DNA part 4
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
0 likes•297 views
this is my own understanding , if u see any mistakes please feel free to contact me email : xanaf05@hotmail.com thnks
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Repication I
This document discusses DNA structure and DNA replication. It explains that DNA is made up of nucleotides consisting of deoxyribose, a nitrogen base, and phosphate. DNA forms a double helix structure held together by hydrogen bonds between complementary bases. Rosalind Franklin and James Watson and Francis Crick discovered the double helix structure of DNA. The document also describes how DNA replication occurs through the use of enzymes like helicase, primase, DNA polymerase and DNA ligase. It explains that the leading strand is replicated continuously while the lagging strand is replicated discontinuously in Okazaki fragments.
Clase 4 Diplomado Quimica Ambiental UdeC
The document summarizes key aspects of DNA structure and replication. It describes DNA as a double helix with a diameter of 2 nm and bases stacked 0.34 nm apart. It also outlines the four main types of DNA structures and explains that replication is semi-conservative and involves enzymes like DNA polymerase and primase to synthesize new strands from existing templates.
Life is a puzzle
DNA and the Genetic Basis of Life. Museum of Science and Industry, Chicago. Teacher Education Course. All About You.
Dna structure & central dogma
DNA contains the genetic instructions for making proteins and is found in all living organisms. It exists as a double helix structure with two strands bonded together via hydrogen bonds between complementary nucleotide bases. DNA stores and transmits genetic information from one generation of cells to the next through replication and protein production. It is studied for its central role in heredity and importance to life, as well as potential medical benefits like disease cures.
1.1 dna and genes
The document summarizes key aspects of DNA and chromosomes. It explains that chromosomes in cells contain long strings of DNA which carry genes that code for different traits. DNA is made up of a twisted ladder-like double helix structure, with sugars and phosphates forming the backbone and four bases - adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine - forming rungs between the strands via complementary base pairing. Genes on chromosomes are sections of DNA that code for particular characteristics.
Deoxyribonucleic acid
This document summarizes key aspects of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). It describes DNA as a double-stranded molecule that forms a right-handed helix. The document outlines the historical discoveries of DNA's structure, including Rosalind Franklin's X-ray crystallography analysis and Watson and Crick's proposal of the double helix model in 1953. It then details the structure of DNA, including the sugar-phosphate backbone, nitrogenous bases, base pairing, and different DNA forms (A, B, and Z DNA).
What is DNA
DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid is considered the molecular blueprint of life. It is a double-stranded molecule consisting of two molecular chains wrapped around each other. Each strand contains a series of bases - adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine - connected by a sugar-phosphate backbone. The order of these bases determines the sequence, with complementary sequences on each strand such that adenine pairs with thymine and cytosine pairs with guanine. DNA contains the instructions needed for organisms to grow, develop, survive, and reproduce by controlling protein synthesis.
Dna structure
The document discusses the structure and composition of DNA. It explains that DNA contains the blueprint of life in the form of instructions for making proteins. DNA has a double helix shape with two strands coiled around each other. Each strand consists of repeating nucleotide units containing a phosphate, deoxyribose sugar, and one of four nitrogenous bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, or thymine. The bases on each strand bond with each other through hydrogen bonds, with adenine bonding only to thymine and cytosine bonding only to guanine. This ensures the fidelity of DNA replication and transmission of genetic information from parent cells to daughter cells.
Recommended
Repication I
This document discusses DNA structure and DNA replication. It explains that DNA is made up of nucleotides consisting of deoxyribose, a nitrogen base, and phosphate. DNA forms a double helix structure held together by hydrogen bonds between complementary bases. Rosalind Franklin and James Watson and Francis Crick discovered the double helix structure of DNA. The document also describes how DNA replication occurs through the use of enzymes like helicase, primase, DNA polymerase and DNA ligase. It explains that the leading strand is replicated continuously while the lagging strand is replicated discontinuously in Okazaki fragments.
