Disasters-Natural Disasters -by pranav doshi
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This document discusses different types of natural disasters such as floods and cyclones. It provides details about what constitutes a flood, including common causes such as heavy rainfall. The effects of floods include loss of life, property damage, and health issues. Precautions that can be taken include emergency planning and infrastructure development. Recent case studies of floods in Mumbai in 2017 and Cyclone Ockhi that hit India's eastern coast in December 2017 are also summarized.
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Natural disasters' Impacts & Prevention
A natural disaster is a major event caused by natural hazards that affects the environment and leads to financial, environmental, and human losses. Common natural disasters include floods, tsunamis, tornadoes, hurricanes, cyclones, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, heatwaves, droughts, wildfires, landslides, blizzards, ice storms, and avalanches. Earthquakes, floods, and volcanic eruptions are among the natural disasters that cause the most deaths. Natural disasters can have significant individual, community, economic, and environmental impacts. While not all natural disasters can be prevented, understanding ecology and taking strategies from nature can help lessen their effects.
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FOR THIS PROJECT I WOULD LIKE TO THANK MY SOCIAL SCIENCE TEACHER MRS. SAYEEDA BANO MAM AS SHE HAD PROVIDED US A LOT OF EFFORTS . I WOULD ALSO LIKE TO THANK OUR PRINCIPAL MRS. K. SULEENA NAIR AS SHE GAVE US A GOLDEN OPPORTUNITY TO SHOW OUR TALENT. I WOULD ALSO LIKE TO THANK MY PARENTS AS THEY PROVIDED ME WITH ALL THE NECESSARY MATERIALS NEEDED FOR THE PROJECT.
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1. The document discusses different types of floods including flash floods, rapid onset floods, and slow onset floods.
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FOR THIS PROJECT I WOULD LIKE TO THANK MY SOCIAL SCIENCE TEACHER MRS. SAYEEDA BANO MAM AS SHE HAD PROVIDED US A LOT OF EFFORTS . I WOULD ALSO LIKE TO THANK OUR PRINCIPAL MRS. K. SULEENA NAIR AS SHE GAVE US A GOLDEN OPPORTUNITY TO SHOW OUR TALENT. I WOULD ALSO LIKE TO THANK MY PARENTS AS THEY PROVIDED ME WITH ALL THE NECESSARY MATERIALS NEEDED FOR THE PROJECT.
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Flash floods occur suddenly due to heavy rainfall over a short period of time. They are common in Malaysia, especially in urban areas where drainage systems are clogged. Common causes of flash floods include slow-moving thunderstorms, dam or levee failures, saturated ground, and urbanization which increases impervious surfaces. Flash floods can damage property and infrastructure, erode land, increase food prices, and release pollutants. Prevention methods include widening streams, protecting wetlands, placing sandbags and rocks, and building retention ponds and levees to contain excess water. Projects in Kuala Lumpur like SMART help divert flood waters and reduce flooding.
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Natural disasters are major adverse events caused by natural processes of the Earth and can include floods, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, tsunamis and other geologic events. They often result in loss of life, property damage and economic losses depending on a population's ability to recover. Some examples of specific natural disasters are tsunamis, caused by displacement of water; earthquakes, which release energy in the Earth's crust; and floods, which occur when water overflows land that is usually dry.
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The seminar report discusses different types of natural disasters including floods, droughts, cyclones, earthquakes, and landslides. For floods, it describes factors that contribute to flooding and provides tips for flood preparedness and safety after a flood. For droughts, it explains different types and impacts of droughts as well as causes. The report also defines cyclones and earthquakes, and discusses the causes and effects of landslides. Throughout, it aims to educate about various natural disasters and mitigation strategies.
Flood & Kosi
The document discusses floods, their causes, effects, and management. It notes that floods are among the most common and destructive natural hazards. The main causes of flooding include prolonged rainfall, snowmelt, volcanic eruptions, storms, dam failures, and development in floodplains. Floods can damage infrastructure and agriculture, spread disease, and cause loss of life. Management strategies aim to modify floods, susceptibility, or loss burden through structural measures like dams or non-structural measures like warning systems and zoning. India's major flood-prone states are Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, and Assam. The devastating 2008 Kosi flood in Bihar displaced millions and caused widespread damage costing over $500 million.
