The 2010 Haiti earthquake caused widespread damage and loss of life.
1) A 7.0 magnitude earthquake struck near the capital of Port-au-Prince, killing over 230,000 people and injuring 300,000.
2) Critical infrastructure was destroyed, including hospitals, roads, the airport, and telephone and electricity systems.
3) Secondary effects included a cholera outbreak due to poor sanitation, mass burials, and over 500,000 people living in temporary camps with the onset of the rainy season.
Droughts occur when there is not enough rainfall to support people or crops and can have severe consequences. Drought is caused by both natural factors like changes in weather patterns as well as human factors such as deforestation, overpopulation, and overextraction of water. The vast majority of deaths from drought have occurred in three countries: Ethiopia, Sudan, and Mozambique. Case studies of drought in Ethiopia and Australia show how drought can impact populations through famine, disease, loss of livestock, and economic hardship. Responses to drought involve aid efforts, management of water resources, and strategies to prevent desertification.
The document discusses the effects of climate change based on scientific data and evidence from NASA. It summarizes that global temperatures have risen sharply since 1880 according to NASA's data. It then discusses several impacts of this warming trend, including more wildfires due to hotter and drier forests, rising sea levels from melting glaciers that could flood cities, declining polar bear populations as their sea ice habitat melts, and evidence of melting glaciers at Glacier National Park. The document also notes that NASA estimates there is a 95% chance that climate change is caused by human activities like burning fossil fuels and deforestation since the 20th century.
Heavy snowfall in Beijing caused severe disruptions. Over 33cm of snow fell, the most since 1951, closing schools and canceling 90% of flights. More snow is expected across northern China, with temperatures in Beijing already at -14C and expected to drop further.
The Critical Role Of Geospatial Information In Developing2PaulDavidShaw
The critical role of geospatial information in climate change adaptation planning for the Mulanje Massif region of Malawi. Geospatial information and GIS systems are important tools for planning strategies to address challenges like flooding, climate modeling, and natural disasters. However, Malawi's maps are outdated, over 45 years old, which severely limits planning efforts. Developing reliable and up-to-date geospatial information and water monitoring systems is crucial for successful climate adaptation policies in Malawi.
The document discusses extreme weather events in the UK, including a 2004 flood in Boscastle, Cornwall. Nearly three times the average monthly rainfall fell in one day, causing flash flooding. While no lives were lost, 58 properties were flooded and 116 cars were swept away. Long-term responses included removing debris from upstream and restricting future development in the valley. However, Boscastle remains unprepared for another flood.
UK weather is becoming more extreme, as evidenced by several extreme weather events over the last 10 years. This has both positive and negative impacts on areas like transportation, health, agriculture, and people's homes and lives. Extreme weather can benefit some sectors environmentally or economically, but often comes at high social and economic costs. As the climate warms, extreme weather events may become more frequent, emphasizing the need for adequate warning systems, preparation plans, and long-term responses to reduce negative impacts.
The 2010 Haiti earthquake caused widespread damage and loss of life.
1) A 7.0 magnitude earthquake struck near the capital of Port-au-Prince, killing over 230,000 people and injuring 300,000.
2) Critical infrastructure was destroyed, including hospitals, roads, the airport, and telephone and electricity systems.
3) Secondary effects included a cholera outbreak due to poor sanitation, mass burials, and over 500,000 people living in temporary camps with the onset of the rainy season.
Droughts occur when there is not enough rainfall to support people or crops and can have severe consequences. Drought is caused by both natural factors like changes in weather patterns as well as human factors such as deforestation, overpopulation, and overextraction of water. The vast majority of deaths from drought have occurred in three countries: Ethiopia, Sudan, and Mozambique. Case studies of drought in Ethiopia and Australia show how drought can impact populations through famine, disease, loss of livestock, and economic hardship. Responses to drought involve aid efforts, management of water resources, and strategies to prevent desertification.
The document discusses the effects of climate change based on scientific data and evidence from NASA. It summarizes that global temperatures have risen sharply since 1880 according to NASA's data. It then discusses several impacts of this warming trend, including more wildfires due to hotter and drier forests, rising sea levels from melting glaciers that could flood cities, declining polar bear populations as their sea ice habitat melts, and evidence of melting glaciers at Glacier National Park. The document also notes that NASA estimates there is a 95% chance that climate change is caused by human activities like burning fossil fuels and deforestation since the 20th century.
Heavy snowfall in Beijing caused severe disruptions. Over 33cm of snow fell, the most since 1951, closing schools and canceling 90% of flights. More snow is expected across northern China, with temperatures in Beijing already at -14C and expected to drop further.
