This document provides guidance on writing a summary composition. It instructs the reader to identify the key points, ideas, sections, and author of the source essay. The summary should have an introduction stating the author and topic in 1-2 sentences. The body should combine stages of thought and remind the reader the ideas are not the author's. It should use the author's name to attribute ideas and end by leaving the reader with a major idea or question. Quotations should be used word for word from the text while paraphrasing puts ideas in the writer's own words. A summary condenses the same ideas into shorter form using the writer's own words.

1. Drafting a Summary Composition I—J. Santoy

2. Goal —Reader will understand essay by reading summary. Identify all key points/ideas Identify author as creator/originator of ideas Identify all key sections of essay

3. How Did We Get Here? Read essay Annotated for key ideas Identified Stages of thought notes Composed short section summaries Identified author’s thesis sentence

4. How will I begin? Introduction Body Conclusion

5. Introduction Who is the author? What is the complete title? Identify topic 1-2 sentence summary of entire essay

6. Body How does author begin? Which stages of thought could I combine in my summary? How does the author end? How do I remind reader that these ideas are not mine? Author Tags

7. Conclusion How does the author end? What major idea/question/problem does he leave the reader with?

8. Other Rules—Do not use: You/Your—2 nd person Talk Past tense

9. Other Rules— DO use: 3 rd person—he/she/they/reader/author Active verbs—discusses/argues/demonstrates/shows/ explains/contends/comments/etc. Present tense

10. Other Rules— DO use: Quotation marks for words taken from text Key words phrases sentences

11. Quotations Taken word for word (exactly) from the original text Changing one word from a phrase or sentence does not excuse you from using quotation marks.

12. Paraphrase Putting the ideas of the original text in your own words Changing one word from a phrase or sentence is not paraphrasing Rearranging the words is not paraphrasing You must use your own words/terminology Usually same length as the original

13. Summarizing Same ideas Your words Condensed (shorter)