Disaster management
This document defines what constitutes a disaster and describes several major types of natural disasters that occur in India, including tornadoes, floods, earthquakes, tsunamis, cyclones, landslides, and droughts. It also outlines the disaster management cycle, which includes response, recovery, mitigation/prevention, and preparedness. Response involves immediate aid after a disaster, while recovery facilitates returning to normal functioning. Mitigation and prevention aim to reduce future impacts. Preparedness refers to plans, warnings, and public awareness to enable effective response.
Floods
The document discusses floods in India, including definitions, causes, impacts, management strategies, and case studies. It provides an overview of flood types, forecasting methods, zoning, and benefits. Major factors that cause floods are described. Impacts include loss of life, property damage, health issues, and economic disruption. Management involves mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery. Case studies of specific flood events in India are also presented.
Pollution control
here I briefly discuss about the leading problem of world i-e Pollution and its impacts on environment
Water disasters
Water disasters can cause significant damage and loss of life. They include tsunamis, caused by earthquakes that create huge waves; droughts, which are periods of abnormally dry weather; floods, resulting from excessive rainfall that causes high water; ice storms, where freezing rain coats surfaces with ice; avalanches, sudden flows of snow down slopes; and hailstorms, thunderstorms that produce large balls of ice. These disasters can be detected and measures taken to mitigate damage, such as tsunami warning systems, dams to control flooding, and controlled avalanches. However, when severe they often cause destruction of property, crops, infrastructure and loss of human life.
Unit 3 DM.pptx
Detailed information about Natural Disasters in two categories:
1. Hydro-meterological Disasters
2. Geological Disasters
Weather related disasters
The document discusses different types of weather-related disasters including floods, cyclones, and drought. It provides details on each type of disaster such as the definition of a flood and factors that can cause flooding. For coping with and preparing for each disaster, it recommends maintaining infrastructure like river embankments, having evacuation plans and shelters, following warnings from officials, and growing drought-resistant crops. Specific tips are given for flood and drought preparedness and conservation such as checking for leaks, using water efficiently, and not flushing trash.
Unit 3 Hydrological extremes.pptx
This document discusses hydrological extremes such as floods and droughts. It begins by defining different types of floods such as flash floods, river floods, and coastal floods. It then discusses the common causes of floods including heavy rainfall, capacity of soil infiltration, increased discharge in streams, and deforestation. The document also covers types of drought including meteorological, agricultural, hydrological, and socio-economic drought. It provides details on flood and drought management through various control measures such as storage reservoirs and channel improvement.
Flood Disaster, Vulnerability and Flood Resilience_ Prevention and Disaster ...
Floods are the most common natural disaster in Nigeria. They can devastate communities and cause massive economic losses. Vulnerability to floods is influenced by location, population density, infrastructure, and land use planning. Building flood resilience requires prevention through measures like flood barriers and drainage systems. It also requires early warning systems, disaster risk reduction, and community preparedness. Success stories demonstrate how measures like raised housing, pumps, and green infrastructure can effectively manage flood risks.
Natural calamaties
This document discusses natural calamities and disaster management. It begins with an introduction to disaster management and the role of government agencies. It then discusses various types of natural calamities including tornadoes, extreme temperatures, droughts, wildfires, volcanic eruptions, cyclones, earthquakes, floods, and tsunamis. For each calamity, it provides examples and details impacts. It also shares the presenter's personal experiences responding to an earthquake in Uttarkashi, India and lessons learned around disaster response and management. Overall, the document aims to raise awareness of natural disasters and the importance of preparedness and coordination to minimize loss of life and property.
Natural disaster
There are differences between natural disasters and man-made social problems. Natural disasters are caused by natural forces like earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, etc. while man-made problems are caused by human activities like accidents, wars, terrorism. Natural disasters tend to disproportionately impact poorer countries and communities that have less ability to prepare for and respond to disasters due to lack of resources and infrastructure. While disasters may initially seem purely natural, human activities can exacerbate their impacts through issues like environmental degradation, lack of disaster planning, and unequal social vulnerabilities. It is important to consider both the natural and human factors that contribute to disasters.