The Critical Role Of Geospatial Information In Developing2PaulDavidShaw
The critical role of geospatial information in climate change adaptation planning for the Mulanje Massif region of Malawi. Geospatial information and GIS systems are important tools for planning strategies to address challenges like flooding, climate modeling, and natural disasters. However, Malawi's maps are outdated, over 45 years old, which severely limits planning efforts. Developing reliable and up-to-date geospatial information and water monitoring systems is crucial for successful climate adaptation policies in Malawi.
The document discusses extreme weather events in the UK, including a 2004 flood in Boscastle, Cornwall. Nearly three times the average monthly rainfall fell in one day, causing flash flooding. While no lives were lost, 58 properties were flooded and 116 cars were swept away. Long-term responses included removing debris from upstream and restricting future development in the valley. However, Boscastle remains unprepared for another flood.
UK weather is becoming more extreme, as evidenced by several extreme weather events over the last 10 years. This has both positive and negative impacts on areas like transportation, health, agriculture, and people's homes and lives. Extreme weather can benefit some sectors environmentally or economically, but often comes at high social and economic costs. As the climate warms, extreme weather events may become more frequent, emphasizing the need for adequate warning systems, preparation plans, and long-term responses to reduce negative impacts.
UK weather is becoming more extreme, as evidenced by several extreme weather events over the last 10 years. This has both positive and negative impacts on various aspects of human activity and society. Extreme weather can negatively impact people's homes and lives, agriculture, health, and transportation through flooding, drought, heavy winds and snow. However, there may also be some economic and social benefits. As the climate warms, extreme weather events are likely to become more frequent, highlighting the need for adequate warning systems, preparation plans, and long-term responses to reduce negative impacts.
Effects of Deforestation on Climatic Condition in Urban Contexthabibullah181
Group E's presentation discusses the effects of deforestation on climate and the environment. It notes that deforestation reduces forest cover from 30% globally to 5% in Pakistan. This causes climate change by reducing humidity and rainfall. Deforestation also increases carbon dioxide in the air from industries and urban development, contributing to global warming. Other effects include more extreme weather, worsening air pollution like smog, and negative health impacts on humans such as heart attacks, coughing, and skin problems from higher temperatures.
Global warming is causing significant impacts around the world. The last 12 years have been the hottest on record and wildlife is declining, with 25% expected to perish. Greenland experienced 32 glacial earthquakes in a single year as its glaciers melt. Many areas are already experiencing effects—Mumbai's Nariman Point is projected to be submerged by 2015, Montana's Glacier National Park now only has 27 glaciers compared to 150 in 1910, and small islands and Southeast Asia face flooding from even small sea level rises. If temperatures continue increasing, 40% of Himalayan glaciers could vanish by 2030 and the Arctic may have completely ice-free summers. The main causes of global warming are both natural phenomena and human
The ecological challenge for developing countries focuses on the global situation of coal production and emissions as well as remedies like the Kyoto Protocol's Clean Development Mechanism. It discusses China and Brazil's reliance on coal as an energy source and the resulting greenhouse gas emissions while also exploring renewable alternatives like solar, wind, biomass, geothermal, hydroelectric, and tidal power that could help address development needs in a sustainable manner.
Droughts are extended periods of below average precipitation that cause water supplies to be unable to meet societal needs. The document discusses different types of drought and their severity in various regions globally and domestically. Effects of drought include failure of crops and livestock, damage to economies and land, and increased food prices. Climate change is projected to worsen the effects of drought through earlier snowmelt and more frequent droughts. Precautions like improved water monitoring and more efficient irrigation are necessary to mitigate drought impacts.
This document discusses different types of natural disasters such as floods and cyclones. It provides details about what constitutes a flood, including common causes such as heavy rainfall. The effects of floods include loss of life, property damage, and health issues. Precautions that can be taken include emergency planning and infrastructure development. Recent case studies of floods in Mumbai in 2017 and Cyclone Ockhi that hit India's eastern coast in December 2017 are also summarized.
This document provides an overview of climate change concepts including:
- Global carbon budgets that track emissions partitioning between the atmosphere and carbon sinks. The imbalance reflects uncertainties.
- Historical cumulative fossil CO2 emissions have been led by developed nations like the US, EU, China, and Russia.
- The IPCC outlines climate change risks and impacts, as well as the need to limit warming to 1.5°C to avoid worst effects.
- Scenarios like RCPs and SSPs are used to model potential future pathways based on different levels of emissions and socioeconomic conditions.
New business opportunities with zero carbon thinking and how California suburban lifestyle may be the answer to global warming and the need to adapt to a warmer climate through IT - the Energy Internet
Gearing a National Statistical System Towards the Measurement of the Impact o...No to mining in Palawan
This is a revised version of the paper prepared for presentation to the Conference on Climate Change and Official Statistics organized by the United Nations Statistics Division in collaboration with Eurostat, the World Bank and Statistics Norway held at the Oslo Military Society, Oslo Norway on April 14 – 16 2008.
