facilitated.New models of nursing practice and health services delivery will be supported.Nursing group will be well connected.Improves the quality of nursing work environments.Contribution to the global community of nursing.

18. DISADVANTAGESHigh expenseDecreases manual contributionIncreases dependence on ICTMisuse of the technology provided

19. TELEMEDICINE

20. DEFINITIONAccording to World Health Organization, telemedicine is defined as, “The delivery of healthcare services, where distance is a critical factor, by all health care professionals using information and communication technologies for the exchange of valid information for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of disease and injuries, research and evaluation, and for continuing education of healthcare providers, all in the interests of advancing the health of individuals and their communities”.

21. CONT…….Telemedicine is defined as any health care provided to patients via technology across a distance. (Remmes, Thomson and Williams; 1996).

22. TYPES OF TELEMEDICINE Telemedicine can be broken into three main categoriesStore- and- forward (asynchronous)Remote monitoring Interactive services (synchronous)

23. 1. STORE- AND- FORWARDInvolves acquiring medical data (medical images, biosignals) and then transmitting this data to the doctor or medical specialist at a convenient time for assessment offline.It does not require both the parties at the same time.Medical specialties like dermatology, pathology etc is conducive to this kind.Most beneficial for population living in isolated communities and remote regions.

24. 2. REMOTE MONITORINGRemote monitoring also known as self- monitoring/ testing.It enables medical professionals to monitor a patient remotely using various technological devices. It manages chronic diseases or specific conditions, such as heart disease, diabetes mellitus or asthma.It gives greater satisfaction to patients.It is cost-effective.

25. INTERACTIVE SERVICESInteractive telemedicine services provide real-time interactions between patient and provider.It includes phone conversations, online communication and home visits.Many activities such as history review, physical examination, psychiatric evaluations and ophthalmology assessments can be conducted comparably to those done in traditional face-to-face visits.In “clinician-interactive” telemedicine services may be less costly than in-person clinical visits.

26. USES OF TELEMEDICINETelemedicine is most beneficial for populations living in isolated communities and remote regions and is currently being applied in virtually all medical domains. Specialties that use telemedicine often use a “tele” prefix; for example, telemedicine as applied by radiologists is called Teleradiology. Similarly telemedicine as applied by cardiologists is termed as telecardiology etc.Telemedicine is also useful as a communication tool between a general practitioner and a specialist available at a remote location.

27. CONT…….The first interactive telemedicine system, operating over standard telephone lines, for remotely diagnosing and treating patients requiring cardiac resuscitation (defibrillation) was developed and marketed by Med Phone Corporation in 1989 in the U.S served as receiving and treatment centers.Monitoring a patient at home using known devices like blood pressure monitors and transferring the information to a caregiver is a fast growing emerging service. These remote monitoring solutions have a focus on current high morbidity chronic diseases and are mainly deployed for the First World, Glucometer.

28. ADVANTAGES OF TELEMEDICINEFor the patientsPeople at remote areas get top class medical facility from reputed hospitals.

29. Reduces travel cost and save time for the rural patients.

30. Reduces lot of inconvenience for the rural patients.CONT……For the hospitalsHospitals can spread their reach in remote villages and serve people without much investment on the infrastructure.

31. The hospitals get revenue from the reference made from the remote locations.

32. After care or post operated care patients need not come to the main hospital for minor consultation.

33. Primary diagnosis can be done with the use of telemedicine and patient can come to the main hospital for major surgery.

34. Hospitals can have CME programmes with other hospitals and medical colleges.CONT……Hospital can run training programme from their hospitals to doctors of other hospitals.

35. A rare operation or a diagnosis can be broadcast to other hospitals.

36. Doctors can learn new techniques by connecting to foreign hospitals. Overseas consultation and second opinion can be got.

37. Job interviews can be conducted.

38. Live images like ECG, USG, CT scan, Echo, X-rays and any video output from medical instruments can be transmitted.

39. Screen captures software- use of graphic image.

40. Clip art – commonly used in library as graphical image such as computer, flowers, building, a nurse etc. OthersAnimation

41. Audio, recording

42. Video

43. Multimedia application- conferencing, video games.

44. Advertisement

45. Practicum – invitation preparation, collect data and display in graphic form.APPLICATIONTele-health care: It is the use of information and communication technology for prevention, promotion and to provide health care facilities across distance. It can be divided in the following activitiesTeleconsultationTelefollow-upTele-education: Tele-education should be understood as the development of the process of distance education (regulated or unregulated), based on the use of information and telecommunication technologies, that make interactive, flexible and accessible learning possible for any potential recipient.

46. CONT……Disaster Management: Telemedicine can play an important role to provide health care facilities to the victims of natural disasters such as earthquake, tsunami, tornado, etc and man-made disaster such as war, riots etc. During disaster, most of the terrestrial communication links either do not work properly or get damaged so a mobile and portable telemedicine system with satellite connectivity and customized telemedicine software is ideal for disaster relief.