Clase 4 Diplomado Quimica Ambiental UdeC
The document summarizes key aspects of DNA structure and replication. It describes DNA as a double helix with a diameter of 2 nm and bases stacked 0.34 nm apart. It also outlines the four main types of DNA structures and explains that replication is semi-conservative and involves enzymes like DNA polymerase and primase to synthesize new strands from existing templates.
Life is a puzzle
DNA and the Genetic Basis of Life. Museum of Science and Industry, Chicago. Teacher Education Course. All About You.
Dna structure & central dogma
DNA contains the genetic instructions for making proteins and is found in all living organisms. It exists as a double helix structure with two strands bonded together via hydrogen bonds between complementary nucleotide bases. DNA stores and transmits genetic information from one generation of cells to the next through replication and protein production. It is studied for its central role in heredity and importance to life, as well as potential medical benefits like disease cures.
1.1 dna and genes
The document summarizes key aspects of DNA and chromosomes. It explains that chromosomes in cells contain long strings of DNA which carry genes that code for different traits. DNA is made up of a twisted ladder-like double helix structure, with sugars and phosphates forming the backbone and four bases - adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine - forming rungs between the strands via complementary base pairing. Genes on chromosomes are sections of DNA that code for particular characteristics.
Deoxyribonucleic acid
This document summarizes key aspects of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). It describes DNA as a double-stranded molecule that forms a right-handed helix. The document outlines the historical discoveries of DNA's structure, including Rosalind Franklin's X-ray crystallography analysis and Watson and Crick's proposal of the double helix model in 1953. It then details the structure of DNA, including the sugar-phosphate backbone, nitrogenous bases, base pairing, and different DNA forms (A, B, and Z DNA).
What is DNA
DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid is considered the molecular blueprint of life. It is a double-stranded molecule consisting of two molecular chains wrapped around each other. Each strand contains a series of bases - adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine - connected by a sugar-phosphate backbone. The order of these bases determines the sequence, with complementary sequences on each strand such that adenine pairs with thymine and cytosine pairs with guanine. DNA contains the instructions needed for organisms to grow, develop, survive, and reproduce by controlling protein synthesis.
Dna structure
The document discusses the structure and composition of DNA. It explains that DNA contains the blueprint of life in the form of instructions for making proteins. DNA has a double helix shape with two strands coiled around each other. Each strand consists of repeating nucleotide units containing a phosphate, deoxyribose sugar, and one of four nitrogenous bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, or thymine. The bases on each strand bond with each other through hydrogen bonds, with adenine bonding only to thymine and cytosine bonding only to guanine. This ensures the fidelity of DNA replication and transmission of genetic information from parent cells to daughter cells.
Dna structure1
The document discusses the structure and composition of DNA. It explains that DNA contains the blueprint of life in the form of instructions for making proteins. DNA has a double helix shape with two strands coiled around each other. Each strand consists of repeating nucleotide units containing a phosphate, deoxyribose sugar, and one of four nitrogenous bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, or thymine. The bases on each strand bond with each other through hydrogen bonds, with adenine bonding only to thymine and cytosine bonding only to guanine. This ensures the fidelity of DNA replication and transmission of genetic information from parent cells to daughter cells.
NUCLEIC ACIDS (DNA)
The document discusses the structure and function of DNA. It describes DNA as a double helix structure with two strands coiled around each other that run in opposite directions. The strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between complementary nucleotide base pairs. DNA stores, transmits, and allows for the use of genetic information through its unique sequence of these four nucleotide bases - adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine.
Dna replication project Middle school
DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA. It involves enzymes that unwind the double helix, add nucleotides to form new strands that are complementary to the original DNA strands, and repair any errors. A key experiment by Meselson and Stahl demonstrated that DNA replication is semiconservative, meaning the double helix separates and each parent strand acts as a template for a new daughter strand.
Notes dna structure
The document provides instructions and notes on DNA structure. It explains that DNA has a double helix structure and is made up of a phosphate and sugar backbone with nitrogenous bases of adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine in the center. It notes that adenine bonds with thymine and guanine bonds with cytosine. The document instructs the reader to make a cover for their interactive notes on the DNA unit and include a color picture.
