Beyond the current Many design solutions are produced without paying much attention to the architectural and cultural heritage quality, as well as not researching consumer preferences and means. These aspects are of increasingly important when designing non-row housing, particularly in the larger cities. This proposal aims to generate design solutions for the deep renovation of representative parts of the more complex housing stock, to increase both energy efficiency and architectural quality.

1. BEYOND THE CURRENT
Thijs Asselbergs & Leo Oorschot

2. The problem
Transition from fossil
based to zero carbon
• Climate Conference Paris 2015
• Change Dutch Housing Act 2015
• Dutch Energy Agreement 2015
• All existing social houses must
have a energy label B in 2020
and zero carbon in 2050

3. The problem
Existing Housing Stock
• NoM (zero carbon) row houses
• Supply driven by contractors
• No heritage
• No user preferences
• No social houses
• No multi storey tenement
apartment blocks of the cities

4. The problem
Deep renovation to
Energy label C
• Housing Associations
• Tenement apartment blocks
• Inter and post war period
• No lift, collective stair well
• 480.000 apartments in G4
• No feasible deep
renovation approach

5. Sabira
Leo
Thaleia
Tim
Our research team
Beyond the Current:
Ir. Sabira El Messlaki (+ Clarine)
Dr.ir. Thaleia Konstantinou
Dr.ir. Tim de Jonge
Dir.ir. Leo Oorschot
Delft University of Technology
Architecture and Built Environment
• Chair: Housing Management
Prof.dr.ir. Vincent Gruis
Dr. Clarine van Oel
• Chair Architectural Engineering
Prof.ir. Thijs Asselbergs
Ir. Tjalling Homans
• Chair Heritage & Design
Prof.ir. Wessel de Jonge
Ir. Lidwine Spoormans
Utrecht University of Applied Sciences
• Prof. Jan Willem Kroon

6. Our research team
Beyond the Current:
Ir. Sabira El Messlaki (+ Clarine)
Dr.ir. Thaleia Konstantinou
Dr.ir. Tim de Jonge
Dir.ir. Leo Oorschot
Delft University of Technology
Architecture and Built Environment
• Chair: Housing Management
Prof.dr.ir. Vincent Gruis
Dr. Clarine van Oel
• Chair Architectural Engineering
Prof.ir. Thijs Asselbergs
Ir. Tjalling Homans
• Chair Heritage & Design
Prof.ir. Wessel de Jonge
Ir. Lidwine Spoormans
Utrecht University of Applied Sciences
• Prof. Jan Willem Kroon

7. Involved stakeholders
Universities
Institutes
Architects
Housing Associations

8. HERITAGE
quality of the environment
• municipalities & local politics
• local heritage departments
• preferences neighbourhood
• user preferences
USER PREFERENCES
quality of the apartments
• housing associations
• municipalities
• tenant organisations
• local politics
• preferences tenants apartments
SUSTAINABILITY
transition towards zero carbon
quality of the society
• municipalities & local politics
• housing associations
• consultancies
• Institutes & universities
• contractors & suppliers of service systems
• user preferences
Why Research
Through Design?
1 - Aim research is provide
quantitative data about user
preferences for this building type
2 – Contribute to new practice of
feasible and integral deep
renovation for tenement apartment
blocks based on the parameters:
• Sustainability
• Heritage
• User preferences

9. Why RTD as method?
• Integral approach, different fields of sciences
• Real live context with housing associations, tenants and municipalities
• Multiple sources of evidence are used
• Multiple research methods are used
• Leo Building type inventory and value assessment survey
• Thaleia Energy assessment
• Tim Life cycle cost assessment
• Sabira User preference assessment
• Learning from the past pilot project (Energiesprong and NoM)
Why Research
Through Design?
Why this method?
Our general approach?
Building type inventory Method: archive and literature research
and value assessment Researcher: dr.ir. Leo Oorschot
Energy assessment Method: energy model and calculation
Researcher: dr.ir. Thaleia Konstantinou
User preference assessment Method: discrete choice modelling
Researcher: ir. Sabira El Messlaki
(+ dr. Clarine van Oel)
Calculating building Method: Live Cycle Costing assessment
and exploitation cost Researcher: dr.ir. Tim de Jonge
Four design cases, a number of feasible design variations
Designers: All

10. How did Research
and Design meet?
Building type inventory
and value assessment
The object of research,
characteristics and evaluation
of deep renovation problems
Choice of Design and Test Cases

11. How did Research
and Design meet?
Four subtypes
Four design cases
1. Inter war Amsterdam
2. Inter war Den Haag
3. Post war mix traditional
and building systems
4. Dry building system
with precast elements