Moreover, the authors would like to acknowledge Ms. Zenaida B. Munoz, chief of the Research and Statistics Division of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources, respectively, for providing valuable comments to the paper.
1) The document summarizes key findings from the IPCC's Special Report on Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation (SREX) regarding trends and projections for various climate extremes including floods, hurricanes, tornadoes, heat waves, drought, and wildfires.
2) The SREX found low confidence in attributed changes to many extremes due to lack of historical trends, but projected increases in some extremes like heat waves and drought in some regions.
3) The document discusses examples of extreme events from history that challenge the notion that recent extremes are unprecedented, such as the deadly 1936 North American heat wave.
The presentation covers the climate emergency, the threats posed by climate change including mass extinction, the solutions available to address it, and the work of Extinction Rebellion. It urges action such as joining Extinction Rebellion, and provides suggestions for immediate actions individuals can take to help address the crisis.
This document provides an overview of global hazards and trends related to climate change. It begins with key terms used to describe different types of hazards. Statistics show that while the number of deaths from disasters has decreased due to better protection, the total number affected has increased significantly since the 1990s. This is likely due to growing populations living in at-risk areas combined with more frequent or intense extreme weather events associated with climate change. El Niño/La Niña cycles also influence hazard patterns globally, bringing drought to some areas and floods to others. Human activities like deforestation exacerbate the impacts of disasters by increasing vulnerability.
Webinar 1: Climate Change: What does it mean for the Financial Sector in Africa?
Financial institutions can play an important role in society’s adaptation to climate change risks mitigation. This webinar will highlight risks and opportunities that climate change poses for the financial sector in Africa and discuss how financial institutions can best respond to these, in a sustainable manner. In particular, the webinar is expected to:
Raise awareness on climate change within the financial industry in Africa and facilitate a broader dialogue aimed at integrating climate change considerations;
Clarify the pivotal role the financial sector can play in mitigating climate change risks and adapting to its effects; and
Present examples of transformative change in financial institutions’ practices
Speakers
Paul SMITH has worked for the climate team at the United Nations’ Environment Programme Finance Initiative (UNEP FI) for over four years. Paul leads UNEP FI’s climate adaptation and physical risk work supporting the Climate Risk Programme, the Climate Adaptation Working Group of the Principles for Responsible Banking and the Adaptation and Resilience Investor Collaborative (ARIC). He also leads on climate policy in partnership with the Investor Agenda and has co-authored The Climate Risk Landscape, Physically Fit? and Adapting to a New Climate, as well as contributing to Climate Risk: Managing the Financial Risk and Funding the Transition
Anthony NYONG is the Director of Climate Change and Green Growth at the AfDB. Mr. Nyong has about 30 years of experience in environmental and natural resources management, renewable energy and green growth. He was a Coordinating Lead Author for the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report and a member of the IPCC Task Group on Data and Scenario Support for Impact and Climate Analysis.
David ASHIAGBOR is the Chief Financial Sector Strategy Officer in the Financial Sector Development Department of the African Development Bank. He is currently leading the design and development of the Bank’s new Financial Sector Development Strategy, in addition to supporting the Director on policy and strategy issues.
Marina FINKEN is the Partnership Coordinator for Making Finance Work For Africa (MFW4A). She is an experienced Finance Professional who, before joining MFW4A had a successful career within Big 4 firms, providing audit and advisory services to large Banking groups and other financial services entities.
The document discusses the risks of climate change and strategies to address it. It provides context on climate change including that it is caused by global warming due to human greenhouse gas emissions. Examples are given of how climate change is impacting different regions of the world through increased temperatures, changes in weather patterns, rising sea levels, and more frequent extreme weather events. The document also examines past nuclear disasters and how nuclear winter could potentially impact the climate. It outlines goals to limit global warming and strategies companies and governments are implementing to increase energy efficiency, transition to renewable resources, and develop new technologies and policies to mitigate climate change.
The document summarizes key findings from the 5th Assessment Report (AR5) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). It discusses the IPCC's assessment of evidence that human activity is the dominant cause of observed warming since 1950. It also notes that future warming is projected to cause sea level rise, ocean acidification, and further changes to glaciers, Arctic sea ice, and oceans. While some adaptation is possible, there are limits, and increasing impacts pose growing challenges.
This document summarizes a presentation about using information and communication technologies (ICT) to adapt to rather than mitigate global warming. Some key points:
- Mitigation efforts alone will not be enough to address climate change, and adaptation strategies are now needed to survive the impacts.