D.N.A. and it's structure
DNA is a molecule that carries genetic instructions for growth, development, functioning and reproduction of living organisms. It consists of two strands coiled around each other in a double helix structure. Each strand is made up of repeating nucleotide units containing a sugar, phosphate, and one of four nitrogenous bases (adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine). The bases bond together between the strands in specific base pairs (A-T and C-G) to form the rungs of the DNA ladder. Watson and Crick discovered that the structure of DNA is a twisted ladder with the bases pairing in the middle and the sugar and phosphate molecules forming the sides.
Cell division 2 DNA Replication NOTES
DNA replication makes copies of DNA and is essential for cell division. It occurs through a semi-conservative process where the double helix structure of DNA unwinds and each strand serves as a template for a new complementary strand. This results in two new DNA molecules that each contain one original strand and one newly synthesized strand. Key enzymes like helicase and DNA polymerase facilitate accurate copying of the genetic material according to the base pairing rules to ensure each cell receives an identical copy of the DNA blueprint.
Nucleic acids
Nucleic Acids are two types-DNA and RNA. DNA is described here which is genetic material. Its biochemical and physical structures are described. There are different types of DNA which are also described.
Cell division 2 DNA Replication
1) DNA contains genetic instructions that are used to direct cell functions and to be passed down from parents to offspring.
2) DNA is made up of nucleotides containing bases that pair up in a double helix structure. DNA replicates itself through a process that makes an exact copy of the DNA strands.
3) Mutations can occur which change the DNA sequence and can be caused by additions, deletions, duplications or inversions of sections of DNA. These mutations can be passed down from parents to offspring.
DNA Types
DNA = Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a molecule that encodes the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms
Cell Division 2 DNA Replication
DNA replication is the process by which DNA copies itself. It makes exact copies of the DNA in a cell so that when the cell divides, each new cell will have the full set of genetic instructions. DNA is made up of nucleotides that pair together in a double helix structure. During replication, the double helix unwinds and enzymes copy each strand, resulting in two new DNA molecules that each contain one original strand and one new strand. This semi-conservative method ensures the genetic information is preserved and passed on to new cells.
Ch16 genetics
Chapter 16 Genetics
What Is a Gene?
Chromosomes: Packages of Genetic Information
The Structure of DNA
DNA Replication
How Proteins Are Built
Genetic Mutations
How Radioactivity Causes Genetic Mutations
Meiosis and Genetic Diversity
Mendelian Genetics
More Wrinkles: Beyond Mendelian Genetics
The Human Genome
Cancer: Genes Gone Awry
Environmental Causes of Cancer
Transgenic Organisms and Cloning
DNA Technology—What Could Possibly Go Wrong?
History of Science: Discovery of the Double Helix
Technology: Gene Therapy
Science and Society: Genetic Counseling
Science and Society: DNA Forensics
DNA structure, history , definition and double helix model
This document discusses the structure and types of DNA. It begins by covering the basic topics of DNA structure, including the double helix model. It then provides more details on the history of DNA discovery. The main components of DNA structure are described, including nucleotides, sugar-phosphate backbones, and nitrogen base pairs. Finally, the document outlines the different conformations of DNA including A-DNA, B-DNA, Z-DNA, and others.
DNA
CELL BIOLOGY, GENETICS, MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, EVOLUTION AND ECOLOGY (BY P.S. VERMA AND V.K AGARWAL)
SARA’S PUBLICATION
Dna structure notes
This document discusses the structure and function of DNA. It notes that DNA is made up of nucleotides that contain deoxyribose, phosphate groups, and nitrogen bases. The nitrogen bases, adenine, guanine, thymine, and cytosine, always pair up in the same way - adenine pairs with thymine and guanine pairs with cytosine. These base pairs form the sides of the DNA double helix structure, with the sugar and phosphate groups forming the backbone of the helix. The document then briefly describes how DNA replicates through unwinding of the helix by helicase enzymes and addition of matching nucleotides by polymerase.
