30. 30
ĆoĆ ng ThuaƤn cuĆ»a caĆ¹c ChuyeĆ¢n Gia
BaĆ»ng 15. KhuyeĆ”n caĆ¹o veĆ sƶƻ duĆÆng cheĆÆn beĆ¢ta trong loaĆÆn nhĆ²p tim (TL 2)
ChƦ Ć±Ć²nh LoaĆÆi MĆ¶Ć¹c chĆ¶Ć¹ng cĆ¶Ć¹
LoaĆÆn nhĆ²p treĆ¢n thaĆ”t
NhĆ²p xoang nhanh I C
NhĆ²p nhanh nhĆ³ ƱƓn oĆ„, ƱeĆ„ chuyeĆ„n
nhĆ²p
IIa C
NhĆ²p nhanh nhĆ³ ƱƓn oĆ„, ƱeĆ„ phoĆøng
ngƶĆøa taĆ¹i dieĆ£n
I B
NhĆ²p nhanh vaĆøo laĆÆi nuĆ¹t nhĆ³ thaĆ”t I C
NhĆ²p nhanh boƤ noĆ”i ƱƓn oĆ„ IIa C
NhĆ²p nhanh boƤ noĆ”i khoĆ¢ng kĆ²ch
phaĆ¹t
IIa C
HoƤi chĆ¶Ć¹ng Wolf-Parkinson-White
keĆøm loaĆÆn nhĆ²p coĆ¹ trieƤu chĆ¶Ć¹ng
IIa C
CuoĆ ng nhĆ³
KieĆ„m soaĆ¹t taĆ n soĆ” thaĆ”t cuoĆ ng nhĆ³,
dung naĆÆp keĆ¹m
IIa C
KieĆ„m soaĆ¹t taĆ n soĆ” thaĆ”t cuoĆ ng nhĆ³,
dung naĆÆp toĆ”t
I C
Rung nhĆ³ (ESC/AHA/ACC)
PhoĆøng ngƶĆøa (sau NMCT, suy tim,
THA, haƤu phaĆ£u, sau chuyeĆ„n nhĆ²p
I A
KieĆ„m soaĆ¹t laĆ¢u daĆøi taĆ n soĆ” tim I B
KieĆ„m soaĆ¹t caĆ”p taĆ n soĆ” tim I A
ChuyeĆ„n nhĆ²p xoang IIa B
PhoĆ”i hĆ“ĆÆp digoxin, ƱeĆ„ kieĆ„m soaĆ¹t
taĆ n soĆ” tim
IIa A
KieĆ„m soaĆ¹t caĆ”p taĆ n soĆ” tim/suy tim IIb C
LoaĆÆn nhĆ²p thaĆ”t
KieĆ„m soaĆ¹t loaĆÆn nhĆ²p sĆ“Ć¹m sau
NMCT (tim maĆÆch)
I A
KieĆ„m soaĆ¹t loaĆÆn nhĆ²p muoƤn sau
NMCT
I A
PhoĆøng ngƶĆøa ƱoƤt tƶƻ trong suy tim
vaĆø sau NMCT
I A
32. 32
ĆoĆ ng ThuaƤn cuĆ»a caĆ¹c ChuyeĆ¢n Gia
BaĆ»ng 16. KhuyeĆ”n caĆ¹o veĆ sƶƻ duĆÆng cheĆÆn beĆ¢ta trong phoĆøng ngƶĆøa ƱoƤt tƶƻ
BeƤnh ChƦ Ć±Ć²nh LoaĆÆi MĆ¶Ć¹c
chĆ¶Ć¹ng cĆ¶Ć¹
NMCT PhoĆøng ngƶĆøa tieĆ¢n phaĆ¹t I A
Sau NMCT PhoĆøng ngƶĆøa tieĆ¢n phaĆ¹t, khi coĆ¹
suy tim hoaĆ«c roĆ”i loaĆÆn chĆ¶Ć¹c
naĆŖng thaĆ”t traĆ¹i
I A