12. How did Research
and Design meet?
Our research approach
based on the design cases
Design Case 1
(subtype post war)
Step 1
Discussion about attributes
Attribute list A
Step 2
Designs variations
Step 3 & 4
Energy assessment
Live Cycle Costing
assessment
Step 5
User preference assessment
Questionnaires list A
Step 6
Evaluation results
Design Case 2&3
(subtype inter war)
Step 1
Discussion about attributes
Attribute list B
Step 2
Designs variations
Step 3 & 4
Energy assessment
Live Cycle Costing assessment
Step 5
User preference assessment
Questionnaires list B
Step 6
Evaluation results
Design Case 4
(subtype post war)
Architect workshop
Test Case 1&2
(subtype post war)
User preference
assessment
Questionnaires list A
Test Case 3&4
(subtype inter war)
User preference
assessment
Questionnaires list B
Pre-phase
Building type inventory
and value assessment
Energy assessment
Live Cycle Costing
assessment
User preference assessment

13. How did RTD affect our
result and process?
From design variations
to
attribute list
to
questionnaires list
Design Case 2 & 3 (inter war building types)
Attribute list as basis of questionnaires list B
Uitgangspunten Beyond the Current
• Isoleren schil tot lage temperatuurverwarming
mogelijk is, dan is ook een warmtepomp met
voorraadvat toe te passen
• Woonlasten (huur + energiekosten) blijft gelijk
• Investeringsbudget komt uit de huurprijs
Proces
• Staat van bewoning (onbewoond of bij mutatie)
Heritage
• Waardering karakteristieken gevel
• Waardering karakteristieken in de woning
Energiehuishouding
• Hoofdverwarming (warmtepomp/voorraadvat,
blokverwarming, stadsverwarming)
• Ventilatie (mech of balans met wtw)
• Hernieuwbare energie (PV panelen, batterij)
• Trombe glas
• Witgoedpakket
Functionaliteit
• Positie en indeling badkamer-toilet
• Positie en indeling keuken-woonkamer
• Balkon (als bestaand of vergroot)
Extra inkomsten (vergroting verhuurbaar oppervlakte)
• Toevoegen van een woning op zolderverdieping
Design Case 1 (post war building types)
Attribute list as basis of questionnaires list A
Uitgangspunten Beyond the Current
• Woonlasten (huur + energiekosten) blijft gelijk
• Investeringsbudget komt uit de huurprijs
Proces
• Staat van bewoning (onbewoond of bij mutatie)
Façade (binnen heritage kaders)
• Waardering karakteristieken gevel
(bestaand, half open, helemaal open)
Energiehuishouding
• Isoleren schil gebouw (energy label B of A+)
• Hoofdverwarming (warmtepomp/voorraadvat)
• Ventilatie (mech of balans met wtw)
• Hernieuwbare energie (PV panelen, Solar Collector)
Functionaliteit
• Geluidisolatie vloeren/plafonds
• Positie en indeling badkamer-keuken
• Relatie keuken-woonkamer
• Positie aantal slaapkamers versus woonkamer
• Toevoegen galerij met lift
Extra inkomsten (vergroting verhuurbaar oppervlakte)
• Toevoegen kleine woningen begane grond
• Toevoegen serre aan de tuinzijde

14. In what way did you
combine Research
and Design?
Example of a design variation:
The kitchen, bathroom area
The three choices
Choice B
Extension
Choice A
Existing
Choice C
New floor plan

15. Discrete Choice Modelling
Image question list
• Design variations are translated to images for the questionnaires
• Questions in several languages (Dutch, English, Turkish, Arabian)
• 3D models produced in Maya
• Online questionnaire
• Hardcopy questionnaires is possible on demand
Kind of questions :
1. Social demographic questions
2. Questions about the appreciation and characteristics of the current dwelling
3. Discrete choice questions with images about the designs
In what way did you
combine Research
and Design?
Example of a design variation:
The kitchen, bathroom area
Discrete Choice Modelling
Design translated into a images
and questionnaires

16. How RTD accelerate
and improve the results
and process?
Discrete Choice Modelling
Preliminary results
user preferences
At the moment there are 533
respondents of the questionnaires,
more respondents are expected

17. How RTD accelerate
and improve the results
and process?
Discrete Choice Modelling
Preliminary results
user preferences
If
• rent and energy cost (woonlasten) of tenants
are not changing
• investments are 30-40 years
Then:
• Reduce energy cost to finance deep renovation
• Enlarge the program to finance deep renovation
(new apartments basement and/or attic or roof)
Extreme deep renovation variations are possible:
• Lift and glass serre garden side

18. Personal challenge,
lessons and solutions
we encountered and
created during project?
Information housing associations
provide us during excursions
Support of housing associations
with the questionnaires

19. Personal challenge,
lessons and solutions
we encountered and
created during project?
Workshops with and meetings
with architects
Discussions and meetings with
housing associations

20. HERITAGE
quality of the environment
USER PREFERENCES
the quality of the apartments
SUSTAINABILITY
transition towards zero carbon
quality of the society
Statement
1 - Aim research is provide
quantitative data about user
preferences for this building type
2 – Contribute to new practice of
feasible and integral deep
renovation for tenement apartment
blocks based on the parameters:
• Sustainability
• Heritage
• User preferences
Challenge is to unite:
• sustainability
• heritage
• user preferences
Towards an integral approach of
retrofitting tenement apartment blocks.

21. THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION
BEYOND THE CURRENT RESEARCH GROUP DELFT