E-governance, introduced in the early 1990s, utilizes information and communication technology to enhance government services and promote transparency in India. It encompasses various interactions including government-to-citizen and government-to-business, with objectives to improve service delivery and citizen engagement. While e-governance projects like Bhoomi in Karnataka and Gyandoot in Madhya Pradesh have showcased successful implementations, challenges such as technological accessibility, infrastructure, and local customization persist.

1. E-Governance
Dr. Kamal Gulati

5. Introduction
• The availability of affordable networked hard-
and software by the early 1990s made it
possible for these computers to become
connected to a global information infrastructure
most commonly referred to as the ‘‘Internet.’’
• Combined with drastically reduced
telecommunication costs, these developments
have provided the foundation for delivering
public services electronically. Termed as
‘‘electronic government,’’ is more than just a
government website on the Internet.

7. • Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam, has visualized e-
Governance in the Indian context to mean:
“A transparent smart e-Governance with
seamless access, secure and authentic flow of
information crossing the interdepartmental
barrier and providing a fair and unbiased
service to the citizen.”

8. • e-Governance is generally understood as the use of
Information and communications Technology (IcT) at
all levels of the Government in order to provide
services to the citizens, interaction with business
enterprises and communication and exchange of
information between diferent agencies of the
Government in a speedy, convenient efcient and
transparent manner.

9. Entities in Governance

10. E-Governance Model
• The three main target groups that can be
distinguished in e-governance concepts are
government, citizens and businesses.

11. Types of Interactions in e-Governance
• G2G (Government to Government)
• G2C (Government to Citizens)
• G2B (Government to Business)
• G2E (Government to Employees)

12. • E-democracy refers to the processes and
structures that encompass all forms of
electronic interaction between Government
(elected) and the Citizen (electorate).
• E-government is a form of e-business in
governance and refers to the processes and
structures applicable to delivery of electronic
services to the public (citizens and
businesses), collaborating with business
partners and conducting electronic
transactions within an organisational entity.

13. • E-governance is the use of a range of modern
Information and Communication Technologies
such as Internet, Local Area Networks, mobiles
etc. by Government to improve the effectiveness,
efficiency, service delivery and to promote
democracy.
• "The enhanced value for stakeholders through
transformation" Conventional delivery systems
will continue to be important given the restricted
coverage though internet, limited spread of
education, lack of infrastructure like power etc.

14. E-governance can also be defined as
“The application of electronic means in:
1. The interaction between government and
citizens and government and businesses, as
well as in
2. internal government operations to simplify
and improve democratic, government and
business aspects of Governance.

15. Objectives of e –governance
• Creating a better business environment.
• Customers online, not in line.
• Strengthening good governance and broadening
public participation.
• Improving the productivity and efficiency of
government agencies.
• Improving the quality of life for disadvantaged
communities. : Society—Government, Citizens
and Business—in order to stimulate political,
social and economic progress in the country

16. Stages of E- Governance
• Stage I – WEB PRESENCE: RTI Act, 2005
• Stage II – INTERACTIVE PRESENCE: property
tax, land registration, property titles and
programmes like ‘bhoomi’ are now being
replicated at the national level. E kiosks, e-
seva kendras etc, Post Offices, call centres,
cooperative centres etc. – are now well tested
in states like Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka,
Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Gujarat, UP etc.

17. • Stage III – TRANSACTIONAL PRESENCE:
Completion of transactions on the internet
and access to internet.
• Stage IV – NETWORKED PRESENCE AND E-
PARTICIPATION: The Sixth Central Pay
Commission’s use of the online portal for
inviting feedback and consultation on various
relevant aspects through the questionnaire
and processing of the same electronically is an
instance of the same.

