Telemedicine uses telecommunications and digital information technologies to provide remote clinical healthcare services. It began in the late 19th century with the development of telecommunications like the telegraph. Today, most people have access to basic telemedicine devices like mobile phones and computers. Telemedicine applications include remote chronic disease management, preventative care support, and post-hospitalization care. It offers benefits like increased access to care and cost savings but also faces challenges like licensing issues and technological restrictions.

1. Telemedicine

2. Introduction
•The term telemedicine has been
derived from the Greek word tele
meaning at a distance and medicine
which is from the Latin word
Madera meaning healing.

3. History

4. The history of telemedicine will unveil how we got to
where we are today.
• Telemedicine in the 19th Century:-
• The creation of telemedicine began with the inception of
the telecommunications infrastructure, which
included the telegraph, telephone, and radio.

5. • Telemedicine in the 20th Century:-
In 1922, Dr. Hugo Gernsback featured the tele dactyl in a science
magazine. Greenback predicted that this sensory feedback device
would permit physicians to see their patients through a television
screen and touch them from miles away with robot arms.
• Telemedicine Today:-
Today, most people have access to basic telemedicine devices like
mobile phones and computers. With improved accessibility,
individuals in rural areas and busy urban areas can connect with a
provider with ease.

6. Modern telemedicine:-
•The modern day telemedicine uses existing
computing devices belonging to the patient or
physician and inexpensive, self-owned
equipment like smartphone cameras, wearable
biosensors, etc., for gathering clinical data
which made it easier to use without special
training

7. Terminology:-

8. Telemedicine:-
•The most important term to clarify is
‘telemedicine’ itself. Telemedicine is
the use of telecommunications
technology and information
technology for clinical services.

9. •Telehealth:-
•The second most important term is ‘telehealth’. This
term is frequently used interchangeably with
telemedicine, but their meanings are slightly
different. While telemedicine focuses on clinical
services, telehealth focuses on all health services.
An example would be a video-conference platform
for nurse education.

10. •Digital Medical Devices:-
•Items that would be considered digital medical
devices include blood pressure cuffs, glucometers,
pulse oximeters, and more.
•Electronic Medical Record (EMR):-
•EMR’s allow healthcare organizations to store,
retrieve, and modify patient records.

11. Electronic Health Record (EHR):-
•EHRs commonly contain billing information, vital signs,
medical history, and more.
Encryption:-
•Encryption is a term often used when discussing the sharing
and security of patient information. It is a system of encoding
electronic data where the information can only be decoded by
those given computerized access.

12. • HIPAA:-
• HIPAA is an acronym for Health Information Portability
and Accountability Act. It is mostly known for providing
standards and requirements regarding how confidential
patient information is protected and handled.
•Video Conferencing:-
• The transmission of digital video images in real-time
between multiple locations.

13. DEFINITION:-
•The World Health Organization (WHO) refers to
telemedicine as “healing from a distance“. It is the use of
telecommunications technology and information
technologies to provide remote clinical services to
patients. Physicians use telemedicine for the transmission
of digital imaging, video consultations, and remote
medical diagnosis.

14. Current scenario in India:-
WHO recommends a doctor-population ratio of 1:1000
while the current doctor population ratio in India is only
0.62:1000. Training of new physicians is time consuming
and expensive, hence the doctor to patient ratio can be
expected to remain low for a long time to come. This
deficit is partly being made up by the active telemedicine
services in various parts of the country.

15. Service provide by telemedicine:-
Cardiology .Surgery
 Dermatology
 Psychiatry
 Oncology
 Home care
 Radiology
 Emergency care

16. Top Telemedicine Medical Specialities:-

17. Process
•There are also some telemedicine is conducted
with portable telemedicine kits that include a
computer and mobile medical devices, such as
ECGs or vital signs monitors. High resolution
digital cameras are also available for physicians
to send detailed medical images to specialists.