Natural disaster
This document discusses the differences between natural problems and social problems. It provides examples of natural disasters like earthquakes, tsunamis, hurricanes, floods, volcanic eruptions, and avalanches. It explains that while the causes of these disasters may be natural phenomena, the impact and damage is often exacerbated by human factors like poverty, lack of infrastructure, and environmental degradation. For social problems, it notes that a social problem is defined as an undesirable condition that threatens people's quality of life and values. Social problems result from issues related to a society's perceptions and norms. The document contrasts natural disasters with social issues.
Disaster & Types of Disaster
This ppt explained what is disaster and what are the common types of disaster. Then it explains the natural disasters like Flood, earthquake, tsunami, drought, landslides, heat & cold waves, thunderstorm etc....
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Water contamination is one of the major causes of water borne diseases worldwide. In Kenya, approximately 43% of people lack access to potable water due to human contamination. River Kuywa water is currently experiencing contamination due to human activities. Its water is widely used for domestic, agricultural, industrial and recreational purposes. This study aimed at characterizing bacteria and fungi in river Kuywa water. Water samples were randomly collected from four sites of the river: site A (Matisi), site B (Ngwelo), site C (Nzoia water pump) and site D (Chalicha), during the dry season (January-March 2018) and wet season (April-July 2018) and were transported to Maseno University Microbiology and plant pathology laboratory for analysis. The characterization and identification of bacteria and fungi were carried out using standard microbiological techniques. Nine bacterial genera and three fungi were identified from Kuywa river water. Clostridium spp., Staphylococcus spp., Enterobacter spp., Streptococcus spp., E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Shigella spp., Proteus spp. and Salmonella spp. Fungi were Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus flavus complex and Penicillium species. Wet season recorded highest bacterial and fungal counts (6.61-7.66 and 3.83-6.75cfu/ml) respectively. The results indicated that the river Kuywa water is polluted and therefore unsafe for human consumption before treatment. It is therefore recommended that the communities to ensure that they boil water especially for drinking.
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Increasing urbanization, rural–urban migration, rising standards of living, and rapid development associated with population growth have resulted in increased solid waste generation by industrial, domestic and other activities in Nairobi City. It has been noted in other contexts too that increasing population, changing consumption patterns, economic development, changing income, urbanization and industrialization all contribute to the increased generation of waste.
With the increasing urban population in Kenya, which is estimated to be growing at a rate higher than that of the country’s general population, waste generation and management is already a major challenge. The industrialization and urbanization process in the country, dominated by one major city – Nairobi, which has around four times the population of the next largest urban centre (Mombasa) – has witnessed an exponential increase in the generation of solid waste. It is projected that by 2030, about 50 per cent of the Kenyan population will be urban.
Aim:
A healthy, safe, secure and sustainable solid waste management system fit for a world – class city.
Improve and protect the public health of Nairobi residents and visitors.
Ecological health, diversity and productivity and maximize resource recovery through the participatory approach.
Goals:
Build awareness and capacity for source separation as essential components of sustainable waste management.
Build new environmentally sound infrastructure and systems for safe disposal of residual waste and replacing current dumpsites which should be commissioned.
Current solid waste management situation:
The status.
Solid waste generation rate is at 2240 tones / day
collection efficiently is at about 50%.
Actors i.e. city authorities, CBO’s , private firms and self-disposal
Current SWM Situation in Nairobi City:
Solid waste generation – collection – dumping
Good Practices:
• Separation – recycling – marketing.
• Open dumpsite dandora dump site through public education on source separation of waste, of which the situation can be reversed.
• Nairobi is one of the C40 cities in this respect , various actors in the solid waste management space have adopted a variety of technologies to reduce short lived climate pollutants including source separation , recycling , marketing of the recycled products.
• Through the network, it should expect to benefit from expertise of the different actors in the network in terms of applicable technologies and practices in reducing the short-lived climate pollutants.