Structure of dna, types of dna forms, turners syndrome
The document discusses the structure and forms of DNA, the process of transformation, and Turner's syndrome. It provides details on:
1) James Watson and Francis Crick's discovery of DNA's double helix structure, with two strands coiled around a common axis and connected through base pairing between adenine and thymine and cytosine and guanine.
2) Griffith's experiments showing bacterial transformation through the transfer of genetic material, and Avery, MacLeod and McCarty's discovery that DNA is the molecule responsible for transformation.
3) The different forms DNA can take, including A-DNA, B-DNA, C-DNA and Z-DNA, and how conditions like humidity and base modifications
structure of DNA
The document summarizes the structure of DNA. It discusses that DNA is composed of phosphoric acid, deoxyribose sugar, and four nitrogenous bases. These components form nucleotides that bond together via phosphodiester bonds to create two polynucleotide strands that coil around each other to form the signature double helix structure of DNA. The structure allows DNA to efficiently store and replicate genetic information in organisms.
Dna
Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins discovered the basic structure of DNA through X-ray diffraction images in 1950. In 1953, Watson and Crick used this evidence along with other research to determine that DNA has a double helix structure with nucleotides as monomers. DNA replicates through the unwinding of the double helix, exposing the nucleotides to pair with free floating nucleotides in the cell to form two identical DNA molecules.
Structure of DNA
This document summarizes the structure of DNA. It describes that DNA is composed of polynucleotide chains containing nucleotides with pentose sugars, phosphate groups, and nitrogenous bases. The two strands of DNA run in opposite directions and are held together through hydrogen bonding between complementary purine-pyrimidine base pairs. The Watson-Crick model established that DNA forms a right-handed double helix with the bases stacking internally and the sugar-phosphate backbones forming the exterior spiraling strands.
structural organization of dna.pptx
The document summarizes the structure of nucleic acids and nucleotides. It describes that nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids like DNA and RNA, consisting of a phosphate group, a pentose sugar (ribose in RNA and deoxyribose in DNA), and a nitrogenous base. There are four main bases in DNA - adenine, thymine, guanine and cytosine. The document also describes the different forms DNA can take on like the A, B, C and Z forms, which differ in their structural parameters like base orientation and groove size. Watson and Crick first elucidated the double helix B-form structure of DNA in 1953 using X-ray crystallography data.
DNA PRESENTATION.pptx
A DNA molecule is composed of two chains of nucleotides that wind about each other to resemble a twisted ladder. The sides of the ladder are made up of sugars and phosphates, and the rungs are formed by bonded pairs of nitrogenous bases. These bases are adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T).
DNA STRUCTURE AND INTRODUCTION TO THE REPLICATION.pptx
This document provides information about DNA structure and types. It begins with a timeline of important discoveries in DNA research. It then discusses the primary and secondary structures of DNA, including the double helix model proposed by Watson and Crick. It describes Chargaff's rules and the complementary base pairing of A-T and G-C. Finally, it summarizes the different forms of DNA like A, B, and Z-DNA and discusses mitochondrial DNA and unusual DNA sequences.
NUCLEOTIDES(1).pptx Presentation on nucleotides structure
There are two types of nitrogen-containing bases in DNA and RNA - purines and pyrimidines. Purines have two rings fused together, while pyrimidines have a single ring. Adenine and guanine are found in both DNA and RNA, while thymine is only found in DNA and uracil only in RNA. A nucleotide consists of a nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar (ribose or deoxyribose), and phosphate groups. Nucleotides bond together to form nucleic acids like DNA and RNA, which store and transmit genetic information in cells.
More Related Content
What's hot
Dna structure1
The document discusses the structure and composition of DNA. It explains that DNA contains the blueprint of life in the form of instructions for making proteins. DNA has a double helix shape with two strands coiled around each other. Each strand consists of repeating nucleotide units containing a phosphate, deoxyribose sugar, and one of four nitrogenous bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, or thymine. The bases on each strand bond with each other through hydrogen bonds, with adenine bonding only to thymine and cytosine bonding only to guanine. This ensures the fidelity of DNA replication and transmission of genetic information from parent cells to daughter cells.