- ICT sector growth is contributing to energy demand and emissions but can also provide solutions if designed to use renewable energy not connected to the grid.
- Examples of ICT adaptation solutions proposed include building an "Energy Internet" and moving data centers to remote renewable energy sites instead of cities.
- Rewarding carbon reductions through ICT services like broadband could be an alternative to carbon taxes.
Today, CO2 emissions from fossil fuels are around 50 per cent higher than they were 20 years ago, and have been rising each year. This kind of change to the chemical mixture in the air doesn’t come without consequences. Acting like a blanket, the build-up of greenhouse gases is the main reason why the average global temperature has risen by nearly 1°C in the last century. This booklet explains why a rise of only a few degrees in the average global temperature risks our prosperity, security, and health. It explains why it is so important to reverse the rise in emissions within the decade. And why it is still within our means to do so. For more information visit www.climateinstitute.org.au/dangerous-degrees.html
Finding - Climate extremes and their impactsipcc-media
Climate extremes and their impacts were discussed. It was noted that a changing climate leads to changes in extreme weather events, both in terms of frequency and intensity. Extreme events interacting with vulnerable systems can lead to disasters. Various climate indices were presented to quantify extremes such as temperature and precipitation. Projections indicate increases in hot days and heavy precipitation. Managing risks requires understanding vulnerability and exposure as well as implementing measures like early warning systems, infrastructure improvements, and development policies. Adaptation requires addressing local conditions and involves both short-term risk reduction and long-term sustainable solutions.
Climate change is a global problem caused by increased CO2 and other greenhouse gases from human activities like burning fossil fuels and deforestation over the last 100 years. This has led to increased global temperatures and climate change. While some regions may benefit, others will experience serious harmful impacts like more extreme weather, rising sea levels, and impacts on ecosystems. If warming is not limited to 2°C, the costs of these impacts will continue to rise significantly. Although developing countries contribute little to causing climate change, they are often the most vulnerable to its effects. The UN aims to finalize a new global climate agreement in Paris in December 2015 to limit warming through national commitments, but some major countries still need to strengthen their pledges to
Climate-Change and disaster risk reductionkhalidabdi24
The document discusses the links between climate change and disaster risk reduction. It outlines how climate change is likely to increase the frequency and severity of extreme weather events and disasters. Methods of disaster risk reduction can help countries adapt to the impacts of climate change by building resilience. The impacts of climate change, such as more frequent droughts and floods, will vary by region, but developing countries will be most severely affected due to greater vulnerabilities and less ability to adapt.
The document discusses the impacts of climate change and the urgency of reducing carbon emissions. It notes that global temperatures are rising rapidly, climate change effects will be irreversible, and tipping points may cause abrupt shifts. Future droughts and sea level rise from ice sheet collapse could be severe. While energy efficiency helps, it risks increasing consumption through reduced costs. A zero-carbon strategy using renewable energy is essential to avoid this rebound effect. Data center emissions match some countries' totals and will grow substantially. The document proposes rewarding carbon reductions through "carbon rewards" instead of taxes to incentivize changes in behavior.
UK weather is becoming more extreme, as evidenced by several extreme weather events over the last 10 years. This has both positive and negative impacts on various aspects of human activity and society. Extreme weather can negatively impact people's homes and lives, agriculture, health, and transportation through flooding, drought, heavy winds and snow. However, there may also be some economic and social benefits. As the climate warms, extreme weather events are likely to become more frequent, highlighting the need for adequate warning systems, preparation plans, and long-term responses to reduce negative impacts.
Effects of Deforestation on Climatic Condition in Urban Contexthabibullah181
Group E's presentation discusses the effects of deforestation on climate and the environment. It notes that deforestation reduces forest cover from 30% globally to 5% in Pakistan. This causes climate change by reducing humidity and rainfall. Deforestation also increases carbon dioxide in the air from industries and urban development, contributing to global warming. Other effects include more extreme weather, worsening air pollution like smog, and negative health impacts on humans such as heart attacks, coughing, and skin problems from higher temperatures.
Global warming is causing significant impacts around the world. The last 12 years have been the hottest on record and wildlife is declining, with 25% expected to perish. Greenland experienced 32 glacial earthquakes in a single year as its glaciers melt. Many areas are already experiencing effects—Mumbai's Nariman Point is projected to be submerged by 2015, Montana's Glacier National Park now only has 27 glaciers compared to 150 in 1910, and small islands and Southeast Asia face flooding from even small sea level rises. If temperatures continue increasing, 40% of Himalayan glaciers could vanish by 2030 and the Arctic may have completely ice-free summers. The main causes of global warming are both natural phenomena and human
The ecological challenge for developing countries focuses on the global situation of coal production and emissions as well as remedies like the Kyoto Protocol's Clean Development Mechanism. It discusses China and Brazil's reliance on coal as an energy source and the resulting greenhouse gas emissions while also exploring renewable alternatives like solar, wind, biomass, geothermal, hydroelectric, and tidal power that could help address development needs in a sustainable manner.