Good practices:
Despite the dismal collection of solid waste in Nairobi city, there are practices and activities of informal actors (CBOs, CBO-SACCOs and yard shop operators) and other formal industrial actors on solid waste collection, recycling and waste reduction.
Practices and activities of these actor groups are viewed as innovations with the potential to change the way solid waste is handled.
CHALLENGES:
• Resource Allocation.
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学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(lboro毕业证书)拉夫堡大学毕业证学历证书》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
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一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
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Disasters-Natural Disasters -by pranav doshi
- 1. 1 Efforts by - Pranav Doshi Standard - 9 B (ICSE) Roll Number- 05
- 2. 2
- 3. 3 A disaster is a sudden, calamitous event that seriously disrupts the functioning of a community or society and causes human, material and economy or environmental losses that exceed the community’s or societies' ability to cope using its own resources. Though often caused by nature, disasters can have human origins What is a disaster ?
- 4. 4 Types of disasters Natural Disaster Natural disaster are the events caused by natural forces Man-made Disaster Man-made disaster are the cries caused by a human act, intentionally or unintentionally
- 6. 6 Types of Natural Disasters • Tornadoes and Severe Storms. • Hurricanes and Tropical Storms. • Floods. • Wildfires. • Earthquakes. • Drought.
- 7. 7
- 8. 8 What is flood ? A flood is overflow or inundate of water on land that is normally dry
- 9. 9 Reasons • Floods are generally occur as a result of bad weather( storm, cyclones or thunderstorm, heavy rain ) • Melting of snow or ice • Sudden discharge of water • These events lead to rise in water level of major riverbeds or to an accumulation of flow water, to the resurgence of underground rivers to thaws in low laying areas adjoining streams banks or river estuaries.
- 10. 10 Effects • A large number of people lose their lives. • Thousands lose their houses and property • Business are disturbed • banks are closed • Outbreak of epidermises • Damage of food crops that results in shortage of food
- 11. 11 Precautions • Build an emergency kit and make a family communications plan. • Permanent monitoring of risk of floods • Building and developing infrastructure that will prevent or avoid floods • Forming well trained equipped management • Lowering water levels in hydraulic dams
- 12. 12 After the floods • Keep calm, do not panic • Check and see if any injured person in vicinity and if possible help them • Do not use telephones unnecessary • Collaborate in identification of bodies • Make yourself available with rehabilitation work
- 13. 13 Recent Case Study • The 2017 Mumbai Floods refer o the flooding heavy rain on 29 th August 2017 • India’s financial capital went under more than 200mm rainfall - the equivalent of 11 days and daily monsoon rainfall for 12 hours • Transport systems were un available though many parts of the city like trains, roadways were shut down. • Power was cut off from many parts to prevent electrocution
- 14. 14
- 15. 15 What is Cyclone ? • Cyclones are low pressure area that occur over warm ocean water of temperate or tropical regions • They are accompanied by heavy rain ,huge waves and powerful wind blowing at high velocity(300km/h)
- 16. 16 Formation of cyclones • A cyclone is formed when a warm temperate water of the sea reaches a threshold level and wind structure is raising. • In other words, tropical cyclones derive energy from the warm tropical oceans and form when temperature exceed 26.5 degree Celsius
- 17. 17 Effects • Main effect includes heavy rain, strong winds, large storms surges at landfall • The destruction of surrounding • Standing water causes spread of diseases • Transportation is destroyed, hampering rescue effects
- 18. 18 Precautions • Turn off electricity, gas, water, unplug all applications • Keep your emergency kit close at hand • Bring your family into the strongest part of your house • Keep listening to radio • If outside the house stay under strong table or bench or hold onto a solid fixture like water pipe
- 19. 19 After the Cyclone • Check for gas leaks • Beware of damage power lines, bridges, buildings, trees and don’t enter floods • Don’t go outside until officially advice • If you have to evacuate don’t return until advised
- 20. 20 Recent Case Study • On December 12 2017,vardh weekend into several cyclones, before making landfall over the eastern coast of India close to Chennai, Tamil Nadu, with wind speed 105 km/h. • Due to fractional forces the system degenerated into a well-marked low pressure around midday of 13 December and moved out of Karnataka into Arabian sea
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