NUCLEIC ACIDS (DNA)
The document discusses the structure and function of DNA. It describes DNA as a double helix structure with two strands coiled around each other that run in opposite directions. The strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between complementary nucleotide base pairs. DNA stores, transmits, and allows for the use of genetic information through its unique sequence of these four nucleotide bases - adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine.
Dna replication project Middle school
DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA. It involves enzymes that unwind the double helix, add nucleotides to form new strands that are complementary to the original DNA strands, and repair any errors. A key experiment by Meselson and Stahl demonstrated that DNA replication is semiconservative, meaning the double helix separates and each parent strand acts as a template for a new daughter strand.
Notes dna structure
The document provides instructions and notes on DNA structure. It explains that DNA has a double helix structure and is made up of a phosphate and sugar backbone with nitrogenous bases of adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine in the center. It notes that adenine bonds with thymine and guanine bonds with cytosine. The document instructs the reader to make a cover for their interactive notes on the DNA unit and include a color picture.
D.N.A. and it's structure
DNA is a molecule that carries genetic instructions for growth, development, functioning and reproduction of living organisms. It consists of two strands coiled around each other in a double helix structure. Each strand is made up of repeating nucleotide units containing a sugar, phosphate, and one of four nitrogenous bases (adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine). The bases bond together between the strands in specific base pairs (A-T and C-G) to form the rungs of the DNA ladder. Watson and Crick discovered that the structure of DNA is a twisted ladder with the bases pairing in the middle and the sugar and phosphate molecules forming the sides.
Cell division 2 DNA Replication NOTES
DNA replication makes copies of DNA and is essential for cell division. It occurs through a semi-conservative process where the double helix structure of DNA unwinds and each strand serves as a template for a new complementary strand. This results in two new DNA molecules that each contain one original strand and one newly synthesized strand. Key enzymes like helicase and DNA polymerase facilitate accurate copying of the genetic material according to the base pairing rules to ensure each cell receives an identical copy of the DNA blueprint.
Nucleic acids
Nucleic Acids are two types-DNA and RNA. DNA is described here which is genetic material. Its biochemical and physical structures are described. There are different types of DNA which are also described.
Cell division 2 DNA Replication
1) DNA contains genetic instructions that are used to direct cell functions and to be passed down from parents to offspring.
2) DNA is made up of nucleotides containing bases that pair up in a double helix structure. DNA replicates itself through a process that makes an exact copy of the DNA strands.
3) Mutations can occur which change the DNA sequence and can be caused by additions, deletions, duplications or inversions of sections of DNA. These mutations can be passed down from parents to offspring.
DNA Types
DNA = Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a molecule that encodes the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms
Cell Division 2 DNA Replication
DNA replication is the process by which DNA copies itself. It makes exact copies of the DNA in a cell so that when the cell divides, each new cell will have the full set of genetic instructions. DNA is made up of nucleotides that pair together in a double helix structure. During replication, the double helix unwinds and enzymes copy each strand, resulting in two new DNA molecules that each contain one original strand and one new strand. This semi-conservative method ensures the genetic information is preserved and passed on to new cells.
Ch16 genetics
Chapter 16 Genetics
What Is a Gene?
Chromosomes: Packages of Genetic Information
The Structure of DNA
DNA Replication
How Proteins Are Built
Genetic Mutations
How Radioactivity Causes Genetic Mutations
Meiosis and Genetic Diversity
Mendelian Genetics
More Wrinkles: Beyond Mendelian Genetics
The Human Genome
Cancer: Genes Gone Awry
Environmental Causes of Cancer
Transgenic Organisms and Cloning
DNA Technology—What Could Possibly Go Wrong?