Droughts are extended periods of below average precipitation that cause water supplies to be unable to meet societal needs. The document discusses different types of drought and their severity in various regions globally and domestically. Effects of drought include failure of crops and livestock, damage to economies and land, and increased food prices. Climate change is projected to worsen the effects of drought through earlier snowmelt and more frequent droughts. Precautions like improved water monitoring and more efficient irrigation are necessary to mitigate drought impacts.
This document discusses different types of natural disasters such as floods and cyclones. It provides details about what constitutes a flood, including common causes such as heavy rainfall. The effects of floods include loss of life, property damage, and health issues. Precautions that can be taken include emergency planning and infrastructure development. Recent case studies of floods in Mumbai in 2017 and Cyclone Ockhi that hit India's eastern coast in December 2017 are also summarized.
This document provides an overview of climate change concepts including:
- Global carbon budgets that track emissions partitioning between the atmosphere and carbon sinks. The imbalance reflects uncertainties.
- Historical cumulative fossil CO2 emissions have been led by developed nations like the US, EU, China, and Russia.
- The IPCC outlines climate change risks and impacts, as well as the need to limit warming to 1.5°C to avoid worst effects.
- Scenarios like RCPs and SSPs are used to model potential future pathways based on different levels of emissions and socioeconomic conditions.
New business opportunities with zero carbon thinking and how California suburban lifestyle may be the answer to global warming and the need to adapt to a warmer climate through IT - the Energy Internet
Gearing a National Statistical System Towards the Measurement of the Impact o...No to mining in Palawan
This is a revised version of the paper prepared for presentation to the Conference on Climate Change and Official Statistics organized by the United Nations Statistics Division in collaboration with Eurostat, the World Bank and Statistics Norway held at the Oslo Military Society, Oslo Norway on April 14 – 16 2008.
Moreover, the authors would like to acknowledge Ms. Zenaida B. Munoz, chief of the Research and Statistics Division of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources, respectively, for providing valuable comments to the paper.
1) The document summarizes key findings from the IPCC's Special Report on Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation (SREX) regarding trends and projections for various climate extremes including floods, hurricanes, tornadoes, heat waves, drought, and wildfires.
2) The SREX found low confidence in attributed changes to many extremes due to lack of historical trends, but projected increases in some extremes like heat waves and drought in some regions.
3) The document discusses examples of extreme events from history that challenge the notion that recent extremes are unprecedented, such as the deadly 1936 North American heat wave.
The presentation covers the climate emergency, the threats posed by climate change including mass extinction, the solutions available to address it, and the work of Extinction Rebellion. It urges action such as joining Extinction Rebellion, and provides suggestions for immediate actions individuals can take to help address the crisis.
This document provides an overview of global hazards and trends related to climate change. It begins with key terms used to describe different types of hazards. Statistics show that while the number of deaths from disasters has decreased due to better protection, the total number affected has increased significantly since the 1990s. This is likely due to growing populations living in at-risk areas combined with more frequent or intense extreme weather events associated with climate change. El Niño/La Niña cycles also influence hazard patterns globally, bringing drought to some areas and floods to others. Human activities like deforestation exacerbate the impacts of disasters by increasing vulnerability.
Webinar 1: Climate Change: What does it mean for the Financial Sector in Africa?
Financial institutions can play an important role in society’s adaptation to climate change risks mitigation. This webinar will highlight risks and opportunities that climate change poses for the financial sector in Africa and discuss how financial institutions can best respond to these, in a sustainable manner. In particular, the webinar is expected to:
Raise awareness on climate change within the financial industry in Africa and facilitate a broader dialogue aimed at integrating climate change considerations;
Clarify the pivotal role the financial sector can play in mitigating climate change risks and adapting to its effects; and
Present examples of transformative change in financial institutions’ practices
Speakers
Paul SMITH has worked for the climate team at the United Nations’ Environment Programme Finance Initiative (UNEP FI) for over four years. Paul leads UNEP FI’s climate adaptation and physical risk work supporting the Climate Risk Programme, the Climate Adaptation Working Group of the Principles for Responsible Banking and the Adaptation and Resilience Investor Collaborative (ARIC). He also leads on climate policy in partnership with the Investor Agenda and has co-authored The Climate Risk Landscape, Physically Fit? and Adapting to a New Climate, as well as contributing to Climate Risk: Managing the Financial Risk and Funding the Transition
Anthony NYONG is the Director of Climate Change and Green Growth at the AfDB. Mr. Nyong has about 30 years of experience in environmental and natural resources management, renewable energy and green growth. He was a Coordinating Lead Author for the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report and a member of the IPCC Task Group on Data and Scenario Support for Impact and Climate Analysis.