18. E-GOVERNANCE PROJECTS
Some major and successful G2C Projects:
o Bhoomi Project in Karnat
o Gyandoot
o Lokvani
o Project Friends
o e-Mitra
o e-Seva

19. Bhoomi Project in Karnataka : Online
Delivery of Land Records
• Bhoomi is a self-sustainable e-Governance
project for the computerized delivery of 20
million rural land records to 6.7 million
farmers through 177 Government-owned
kiosks in the State of Karnataka.

20. Gyandoot (Madhya Pradesh)
• Gyandoot is an Intranet-based Government to
citizen (G2C) service delivery initiative.
• The services offered through the Gyandoot
network include.

21. 1. Daily agricultural commodity rates (mandi
bhav)
2. Income certificate
3. Domicile certificate
4. Caste certificate
5. Public grievance redressal
6. Rural Hindi email
7. Family list
8. Rural Hindi newspaper.

22. Lokvani Project in Uttar Pradesh
• Lokvani is a public-private partnership project
at Sitapur District in Uttar Pradesh which was
initiated in November, 2004.
• Its objective is to provide a single window,
self sustainable e-Governance solution with
regard to handling of grievances, land record
maintenance and providing a mixture of
essential services.

23. The services offered by Lokvani are:
1. Availability of land records (khataunis) on the internet
2. Online registration, disposal and monitoring of public grievances
3. Information of various Government schemes
4. Online availability of prescribed Government forms
5. Online status of Arms License applications
6. GPF Account details of basic Education teachers
7. Details of work done under MPLAD/Vidhayak Nidhi
8. Details of allotment of funds to Gram Sabhas under different
development schemes
9. Details of allotment of food grains to Kotedars (fair price shops)
10. Other useful information of public interest.

24. Project FRIENDS in Kerala
• FRIENDS (Fast, Reliable, Instant, Efficient
Network for the Disbursement of Services)
• The services are provided through FRIENDS
Janasevana Kendrams located in the district
headquarters.

25. e-Mitra Project in Rajasthan
• This e-Governance initiative builds upon the
experiences gained through the LokMitra and
JanMitra pilot projects launched in 2002.

26. eSeva (Andhra Pradesh)
• This project is designed to provide ‘Government
to Citizen’ and ‘e-business to services.
• Originally, it was implemented in the form of
the TWINS (Twin cities Integrated Network
Services) project in 1999 in the twin cities of
Hyderabad and Secunderabad. The highlight of
the eSeva project is that all the services are
delivered online to consumers /citizens by
connecting them to the respective government
departments and providing online information at
the point of service delivery.

27. • eSeva is providing ‘One-stop-shop’ for over 66
G2C and B2C services in 46 eSeva centres in
the twin cities and Ranga Reddy district.
centres have also been opened in 20 other
districts.
• The services include online payment of utility
bills, issuing certificates, issuing licenses &
permits, e-forms etc. Payments can be made
by cash/cheque/DD/credit card/Internet.
• The project has become very popular among
the citizens especially for payment of utility
bills.

28. e-Governance Challenges
• E-Governance is not technology but change
management.
• Change management is important not only in
terms of cultural change but also in terms of
changing operations and processes workflow
that the automated environment will
introduce.

29. The key challenges with electronic governance
are not technology or internet issues but
organizational issues like
• Redefining rules and procedures
• Information transparency
• Legal issues
• Infrastructure, Skill and awareness
• Access to right information
• Interdepartmental collaboration
• Tendency to resist the change in work culture

30. Other obstacles are
• geographical distances
• lack of trained human resources
• lack of ICT penetration in remote areas. (For instance, a
good e-governance application will not benefit anybody in
remote areas if there is no supporting infrastructure such
as electricity, computers and connectivity)

31. The other set of challenges lie in extending the reach of
e-Governance services to 70% of
Indian population that lives in villages. These include:
• Assessment of local needs and customizing e-
Governance solutions to meet those needs
• Connectivity
• Content (local content based on local language)
• Building Human Capacities
• e-Commerce
• Sustainability

