The document discusses various topics related to drug use including: 1. It profiles the typical drug user as being male, aged 15-29, and using shabu which was typically introduced by friends between ages 15-19. 2. It describes different forms drugs can take and methods of ingestion including orally, through inhalation, and injection. 3. It outlines various short-term and long-term effects of different drug types like stimulants, depressants, hallucinogens and others. 4. It also discusses signs of drug use like changes in behavior, mood, and appearance as well as common reasons for drug abuse like family and peer problems.

1. Drug Identification & Behavioral Ill-Effects

2. Majority of the patients were within the 15-29 age groups The mean age is 27 years old The ratio of male to female is 14:1 Majority are workers/employees Drugs are first introduced at age 15-19 Almost 70% cited friends as their major source Most are mono-drug users (shabu) DRUG DEPENDENT'S PROFILE

3. A drug is a chemical substance that brings about physical, emotional or behavioral change in a person taking it. WHAT IS DRUGS Is any substance other than food or water that is intended to be taken or administered for the purpose of altering, sustaining or controlling the recipients physical, mental or emotional state.

4. 1. Tablets 2. Capsules 3. Syrup/Liquid 4. Plant 5. Cigarette 6. Powder 7. Crystals Drugs maybe in different forms:

5. INGESTION INHALATION INJECTION Used as suppository or applied topically How are drugs taken

6. Most drugs are taken orally. When a drug is swallowed it goes to the stomach, absorbed by the small intestines and into the blood for circulation. INGESTION

7. Inhaled drugs enter the bloodstream through the capillaries of the lungs. INHALATION

8. When a drug is injected into a vein it travels directly to the heart and circulate throughout the system. INJECTION

9. Is the use of any substance, licit or illicit, which results in an individuals physical, mental, emotional or social impairments. It is the use or consumption without medical authorization of medically useful drugs which alter mood and behavior. It is the use of drugs and substance for a purpose different from the one for which it has been prescribed. WHAT IS DRUG ABUSE

10. DRUGS OF CHOICE 1. SHABU

11. Scientific Name: Methamphetamine Hydrochloride Street / Slang Names: Poor Man’s Cocaine, Meth, Ice, Speed, Shabs, “S”, Shasha, Ubas, Bato, Tobats, Siopao, Splash, Items, etc.

12. DRUGS OF CHOICE 2. MARIJUANA or CANNABIS

13. Scientific Name: Cannabis Sativa (Plants) Tetrahydrocannabinol (Process) Street / Slang Names Mary Jane , MJ, Flower, Doodie, Pampapogi, Brownies, Damo, Pot, Tea, Joint, Dope, Jutes, Chongki, Weed, Ganja, Hushies, etc.

14. DRUGS OF CHOICE 3. ECSTASY

15. Scientific Name: 3-4 MethyleneDioxyMethAmphetamine or MDMA Street / Slang Names Designers Drug, X, XTC, Rave, E, Eckie, Love Drug, Flying Saucer, LBD or Libido, Jagged Little Pill, Adam, Eve, Artist Drug, Hug Drug, MDA, MDEA, Love Doves, Disco Biscuit, etc.

16. CLASSIFICATION OF DRUGS ACCORDING TO:

17. PROHIBITED - not legally sold unless authorized by competent authority. (Ex. Heroin, Marijuana, Cocaine, Opium) REGULATED - sold with prescription. (Ex. Amphetamine, Nubain) Note: Under the new Drug Law (R.A. 9165) both categories are considered as Dangerous Drugs. Categories of Dangerous Drugs

18. A. ORIGIN Natural - anything that comes from nature. Ex. Plants (Marijuana) and Animals (Snake venom - snakebites) Synthetic - anything that is produced artificially or processed in the laboratory. Ex. Shabu

19. INHALANTS NARCOTICS STIMULANTS DEPRESSANTS HALLUCINOGENS Kinds of Drugs According to Effects:

20. Volatile chemical substances that contain psycho-active (mind/mood altering) vapors to produce a state of intoxication. Ex: Glue and Adhesive Cement / Rugby / Super Glue / Thinner 1. Inhalants

21. Any liquid, solid or mixed substances having the property of releasing toxic vapors or fumes containing one or more of the following chemical compounds: Methanol, ethanol, iso-propanol, ethyl acetate, etc. Volatile Substances

22. Sudden death, presumably from cardiac arrest. Suffocation & Asphyxia Visual hallucinations and severe mood swings Confusion/Disorientation Distorted perception of time and distance Slurred Speech Nausea & Vomiting Aggressive behavior/violence Decrease of loss of sense of smell Loss of memory Hepatitis Muscle cramps & weakness Irregular heartbeat Liver, lung, and kidney impairment Nervous system damage Dangerous chemical imbalances in the body Involuntary passing of urine and feces IMMEDIATE EFFECTS DELAYED EFFECTS