Sau NMCT PhoĆøng ngƶĆøa tieĆ¢n phaĆ¹t trong
vaĆø sau NMCT
I A
Sau NMCT Rung thaĆ”t/nhĆ²p nhanh thaĆ”t
ƱƶƓĆÆc cĆ¶Ć¹u soĆ”ng; nhĆ²p
nhanh thaĆ”t keĆ¹o daĆøi
IIa C
Suy tim PhoĆøng ngƶĆøa tieĆ¢n phaĆ¹t hoaĆ«c thĆ¶Ć¹
phaĆ¹t
I A
BeƤnh cƓ tim
daƵn nƓƻ
PhoĆøng ngƶĆøa tieĆ¢n phaĆ¹t hoaĆ«c thĆ¶Ć¹
phaĆ¹t
I B
CaĆ u cĆ“ ĆMV PhoĆøng ngƶĆøa tieĆ¢n phaĆ¹t IIa C
HoƤi chĆ¶Ć¹ng QT
daĆøi
PhoĆøng ngƶĆøa tieĆ¢n phaĆ¹t, trieƤu
chĆ¶Ć¹ng cĆ“ naĆŖng
I B
HoƤi chĆ¶Ć¹ng QT
daĆøi
PhoĆøng ngƶĆøa thĆ¶Ć¹ phaĆ¹t: cheĆÆn
beĆ¢ta + ICD
I C
HoƤi chĆ¶Ć¹ng QT
daĆøi
PhoĆøng ngƶĆøa tieĆ¢n phaĆ¹t khoĆ¢ng
trieƤu chĆ¶Ć¹ng
IIa C
NhĆ²p nhanh
thaĆ”t cƶƓĆøng
atecholamine
PhoĆøng ngƶĆøa tieĆ¢n phaĆ¹t hoaĆ«c
thĆ¶Ć¹ phaĆ¹t
IIa C
BeƤnh cƓ tim
thaƔt phaƻi
PhoĆøng ngƶĆøa tieĆ¢n phaĆ¹t IIb C
BeƤnh nhaĆ¢n
ƱaĆ«t maĆ¹y phaĆ¹
rung
PhoĆøng ngƶĆøa thĆ¶Ć¹ phaĆ¹t IIa C
33. 33
ThuoĆ”c cheĆÆn beĆ¢ta trong beƤnh tim maĆÆch vaĆø noƤi khoa
3.6. BoĆ¹c taĆ¹ch ƱoƤng maĆÆch chuĆ» (Aortic dissection)
CheĆÆn beĆ¢ta laĆø thuoĆ”c lƶĆÆa choĆÆn ƱaĆ u tieĆ¢n trong ƱieĆ u trĆ² THA coĆ¹ keĆøm boĆ¹c
taĆ¹ch ƱoƤng maĆÆch chuĆ» (loaĆÆi I, mĆ¶Ć¹c chĆ¶Ć¹ng cĆ¶Ć¹ C) (45). Trong ƱieĆ u trĆ² caĆ”p
cĆ¶Ć¹u thƶƓĆøng duĆøng cheĆÆn beĆ¢ta tieĆ¢m maĆÆch. Khi cheĆÆn beĆ¢ta ƱƓn ƱoƤc khoĆ¢ng
ƱuĆ» kieĆ„m soaĆ¹t huyeĆ”t aĆ¹p, coĆ¹ theĆ„ phoĆ”i hĆ“ĆÆp vĆ“Ć¹i sodium nitroprusside TTM,
hoaĆ«c Nicardipine TTM. Trong ƱieĆ u trĆ² duy trƬ laĆ¢u daĆøi beƤnh nhaĆ¢n THA
keĆøm boĆ¹c taĆ¹ch ĆMC, coĆ¹ theĆ„ phoĆ”i hĆ“ĆÆp cheĆÆn beĆ¢ta vĆ“Ć¹i Ć¶Ć¹c cheĆ” men chuyeĆ„n
hoaĆ«c cheĆÆn thuĆÆ theĆ„ angiotensin II hoaĆ«c Ć¶Ć¹c cheĆ” calci nhoĆ¹m dihydropyrisine.