History of Science: Discovery of the Double Helix
Technology: Gene Therapy
Science and Society: Genetic Counseling
Science and Society: DNA Forensics
DNA structure, history , definition and double helix model
This document discusses the structure and types of DNA. It begins by covering the basic topics of DNA structure, including the double helix model. It then provides more details on the history of DNA discovery. The main components of DNA structure are described, including nucleotides, sugar-phosphate backbones, and nitrogen base pairs. Finally, the document outlines the different conformations of DNA including A-DNA, B-DNA, Z-DNA, and others.
DNA
CELL BIOLOGY, GENETICS, MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, EVOLUTION AND ECOLOGY (BY P.S. VERMA AND V.K AGARWAL)
SARA’S PUBLICATION
Dna structure notes
This document discusses the structure and function of DNA. It notes that DNA is made up of nucleotides that contain deoxyribose, phosphate groups, and nitrogen bases. The nitrogen bases, adenine, guanine, thymine, and cytosine, always pair up in the same way - adenine pairs with thymine and guanine pairs with cytosine. These base pairs form the sides of the DNA double helix structure, with the sugar and phosphate groups forming the backbone of the helix. The document then briefly describes how DNA replicates through unwinding of the helix by helicase enzymes and addition of matching nucleotides by polymerase.
Structure of dna, types of dna forms, turners syndrome
The document discusses the structure and forms of DNA, the process of transformation, and Turner's syndrome. It provides details on:
1) James Watson and Francis Crick's discovery of DNA's double helix structure, with two strands coiled around a common axis and connected through base pairing between adenine and thymine and cytosine and guanine.
2) Griffith's experiments showing bacterial transformation through the transfer of genetic material, and Avery, MacLeod and McCarty's discovery that DNA is the molecule responsible for transformation.
3) The different forms DNA can take, including A-DNA, B-DNA, C-DNA and Z-DNA, and how conditions like humidity and base modifications
structure of DNA
The document summarizes the structure of DNA. It discusses that DNA is composed of phosphoric acid, deoxyribose sugar, and four nitrogenous bases. These components form nucleotides that bond together via phosphodiester bonds to create two polynucleotide strands that coil around each other to form the signature double helix structure of DNA. The structure allows DNA to efficiently store and replicate genetic information in organisms.
Dna
Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins discovered the basic structure of DNA through X-ray diffraction images in 1950. In 1953, Watson and Crick used this evidence along with other research to determine that DNA has a double helix structure with nucleotides as monomers. DNA replicates through the unwinding of the double helix, exposing the nucleotides to pair with free floating nucleotides in the cell to form two identical DNA molecules.
What's hot (17)
DNA structure, history , definition and double helix model
DNA structure, history , definition and double helix model
Structure of dna, types of dna forms, turners syndrome
Structure of dna, types of dna forms, turners syndrome
Similar to DNA part 4
Structure of DNA
This document summarizes the structure of DNA. It describes that DNA is composed of polynucleotide chains containing nucleotides with pentose sugars, phosphate groups, and nitrogenous bases. The two strands of DNA run in opposite directions and are held together through hydrogen bonding between complementary purine-pyrimidine base pairs. The Watson-Crick model established that DNA forms a right-handed double helix with the bases stacking internally and the sugar-phosphate backbones forming the exterior spiraling strands.
structural organization of dna.pptx
The document summarizes the structure of nucleic acids and nucleotides. It describes that nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids like DNA and RNA, consisting of a phosphate group, a pentose sugar (ribose in RNA and deoxyribose in DNA), and a nitrogenous base. There are four main bases in DNA - adenine, thymine, guanine and cytosine. The document also describes the different forms DNA can take on like the A, B, C and Z forms, which differ in their structural parameters like base orientation and groove size. Watson and Crick first elucidated the double helix B-form structure of DNA in 1953 using X-ray crystallography data.
DNA PRESENTATION.pptx
A DNA molecule is composed of two chains of nucleotides that wind about each other to resemble a twisted ladder. The sides of the ladder are made up of sugars and phosphates, and the rungs are formed by bonded pairs of nitrogenous bases. These bases are adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T).
