Drug abuse refers to using drugs in a way that deviates from approved medical use, while drug addiction involves compulsive drug use that takes priority over other activities. Commonly abused drugs include depressants like alcohol and barbiturates, stimulants like cocaine and amphetamines, hallucinogens like LSD, marijuana, inhalants, and steroids. Cocaine works by blocking the reuptake of dopamine and other neurotransmitters, while morphine acts on opioid receptors to inhibit adenylate cyclase and produce sedation. Counseling patients and encouraging lifestyle changes can help those struggling with drug abuse and addiction.

1. DRUG ABUSE
Prathyusha
Pharm-D 2nd year

2. Drug abuse
It refers to use of a drug by self medication in a manner
and amount that deviates from the approved medical
and social patterns in a given culture at a given time.
The term conveys social disapproval of the manner and
purpose of drug use.for regulatory agencies,drug abuse
refers to any use of an ilicit drug

3. Drug addiction
 It is a pattern of compulsive drug use
characterized by overwhelming involvement.
 With the use of a drug.procuring the drug and
using it takes precedence over other activities.
 Even after withdrawal most addicts tends to
relapse.
Ex:Amphetamines,cocaine…

4. Drug habituation
 It denotes less intensive involvement with
the drug , so that its withdrawal produces
only mild discomfort.
 Consumption of tea,coffee,tobacco.

5. Commonly abused drugs
 Depressants
 Stimulants
 Hallucinogens
 Marijuana
 Inhalants
 steroids

6. Depressants
it shows brain and body reactios
barbiturates,opiates,alcohol,heroin
it shows contraction of
pupils,clumsiness,sleepiness

7. Stimulants
 Stimulants cause brain and body reactions to
speed up.
 Cocaine ,nicotine,amphetamines,morphine.
 Dilated pupils,hyperactivity,euphoria
 Weightloss,dry mouth

8. Hallucinogens
 Many natural products having hallucinogenic
property.
 These drugs which alters the mood,behaviour
thought and perception in a manner similar to
that seen in psychosis.
 LSD(lysergic acid diethylamide)
 It is synthesized by hofmann it is an ergot
alkaloids(mental effects and central
 Sympathetic stimulation).

9. marijuana
 It act as an depressant,stimulant,hallusinogen.
 It cause glassy,red eyes,loud talking, loss of
interest.

10. Inhalants
 Inhalants are extremely dangerous can die
from first time use mostly
hydroflurocarbons,
 Alkylnitrites,toluene,xylene
 Watery eyes,anxiety,irritability,drowsiness,
 headache,nausea.

11. Steroids
These drugs to make users bigger,
fasters,stronger can be take
in the form of pill.

12. Way of consuming drugs
smoking snorting

15. Mechanism of action of cocaine
 Cocaine stimulates vagal center vomiting
centre, raise up in BP & pyrexia.
 Cocaine blocks uptake of dopamine,
noradrenalin and adrenaline into adrenergic
nerve endings, resulting higher cocentration
of the transmitter around the receptors. It
shows sympathomimetic effect.
 Leads to local vasoconstriction and
tachycardia.

16. Mechanism of action of cocaine

17. Morphine
 It is widely used for acute and chronic pain.
 Route of administration oral&injections etc..
 It causes
sedation,depression,constipation,itching.
 All opioid receptors are linked through G-
proteins to inhibition of adenylate cyclase.

18. Mechanism of action of
morphine

19. They are addicted

20. changes before -after

21. Counselling the ptients carefully

22. Anti drugs – listenning music , changing their habits,
laughing,dancing.

23. Thank you