3.7. CheĆÆn beĆ¢ta treĆ¢n phuĆÆ nƶƵ coĆ¹ thai
CheĆÆn beĆ¢ta ƱaƵ ƱƶƓĆÆc sƶƻ duĆÆng treĆ¢n phuĆÆ nƶƵ coĆ¹ thai khoĆ¢ng laĆøm taĆŖng dĆ² taƤt
thai nhi. ChƦ Ć±Ć²nh cheĆÆn beĆ¢ta treĆ¢n phuĆÆ nƶƵ coĆ¹ thai bao goĆ m ƱieĆ u trĆ² beƤnh
taĆŖng huyeĆ”t aĆ¹p, heĆÆp van 2 laĆ¹, beƤnh tim TMCB, loaĆÆn nhĆ²p thaĆ”t vaĆø loaĆÆn
nhĆ²p treĆ¢n thaĆ”t (46); thuoĆ”c coĆ¹ theĆ„ sƶƻ duĆÆng lieĆ¢n tuĆÆc ƱeĆ”n khi sinh con.
3.8. CheĆÆn beĆ¢ta treĆ¢n beƤnh nhaĆ¢n cƶƓĆøng giaĆ¹p
BeƤnh nhaĆ¢n cƶƓĆøng giaĆ¹p thƶƓĆøng coĆ¹ bieĆ„u hieƤn hoĆ i hoƤp, tim ƱaƤp nhanh
do nhĆ²p xoang nhanh hoaĆ«c rung nhĆ³ coĆ¹ taĆ n soĆ” thaĆ”t nhanh. CheĆÆn beĆ¢ta raĆ”t
hieƤu quaĆ» trong giaĆ»m trieƤu chĆ¶Ć¹ng tim vaĆø giaĆ»m taĆ n soĆ” thaĆ”t. LieĆ u lƶƓĆÆng
thuoĆ”c coĆ¹ theĆ„ giaĆ»m daĆ n roĆ i ngƶng khi ƱieĆ u trĆ² khaĆ¹ng giaĆ¹p (thuoĆ”c, Iode 131
ā¦
Iode phoĆ¹ng xaĆÆ) ƱaƵ coĆ¹ hieƤu quaĆ»
3.9. CheĆÆn beĆ¢ta treĆ¢n beƤnh nhaĆ¢n roĆ”i loaĆÆn thaĆ n kinh tim
RoĆ”i loaĆÆn thaĆ n kinh tim (cardiac neurosis) hay roĆ”i loaĆÆn thaĆ n kinh thƶĆÆc
vaƤt laĆø tƬnh traĆÆng xaĆ¹o troƤn chĆ¶Ć¹c naĆŖng tim. BeƤnh nhaĆ¢n coĆ¹ theĆ„ coĆ¹ bieĆ„u hieƤn
lo sĆ“ĆÆ, hoĆ i hoƤp hoaĆ«c caĆ»m giaĆ¹c huĆÆt hĆ“i thĆ“Ć», phaĆ»i hĆt saĆ¢u mĆ“Ć¹i deĆ£ chĆ²u. ChaĆ„n
ƱoaĆ¹n chƦ ƱƶƓĆÆc thƶĆÆc hieƤn khi ƱaƵ loaĆÆi boĆ» taĆ”t caĆ» caĆ¹c beƤnh thƶĆÆc theĆ„ tim maĆÆch
vaĆø noƤi khoa. CheĆÆn beĆ¢ta lieĆ u thaĆ”p coĆ¹ hieƤu quaĆ» giaĆ»m trieƤu chĆ¶Ć¹ng hoĆ i hoƤp,
lo sĆ“ĆÆ Ć“Ć» caĆ¹c beƤnh nhaĆ¢n naĆøy, caĆ¹c bieƤn phaĆ¹p ƱieĆ u trĆ² keĆ”t hĆ“ĆÆp khaĆ¹c baĆØng
thuoĆ”c hay thay ƱoĆ„i loĆ”i soĆ”ng raĆ”t caĆ n thieĆ”t.