32. e-Governance Challenges Specific to
India
• Lack of Integrated Services: State or Central Government.
• Lack of Communication between different Departments
• Lack of Key Persons
• Population
• Different Languages
• Other Factors:-
o 10% Technology
o 60% Process
o 20% Change Management
o Rest is luck

33. Components of E-governance
• Technological Component with Electronic
dimension.
• Social Component with classless dimension.
• Cultural Component with Ethical dimension.
• Political Component with performance
dimension.
• Psychological Component with Extensional
dimension.
• Service Component with Empowerment
dimension

35. Technological Component
• (a) in developing the data-base,
• (b) in networking to facilitate the
communication,
• (c) in creating e- knowledge workers so as to
increase their potentiality. This focuses on “e”
of electronic knowledge and its proper
utilization.

38. Social Component
• The fundamental duty of any government is to
educe a society which is based on the
principles of equality and justice.

39. Cultural Component
• to work out the ethical framework is the key
to move further by discarding obsolete set of
values that come in the way of potential
utilization. Thus “e” of ethical framework has
to be the focal point in constructing a
morality-based system.

40. Political Component
• The political system is essential aspect of
governance. It holds responsibility of
rationalizing various operative frameworks by
enacting laws. This helps to maintain & sustain
the cohesive force that is required by society
to integrate its people and abide them to
follow a uniform policy to fulfill their targets.

41. Psychological Component
• Developing required psyche so as to facilitate
formation and inculcation of right type of
attitudes in the people is prerequisite for
efficiency. Apart form this; readiness to
connect to people, to listen to their queries, to
look for solutions, to improve communicative
skills etc. will be necessary elements for
behavioral modifications.

42. Service Component
• The ultimate function of any welfare
government is to serve. As a provider of good
services to its people it has to assimilate the
basic needs and also expectations of common
man in to the documentation of policy, which
then has to be implemented in the right spirit.

43. Some Website of E-Governance
• http://india.gov.in
• http://deity.gov.in
• http://Egovernance.gov.in
• https://egovstandards.gov.in
• http://negp.gov.in
• http://nceg.gov.in/

44. Dr. Kamal Gulati
Associate Professor |
University Quality Support Head |
Mentoring Programme Coordinator
[Ph. D., M.Sc. (Computer Science), M.C.A., M.B.A]
Professional Certifications:
• Certified Microsoft Innovative Educator
• Data Science 101 Certification from Big Data University
• R Language 101 Certification from Big Data University
• SQL Certification from SOLOLEARN.com
• Certified IBM Big Data 101 from Big Data University
• R Program & Python Certified from DataCamp
• Wiley Certified Big Data Analyst [WCBDA]
• Certification on DBMS from IIT Mumbai
• Certified Cisco Certified Network Associate [CCNA]
• Certified Microsoft Certified Professional [MCP]
• Certified Brainbench in Computer Fundamentals, Microsoft Access, MySQL 5.7 Administration &
Microsoft Project

45. • Worked as Visiting Professor with Stratford University, USA for six months from
Jan’2016 to June’2016.
• Also worked at Bahrain University in Kingdom of Bahrain Sr. I.T. Faculty (Computer
Science Department) for Period of 2 Years.
• Have rich experience in the field of teaching and research in Computer Science and
Information Technology for almost 15+ years in Academia.
• Having experience of working with both private and public institutions and universities
as the lecturer and self-instruction material writer for Information Technology courses.
• Had number of research papers published in national and international journals and
conference proceedings in IEEE and Scopus Index.
• Also chaired various National and International Conferences of repute and associated
with various International Journals as Editorial Board Member for International and
National, Academic Adviser and Research Paper Reviewer.
• My current area of interest: Big Data Analytics, R Software, Management Information
System, IT Project Management, Decision Support System, Business Analytics,
Database Management System, Data Networking and Advanced Excel with Visual Basic
Macros.
• Country Visited: USA, Canada, UK, UAE, Bahrain, Oman (Mostly for Teaching and
Research Purpose)
Profile of Dr. Kamal Gulati

