Introduction to Physiological and pathological role of serotonin
Autocoids, Classification, synthesis ,Serotonergic receptors, Physiological actions, Pathophysiological role
Presented by
K.Firdous banu
Department of Pharmacology
Introduction to Physiological and pathological role of serotonin
Autocoids, Classification, synthesis ,Serotonergic receptors, Physiological actions, Pathophysiological role
Presented by
K.Firdous banu
Department of Pharmacology
Presentation is about different types of dopaminergic receptors, dopamiergic pathway, its different functions, agonists, antagonists and various disorders associated with it along with its treatment.
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My presentation on neurotransmitter glutamate. References from Comprehensive textbook of psychiatry 9th edition and Stahl's essential psychopharmacology 4th edition.
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The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
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2. Contents
Dopamine
Biosynthesis of dopamine
Functions of dopamine
Dopaminergic pathways
Dopamine receptors
Dopamine agonists
Dopamine antagonists
Dopamine related diseases
3. Dopamine
Dopamine is a monoamine neurotransmitter
that upon binding to a dopamine receptor
releases a variety of downstream signals.
4. Biosynthesis of dopamine
Dopamine is synthesized in a restricted set of cell type
called dopaminergic neurons.
The metabolic pathway is: -
L-Tyrosine
L-DOPA
Dopamine
5. Functions of dopamine
Some of its notable functions are in:
Movement
Memory
Pleasurable reward
Behavior and cognition
Inhibition of prolactin production
Nausea and vomiting
6. Dopaminergic pathway
• Nigrostriatal pathway- substantia nigra to the caudate
putamen (dorsal striatum) , primarily associated with motor
acivity
• Mesolimbic pathways- VTA to the limbic areas of the
brain (accumbens, ventral striatum and amygdala), associated
with cognition and behavior
• Mesocortical pathway-VTA to the cortex (medial,
prefrontal, cingulate and entorhinal cortex), associated with
reward and schizophrenia
• Tuberoinfundibular pathway- arcuate and
periventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus to the intermediate
lobe of the pituitary and the median eminence, inhibitory
control of prolactin
9. Dopamine Receptor Subtypes
D1- like family :
• Includes subtypes D1 and D5
• Activation is coupled to Gs ; activates adenylyl cyclase
which leads to increase in concentration of cAMP
• These receptor genes do not contain introns in their
coding genes
D2- like family :
• Includes D2, D3 and D4
• Activation is coupled to Gi; inhibits adenylyl cyclase
leading in decreased concentration of cAMP
• Genes that encodes these receptors contain introns
13. Dopamine related diseases
Parkinson’s disease
Caused by the loss of dopaminargic neurons in the
substantia nigra.
• Signs and symptoms-
Rigidity, tremors, bradykinesia
Schizophrenia
Hyperactive dopaminergic signal transduction
• Signs and symptoms-
Hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking and
speech
14. Drug addiction
Dopamine is the primary neurotransmitter involved in the
reward pathway in the brain.
Recreational drugs (cocaine and substituted amphetamines)
inhibit the dopamine transporter (DAT), the protein responsible for
removing dopamine from the neural synapse.
synapse floods with dopamine
increases dopaminergic signaling (particularly in nucleus accumbens)
mediates the "rewarding" stimulus of drug intake.
15. Attention-deficit hyperactivity
disorder
Due to decreased level of dopamine
• Signs and symptoms
Impaired cognitive control, attentional control, inhibitory
control, forgetting things or missing details
16. References
Marsden A. Charles, “Dopamine: the rewarding years”,
British Journal Pharmacology, published online 2008 Jan
9, doi- 10.1038/sj.bjp.0706473
Missale Cristina, Nash S. Russel, “ Dopamine
Receptor:From structure to function”, Physiological
Reviews, Published 1 Jan 1998, vol. 78, no. 1, 189-225
Brisch Ralf, Saniotis Arthur,”The Role of Dopamine in
Schizophrenia fron a Neurobiological and Evolutionary
Perspective: old fashioned but still in vogye”, Published
online 2014 May 19, doi. 10.3389/fpsyt 2014.00047