23. 2. Narcotics The term narcotic, derived from the Greek word for stupor, originally referred to a variety of substances that induced sleep. Also called OPIATES, which is medically used to relieve pain. When abused it causes insensibility, stupor, and dullness of mind with delusions. (Ex: Cough syrups, Opium, Cocaine, Morphine, Heroine)

24. Restlessness Nausea & vomiting For every large dosage; cannot be awakened; Smaller Pupils Cold, moist and bluish skin Slowed down breathing Death WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME Uneasiness Diarrhea Abdominal cramps Chills Sweating Nausea Runny nose and eyes IMMEDIATE EFFECTS

25. 3. Stimulants (also known as “uppers”) Any of a group of drugs that excite the central nervous system, in which increase alertness, alleviate fatigue, reduce hunger and provide a feeling of well being. (Ex. Cocaine / Amphetamine i.e. SHABU)

26. Dilated pupils Increase in blood pressure / Heart rate / Breathing rate / Body Temperature Involuntary muscle twitching A sense of well being Feels energetic/alert Less hunger Slurred speech IMMEDIATE EFFECTS

27. also called as “downers” or “barbs” any drug or chemical that decreases the activity of any bodily function. The term most often is used to refer to drugs that reduce the activity of the central nervous system (Ex: Sedatives / Sleeping Pills / Tranquilizers) 4. Depressants

28. Small doses: calmness and relaxation Large doses: slurred speech, staggering, poor judgment, slow body movements & uncertain reflexes. Overdose: unconsciousness/DEATH IMMEDIATE EFFECTS WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME Psychosis Restlessness Irritability/anxiety Sleeplessness Stuffy or running nose Ulcerated mucous membrane of nose Lung damage Confusion Slurred speech

29. (also called psychedelics) First developed as appetite suppressant any one of a large number of natural or synthetic psychoactive drugs that produce marked distortions of the senses and changes in perception. Drugs capable of provoking changes in sensation, thinking, self-awareness and emotion. Alteration of time and space perception and hallucination. (Ex: MJ / LSD / Ecstasy / Ketamine / Talampunay) 5. Hallucinogens

30. Hallucinations/illusions Faster heart beat and pulse rate Bloodshot Eye/blurred vision/Rapid Eye Movement (REM) Dry mouth and throat Forgetfulness/inability to think Altered sense of time/ disorientation Impaired reflexes coordination and concentration Acute panic anxiety reaction Appetite loss & sleeping problems (MDMA) “ Food-trip” & sleepiness (MJ) IMMEDIATE EFFECTS Psychiatric consequences Severe irritation of the nasal passages that they may become prone to frequent nose bleed Renal damage heart disease and strokes Injecting MDMA from contaminated needles may lead to risk of infections resulting in inflammation of the blood vessels, infection of the heart valves, blood poisoning and AIDS all of which can lead to death. LONG TERM EFFECTS

31. THE EFFECT OF DRUGS TO Normal Brain Affected Brain HUMAN BRAIN

33. Cross-Section of a Drug Affected Human Brain

34. How to Spot a Drug Users

35. General Signs Wearing sunglasses at inappropriate times to hide dilated or constricted pupils, or bloodshot eyes. Found in old places like closets and storage. Intoxication and drunkenness. Aggressive behavior or drowsiness. Lack of concentration. Scars on arms and body. Antisocial, very low morals. Nasal secretion and watering eyes. Extreme cheerfulness and exhilaration. Extreme restlessness and irritability.

36. Ecstasy Users

37. slides,

39. Birth Defect called “Acro Syndactily Yours”

40. Defect cause by smoking Marijuana

41. Defect cause by smoking Marijuana

42. Parents who are heavy users of LSD and Marijuana are likely to produce children with Hydrocephalus (Big, Watery Head)

43. WHICH ONE ? NMH NBP LMP

45. Family Problems

46. Lack of Parental Guidance

47. Peer Pressure/Curiosity

48. Boredom, Frustration

49. Weak Personality, Desire to Escape From Reality

50. Common Signs of Drug Abuse

51. Before After Changes in Behavior

52. Change from normal capabilities (work habits, efficiency, etc.) Change in attendance at work or school

53. Stealing items which can be readily sold for cash (to support a drug habit)

54. Association with known drug abusers

55. Before After Changes in Mood

56. Changes in Mood – depending on the drug taken. Example: depressed or becoming elated and euphoric.

57. Before After Changes in Appearance

58. Injection Marks of an Addict Unusual effort made to cover arms in order to hide needle marks

59. Wearing sunglasses constantly at inappropriate times (for instance, indoors or at night) or only to hide dilated or constricted pupils but also to compensate for the eyes’ inability to adjust to sunlight. Marijuana causes bloodshot eyes.

60. Poor physical appearance, including inattention to dress and personal hygiene

61. Thank You and Have a Nice Day!!!