David ASHIAGBOR is the Chief Financial Sector Strategy Officer in the Financial Sector Development Department of the African Development Bank. He is currently leading the design and development of the Bank’s new Financial Sector Development Strategy, in addition to supporting the Director on policy and strategy issues.
Marina FINKEN is the Partnership Coordinator for Making Finance Work For Africa (MFW4A). She is an experienced Finance Professional who, before joining MFW4A had a successful career within Big 4 firms, providing audit and advisory services to large Banking groups and other financial services entities.
The document discusses the risks of climate change and strategies to address it. It provides context on climate change including that it is caused by global warming due to human greenhouse gas emissions. Examples are given of how climate change is impacting different regions of the world through increased temperatures, changes in weather patterns, rising sea levels, and more frequent extreme weather events. The document also examines past nuclear disasters and how nuclear winter could potentially impact the climate. It outlines goals to limit global warming and strategies companies and governments are implementing to increase energy efficiency, transition to renewable resources, and develop new technologies and policies to mitigate climate change.
The document summarizes key findings from the 5th Assessment Report (AR5) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). It discusses the IPCC's assessment of evidence that human activity is the dominant cause of observed warming since 1950. It also notes that future warming is projected to cause sea level rise, ocean acidification, and further changes to glaciers, Arctic sea ice, and oceans. While some adaptation is possible, there are limits, and increasing impacts pose growing challenges.
This document summarizes a presentation about using information and communication technologies (ICT) to adapt to rather than mitigate global warming. Some key points:
- Mitigation efforts alone will not be enough to address climate change, and adaptation strategies are now needed to survive the impacts.
- ICT sector growth is contributing to energy demand and emissions but can also provide solutions if designed to use renewable energy not connected to the grid.
- Examples of ICT adaptation solutions proposed include building an "Energy Internet" and moving data centers to remote renewable energy sites instead of cities.
- Rewarding carbon reductions through ICT services like broadband could be an alternative to carbon taxes.
Today, CO2 emissions from fossil fuels are around 50 per cent higher than they were 20 years ago, and have been rising each year. This kind of change to the chemical mixture in the air doesn’t come without consequences. Acting like a blanket, the build-up of greenhouse gases is the main reason why the average global temperature has risen by nearly 1°C in the last century. This booklet explains why a rise of only a few degrees in the average global temperature risks our prosperity, security, and health. It explains why it is so important to reverse the rise in emissions within the decade. And why it is still within our means to do so. For more information visit www.climateinstitute.org.au/dangerous-degrees.html
Finding - Climate extremes and their impactsipcc-media
Climate extremes and their impacts were discussed. It was noted that a changing climate leads to changes in extreme weather events, both in terms of frequency and intensity. Extreme events interacting with vulnerable systems can lead to disasters. Various climate indices were presented to quantify extremes such as temperature and precipitation. Projections indicate increases in hot days and heavy precipitation. Managing risks requires understanding vulnerability and exposure as well as implementing measures like early warning systems, infrastructure improvements, and development policies. Adaptation requires addressing local conditions and involves both short-term risk reduction and long-term sustainable solutions.
Climate change is a global problem caused by increased CO2 and other greenhouse gases from human activities like burning fossil fuels and deforestation over the last 100 years. This has led to increased global temperatures and climate change. While some regions may benefit, others will experience serious harmful impacts like more extreme weather, rising sea levels, and impacts on ecosystems. If warming is not limited to 2°C, the costs of these impacts will continue to rise significantly. Although developing countries contribute little to causing climate change, they are often the most vulnerable to its effects. The UN aims to finalize a new global climate agreement in Paris in December 2015 to limit warming through national commitments, but some major countries still need to strengthen their pledges to
Climate-Change and disaster risk reductionkhalidabdi24
The document discusses the links between climate change and disaster risk reduction. It outlines how climate change is likely to increase the frequency and severity of extreme weather events and disasters. Methods of disaster risk reduction can help countries adapt to the impacts of climate change by building resilience. The impacts of climate change, such as more frequent droughts and floods, will vary by region, but developing countries will be most severely affected due to greater vulnerabilities and less ability to adapt.
The document discusses the impacts of climate change and the urgency of reducing carbon emissions. It notes that global temperatures are rising rapidly, climate change effects will be irreversible, and tipping points may cause abrupt shifts. Future droughts and sea level rise from ice sheet collapse could be severe. While energy efficiency helps, it risks increasing consumption through reduced costs. A zero-carbon strategy using renewable energy is essential to avoid this rebound effect. Data center emissions match some countries' totals and will grow substantially. The document proposes rewarding carbon reductions through "carbon rewards" instead of taxes to incentivize changes in behavior.