34. 34
ĆoĆ ng ThuaƤn cuĆ»a caĆ¹c ChuyeĆ¢n Gia
3.10. CheĆÆn beĆ¢ta trong phoĆøng ngƶĆøa bieĆ”n coĆ” chu phaĆ£u, phaĆ£u thuaƤt
ngoaĆøi tim beƤnh nhaĆ¢n tim maĆÆch
Trong thĆ“Ćøi kyĆø chu phaĆ£u, noĆ ng ƱoƤ catecholamine trong maĆ¹u beƤnh
nhaĆ¢n taĆŖng, do ƱoĆ¹ taĆŖng taĆ n soĆ” tim vaĆø taĆŖng co cĆ“ tim, haƤu quaĆ» laĆø taĆŖng tieĆ¢u
thuĆÆ oxygen cĆ“ tim, cheĆÆn beĆ¢ta giuĆ¹p giaĆ»m taĆ n soĆ” tim do ƱoĆ¹ keĆ¹o daĆøi kyĆø taĆ¢m
trƶƓng vaĆø giaĆ»m co cĆ“ tim. HĆ“n nƶƵa cheĆÆn beĆ¢ta giuĆ¹p taĆ¹i phaĆ¢n phoĆ”i maĆ¹u
veĆ noƤi maĆÆc cĆ“ tim, oĆ„n Ć±Ć²nh maĆ»ng xĆ“ vƶƵa vaĆø taĆŖng ngƶƓƵng gaĆ¢y ra rung
thaĆ”t (47). NghieĆ¢n cĆ¶Ć¹u DECREASE (Dutch Echocardiographic Cardiac
Risk Evaluating Applying Stress Echo) chĆ¶Ć¹ng minh bisoprolol sƶƻ duĆÆng
tƶĆø 1 tuaĆ n leĆ£ trĆ¶Ć“Ć¹c phaĆ£u thuaƤt ngoaĆøi tim, chƦnh lieĆ u lƶƓĆÆng theo taĆ n soĆ” tim
giuĆ¹p giaĆ»m bieĆ”n coĆ” nhoĆ i maĆ¹u cĆ“ tim chu phaĆ£u vaĆø giaĆ»m tƶƻ vong (48). CaĆ¹c
nghieĆ¢n cĆ¶Ć¹u khaĆ¹c sƶƻ duĆÆng atenolol hoaĆ«c metoprolol khoĆ¢ng cho keĆ”t quaĆ»
coĆ¹ lĆ“ĆÆi nhƶ bisoprolol (49) (HƬnh 6). CaĆ n chuĆ¹ yĆ¹ laĆø tĆnh choĆÆn loĆÆc beĆ¢ta 1
cuĆ»a bisoprolol cao nhaĆ”t 75/1, trong khi metoprolol vaĆø atenolol choĆÆn loĆÆc
beĆ¢ta 1 keĆ¹m hĆ“n.
HƬnh 6. HieƤu quaĆ» trong 30 ngaĆøy cuĆ»a cheĆÆn beĆ¢ta treĆ¢n nhoĆ i maĆ¹u cĆ“ tim
khoĆ¢ng tƶƻ vong vaĆø tƶƻ vong chung dƶĆÆa treĆ¢n 7 nghieĆ¢n cĆ¶Ć¹u phaĆ¢n phoĆ”i ngaĆ£u
nhieĆ¢n (TL 49).
35. 35
ThuoĆ”c cheĆÆn beĆ¢ta trong beƤnh tim maĆÆch vaĆø noƤi khoa
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ChĆ²u traĆ¹ch nhieƤm xuaĆ”t baĆ»n:
HOAĆNG TROĆNG QUANG
TRAĆN THUĆY HOĆNG
BieĆ¢n taƤp:
MINH HAĆ
TrƬnh baĆøy bƬa:
ĆOĆNG GIAO DESIGN
In 5.000 cuoĆ”n khoĆ„ 14,5x20,5cm taĆÆi CoĆ¢ng ty CP In Thanh NieĆ¢n, 62 TraĆ n Huy LieƤu,
Q. PhuĆ¹ NhuaƤn, TP HCM. SoĆ” ƱaĆŖng kyĆ¹ keĆ” hoaĆÆch xuaĆ”t baĆ»n: 38-2011/CXB/212-191/YH
ngaĆøy 04/01/2011. SoĆ” xuaĆ”t baĆ»n: 03/QĆ-YH ngaĆøy 05/01/2011.
In xong vaĆø noƤp lƶu chieĆ„u quyĆ¹ II/2011