46. • Technical Program Committee for International Conference on Data, Engineering and Applications
2017 (IDEA-2k17) which would be on October 28-29, 2017 at Bhopal. http://www.ideaconference.in
• Advisory Board Committee Member for International Conference on Energy, Communication, Data
Analytics and Soft Computing (ICECDS) which would be on 1-2 August 2017 at SKR Engineering
College, Poonamallee, Tamil Nadu, India. http://ecds.org.in
• Advisory Committee Member for International Conference on Innovative Research in Engineering
and Science which would be on 16-17 June 2017 at Asian Institute of Technology Conference Center
Thailand. http://www.iresconf.org
• Advisory Committee Member for International Conference on Cloud Computing and Internet of
everything which held on 10-11 Feb’2016 at Delhi-NCR. http://www.ccioet.org
• Technical Committee member for InCITe-2016 (International Conference on Information Technology)
Theme - Internet of Things: Connect Your Worlds, IT Summit, Amity University 2016 which held on
06-07 Oct, 2016. http://www.amity.edu/incite2016
• Technical Speaker for Global perspective on IT business “The Changing Scenario” – Big Data on
International Students Conference New Delhi (ISCND) which held on 14-15 Oct, 2016
http://iscnd.com
• Advisory Committee Member for International Conference on Sustainable Computing Techniques in
Engineering, Science and Management which has held on 09-10 Sep’2016 at Delhi-NCR.
http://www.scesm.org
• Technical Program Committee Member for Program Committee Member for International
Conference on Recent Trends IN ICT, Jaipur, India, Aug 18-19, 2017 http://rtict.org
• Program Committee Member for International Conference on Recent Advancement in Computer and
Communication Bhopal, India, (IC-RAC-2017) May 26-27, 2017 http://www.icrac.co.in
Profile Contd….

47. • Editorial Board member for the following International Journals:
– International Journal of Computer Science and Innovation
http://www.infinitysciences.org
– International Journal of Latest Research in Engineering and
Technology http://www.ijlret.com
– International Journal of Latest Trends in Engineering and Technology
http://www.ijltet.org
– International Journal of Application or Innovation
in Engineering & Management http://www.ijaiem.org
– International Journal for Management http://www.ijm-apm.com
– ITM International Journal of Innovations in Science, Engineering &
Management www.iijisem.org
– The International Journal of Emerging Engineering and Embedded
Systems http://www.ijeees.org
– Conference Info http://conferenceinfo.org/tpc.php
– International Journal of Computer Engineering in Research Trends
(IJCERT) http://www.ijcert.org
• Expert Speaker for Program “Insurance Beyond Doubt” Presented by Oriental Insurance Co Ltd.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GrvJkN_Zn3Q
Profile Contd….

48. BOOK, CHAPTER, and CASE STUDY Published
• Published Book on “A Study of Changing Trends in E-CRM of
Indian Insurance Industry” Published by LAP Lambert
Academic Publishing, one of the top researchers and
renowned scientists of Germany with ISBN: 3330009543,
9783330009547. The Book available at Amazon.com.
• Published Real Case Study on “IoT Security Considerations for
Higher Education” published on Business Cases - RENVOI 2017
BOOK (The Case Centre, UK) with ISBN: 978-1-4828-8840-9,
Page 63-70. The Book available at the various online website:
Amazon, AbeBooks, Chegg, Barnes & Noble.
• Published Chapter on "Role of eWorld in Insurance Innovation"
Published by Insurance Institute of India (III), 60 Years
Diamond Jubilee, Compendium, Nov 2016 – (Magazine) – One
of the premium Insurance Institute of India.

49. Contact Details
• Email : drkamalgulati@gmail.com
• Website : http://mybigdataanalytics.in
• LinkedIn : https://in.linkedin.com/in/drkamalgulati