18. Telemedicine vs Telehealth:-
• The term telehealth includes a broad range of technologies and
services to provide patient care and improve the healthcare delivery
system as a whole. Telehealth is different from telemedicine because
it refers to a broader scope of remote healthcare services than
telemedicine. While telemedicine refers specifically to remote
clinical services, telehealth can refer to remote non-clinical services,
such as provider training, administrative meetings, and continuing
medical education, in addition to clinical services. According to the
World Health Organization, telehealth includes, “Surveillance, health
promotion and public health functions.”

19. Applications of telemedicine:-
There are few limitations to how telemedicine can be applied. Here are a few
examples of how it is being used today.
• Follow-up visits:-
• Using health software for routine follow-up visits is not only more efficient
for providers and patients, but it also increases the likelihood of follow-up,
reducing missed appointments and improving patient outcomes.

20. Remote chronic disease management:-
The increasing rate of chronic diseases is a major
challenge for our health system. It is a prime
candidate for the use of telemedicine software
because it makes it easier and less expensive for
patients to maintain control over their health.

21. Remote post-hospitalization care:-
One telehealth program for patients
with congestive heart failure reduced
30-day hospital readmissions by 73
percent and six-month readmissions by
50 percent.

22. Preventative care support:-
•Weight loss and smoking cessation are the keys to
reducing heart disease and a host of other
conditions. Telemedicine can be a valuable tool in
connecting providers with patients to make sure
they get the support they need to be successful.

23. Types of Telemedicine:-
Telemedicine is practiced on the basis of three
concepts:
 Real Time (synchronous)
 Store-and-forward (asynchronous)
 Remote Monitoring

24. Benefits of telemedicine:-
•Increase Revenue:-
•See More Patients:-
•Convenience:-
•Cost Saving:-
•Get a quick 2nd opinion:-
•Patients love it:-

25. Disadvantages of telemedicine:-
•1. Requires additional training
•2. Reduce care continuity
•3. Licensing issues
•4. Technological restrictions

26. Telemedicine applied to medical practice results in:-
 Minimal patient displacement for quality treatment.
 Decrease in the relocation of medical specialists to the patient.
 Cost effective method of health care delivery.
 More efficient and effective use of medical and technological
resources.

27. Four steps guide before starting telemedicine:-
• Understand the Basics:-
• Before setting up a telemedicine practice, an organizations administration and
providers should know how laws differ when using telemedicine solutions
• Deciding On Telemedicine Solutions:-
• After laying out the basics, an organization should decide what type of
telemedicine solutions to offer. A telemedicine expert like V See offers a text
and video collaboration app, a Virtual waiting room, and more.

28. . The Equipment:-
V See urges organizations to try and so physicians can get
a feel for sharing medical documents and streaming digital
device images.
•Understand Regulations and Reimbursements:-
Policies and regulations in the telemedicine arena can be
confusing for providers, vendors, and payers.
Organizations interested in implementing telemedicine
should be familiar in their state.

29. Barriers of Telemedicine:-
•Provider Reimbursement:-
If private payers, Medicaid, and Medicare choose
not to reimburse organizations for telemedicine,
then the fee falls on the hospitals. Some hospitals
are able to receive grants, but there are only so
many that can go around.

30. • Physician Licensing:-
•Although telemedicine itself permits physicians to treat
patients nationwide, there are restrictions on who can provide
services across state lines. States with large rural areas with
limited access to care could greatly benefit from this, but
varying state regulations make the process challenging.
• Security Concerns:-
• Providers and patients alike have concerns with telemedicine
due to the mass amount of sensitive information in the
healthcare world.

31. Role of nurse
•Nurses work in different roles in telemedicine.
They might use telemedicine to interact virtually
with the physician while caring for a patient in the
community. This can permit information sharing
from the patient's home and result in earlier
notification of pertinent issues.

32. •Patient consultations can also be initiated
through teleconferencing within an office or
telehealth facility with the nurse's assistance.
The nurse monitors the equipment and the
patient while checking vital signs and
performing other tests. The information is then
sent for physician review. This can enable
early detection, early initiation of treatment
and improved patient care.