Side Event - Climate Science for Policy - WMO Statement on the State of the G...ipcc-media
Global temperatures in 2018 were the fourth warmest on record, greenhouse gas levels reached new record highs, sea ice extent declined, sea levels and ocean heat content continued to rise, and ocean acidification increased. Extreme weather and climate events had significant humanitarian and economic impacts worldwide, including over 1,600 excess deaths from heatwaves and 100 from wildfires. Climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of natural disasters and the risks and impacts associated with them.
The document discusses the risks of climate change, especially for small island states. It outlines that greenhouse gas concentrations are rising and global temperatures have increased over the past century. Small island states face risks from sea level rise such as coastal flooding, damage to infrastructure, and salination of freshwater supplies. Climate change can also exacerbate health issues like temperature-related illness, diseases spread by food and water, and vector-borne diseases. The document calls for health ministries to assess climate change risks and work with other agencies to implement adaptation strategies.
Energy and Climate Change: Challenges for Science and Policybis_foresight
The document discusses three main challenges related to climate change: the scientific challenge of observing, understanding, and predicting climate behavior; the communications challenge of translating complex climate science for policymakers and the public; and the policy challenge of responding to climate risks. It provides details on trends in climate observations, the scientific consensus around human-caused warming, and impacts that could be expected at different levels of temperature rise. It also examines public opinions on climate change and options for policy responses like mitigation and adaptation.
Dr. Cynthia Rosenzweig, Senior Research Scientist, NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies Senior Research Scientist, Earth Institute at Columbia University Co-Chair Mayor Bloomberg’s Climate Change Commission Co-Director Urban Climate Change Research Network (UCCRN); National Institute for Coastal & Harbor Infrastructure, John F. Kennedy Center, Boston, Nov. 12, 2013: "The Triple Threat of Rising Sea Levels, Extreme Storms and Aging Infrastructure: Coastal Community Responses and The Federal Role" See http://www.nichiusa.org or http://www.nichi.us
IONS Seminar 2014 - Session 3 - Climate Change and Risk for Sea PortsNavy Webmaster
1. The climate is changing due to human-induced warming and the impacts will continue into the future. The ocean has absorbed over 90% of the increased heat in the Earth system since 1955.
2. Global sea levels have risen significantly since 1901 and will continue to rise more rapidly throughout the 21st century due to thermal expansion and melting ice sheets and glaciers. Regional variations will occur.
3. Impacts on Australian seaports will mainly come from increased extreme events like heatwaves, floods, and cyclones, which can damage infrastructure and disrupt operations, as seen in recent events. Port resilience and adaptation strategies are needed.
Similar to Downing climate basics to impacts 5.2018 (20)
Evolving Lifecycles with High Resolution Site Characterization (HRSC) and 3-D...Joshua Orris
The incorporation of a 3DCSM and completion of HRSC provided a tool for enhanced, data-driven, decisions to support a change in remediation closure strategies. Currently, an approved pilot study has been obtained to shut-down the remediation systems (ISCO, P&T) and conduct a hydraulic study under non-pumping conditions. A separate micro-biological bench scale treatability study was competed that yielded positive results for an emerging innovative technology. As a result, a field pilot study has commenced with results expected in nine-twelve months. With the results of the hydraulic study, field pilot studies and an updated risk assessment leading site monitoring optimization cost lifecycle savings upwards of $15MM towards an alternatively evolved best available technology remediation closure strategy.
Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...Open Access Research Paper
Water polluted by dyestuffs compounds is a global threat to health and the environment; accordingly, we prepared a green novel sorbent chemical and Physical system from an algae, chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle and impregnated with algae with chitosan nanocomposite for the sorption of Malachite green dye from water. The algae with chitosan nanocomposite by a simple method and used as a recyclable and effective adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solutions. Algae, chitosan, chitosan nanoparticle and algae with chitosan nanocomposite were characterized using different physicochemical methods. The functional groups and chemical compounds found in algae, chitosan, chitosan algae, chitosan nanoparticle, and chitosan nanoparticle with algae were identified using FTIR, SEM, and TGADTA/DTG techniques. The optimal adsorption conditions, different dosages, pH and Temperature the amount of algae with chitosan nanocomposite were determined. At optimized conditions and the batch equilibrium studies more than 99% of the dye was removed. The adsorption process data matched well kinetics showed that the reaction order for dye varied with pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity of the algae with chitosan nanocomposite toward malachite green dye reached as high as 15.5mg/g, respectively. Finally, multiple times reusing of algae with chitosan nanocomposite and removing dye from a real wastewater has made it a promising and attractive option for further practical applications.
Optimizing Post Remediation Groundwater Performance with Enhanced Microbiolog...Joshua Orris
Results of geophysics and pneumatic injection pilot tests during 2003 – 2007 yielded significant positive results for injection delivery design and contaminant mass treatment, resulting in permanent shut-down of an existing groundwater Pump & Treat system.
Accessible source areas were subsequently removed (2011) by soil excavation and treated with the placement of Emulsified Vegetable Oil EVO and zero-valent iron ZVI to accelerate treatment of impacted groundwater in overburden and weathered fractured bedrock. Post pilot test and post remediation groundwater monitoring has included analyses of CVOCs, organic fatty acids, dissolved gases and QuantArray® -Chlor to quantify key microorganisms (e.g., Dehalococcoides, Dehalobacter, etc.) and functional genes (e.g., vinyl chloride reductase, methane monooxygenase, etc.) to assess potential for reductive dechlorination and aerobic cometabolism of CVOCs.
In 2022, the first commercial application of MetaArray™ was performed at the site. MetaArray™ utilizes statistical analysis, such as principal component analysis and multivariate analysis to provide evidence that reductive dechlorination is active or even that it is slowing. This creates actionable data allowing users to save money by making important site management decisions earlier.
The results of the MetaArray™ analysis’ support vector machine (SVM) identified groundwater monitoring wells with a 80% confidence that were characterized as either Limited for Reductive Decholorination or had a High Reductive Reduction Dechlorination potential. The results of MetaArray™ will be used to further optimize the site’s post remediation monitoring program for monitored natural attenuation.
Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...Open Access Research Paper
The popularity of functional foods among scientists and common people has been increasing day by day. Awareness and modernization make the consumer think better regarding food and nutrition. Now a day’s individual knows very well about the relation between food consumption and disease prevalence. Humans have a diversity of microbes in the gut that together form the gut microflora. Probiotics are the health-promoting live microbial cells improve host health through gut and brain connection and fighting against harmful bacteria. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus are the two bacterial genera which are considered to be probiotic. These good bacteria are facing challenges of viability. There are so many factors such as sensitivity to heat, pH, acidity, osmotic effect, mechanical shear, chemical components, freezing and storage time as well which affects the viability of probiotics in the dairy food matrix as well as in the gut. Multiple efforts have been done in the past and ongoing in present for these beneficial microbial population stability until their destination in the gut. One of a useful technique known as microencapsulation makes the probiotic effective in the diversified conditions and maintain these microbe’s community to the optimum level for achieving targeted benefits. Dairy products are found to be an ideal vehicle for probiotic incorporation. It has been seen that the encapsulated microbial cells show higher viability than the free cells in different processing and storage conditions as well as against bile salts in the gut. They make the food functional when incorporated, without affecting the product sensory characteristics.
14. 1. Another record warm year, without ENSO
See animated comparison of projections: https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2018/01/why-2017-broke-
another-worrying-temperature-record/?utm_campaign=Feed%3A+inside-the-world-economic-
forum+%28Inside+The+World+Economic+Forum%29&utm_medium=feed&utm_source=feedburner
15. 2. Extreme
circulation types
Arctic bomb highlighted warm and
cold spell at end of year across US
NASA: land surface temperatures from December 26,
2017, to January 2, 2018, compared with average
temperatures over the past eight years
16. 3. Dead
seas
Red: number of oxygen
depleted zones along
coasts has increased
up to 10 times, from
less than 50 to 500
http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/e
ntry/climate-change-ocean-dead-
zones_us_5a4ff489e4b003133ec
7cc3f
17. 4. Coral reefs under attack
Time between severe bleaching events has shrunk by a factor of five
https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2018/01/coral-bleaching-reefs-climate-change-el-nino-environment/
18. 5. Atlantic hurricane season
Harvey, Maria (shown making landfall
in Puerto Rico) and Irma cause $225
billion in economic damages by some
estimates
21. 8. Flooding in Sierra Leone and China
• China:
• Yangtze floods killed 141 people and
caused $7.5 billion in damage
• Southern China floods killed 20 and
causes $4.5 billion in damages
• Sierra Leone
• Flood and mudslide worst on record
• At least 1,050 died in the Freetown
region
23. 10. Drought
in East Africa
1.8 million displaced
$1.9 billion in damages
Somali drought of 2010 to
2011 led to famine with over
250,000 deaths
24. The global and local conspire
Creating disasters
From vulnerability
TDowning@ClimateAdaptation.cc
Based on lectures at Lund University
January 2018 for Mo Hamza’s module
on climate change adaptation and disaster
risk management