DNA STRUCTURE AND INTRODUCTION TO THE REPLICATION.pptx
This document provides information about DNA structure and types. It begins with a timeline of important discoveries in DNA research. It then discusses the primary and secondary structures of DNA, including the double helix model proposed by Watson and Crick. It describes Chargaff's rules and the complementary base pairing of A-T and G-C. Finally, it summarizes the different forms of DNA like A, B, and Z-DNA and discusses mitochondrial DNA and unusual DNA sequences.
NUCLEOTIDES(1).pptx Presentation on nucleotides structure
There are two types of nitrogen-containing bases in DNA and RNA - purines and pyrimidines. Purines have two rings fused together, while pyrimidines have a single ring. Adenine and guanine are found in both DNA and RNA, while thymine is only found in DNA and uracil only in RNA. A nucleotide consists of a nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar (ribose or deoxyribose), and phosphate groups. Nucleotides bond together to form nucleic acids like DNA and RNA, which store and transmit genetic information in cells.
Biochemistry of DNA Structure
DNA is made up of nucleotides containing phosphate groups, sugars, and nitrogenous bases. The bases on one DNA strand form hydrogen bonds with complementary bases on another strand to form the famous double helix structure. The double helix allows DNA to tightly coil into chromosomes inside cells. Hydrogen bonding between adenine-thymine and guanine-cytosine base pairs gives DNA its stable double-stranded structure.
Dna
DNA carries genetic instructions in all living things. It is a double-stranded molecule shaped like a twisted ladder. Each strand has a backbone made of sugar and phosphate, with nitrogen bases (A, T, C, G) forming rungs between the strands via hydrogen bonding. The structure was discovered in 1953 by Watson and Crick. DNA is found in the cell nucleus and mitochondria, where it stores and transmits hereditary information from parents to offspring that directs protein synthesis and cell functions.
DNA STRUCTURE AND THEIR DIFFERENT TYPES.pptx
DNA exists in several forms, with B-DNA being the most common and stable form under normal physiological conditions. B-DNA has a classic right-handed double helix structure held together by hydrogen bonds between complementary nucleotide base pairs. In contrast, A-DNA has a wider structure with bases displaced further from the central axis. Z-DNA has a left-handed helical structure that occurs transiently in response to biological activity. Other less common forms include P-DNA, which has a longer periodicity than B-DNA, and triplex DNA involving a third strand binding in the major groove. The different DNA structures are important for biological functions like transcription and gene regulation.
Structure of dna
Study of DNA with its discovery, structure,Salient features of DNA double helix, helix geometries,Functions of DNA related to structure and summary
Double helix model of dna (kailash)
The document summarizes the Watson and Crick DNA model. It describes the key components of DNA's double helix structure, including that it consists of two antiparallel strands coiled around a common axis. The strands are composed of deoxyribonucleotides linked by phosphodiester bonds and held together by hydrogen bonds between complementary nitrogenous bases: adenine pairs with thymine, and cytosine pairs with guanine. The sugar-phosphate backbone forms the structural framework, while the bases project inward and pair up to form the double helix shape.
Dna topology
DNA exists in different structural forms. The most common form is B-DNA, which has a right-handed double helix structure discovered by Watson and Crick. Other forms include A-DNA, Z-DNA, and C-DNA, which differ in features like diameter, groove size, and handedness. DNA topology refers to the constrained, intertwined nature of the double helix that is influenced by factors like linking number, twist, and writhe. Topoisomerase enzymes play a role in changing DNA topology and are essential for processes like replication and transcription.
Nscu 302 wk 3 1
DNA contains the blueprint of life in the form of genes on chromosomes. It is a double-stranded molecule shaped like a twisted ladder, with phosphate and sugar molecules forming the backbone and four nitrogenous bases - adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine - forming the rungs. The two strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases, with adenine always bonding with thymine and cytosine always bonding with guanine. DNA provides instructions for making proteins and its study has medical and agricultural benefits.
A, b, and z forms of dna
There are three main forms of DNA structure: A-DNA, B-DNA, and Z-DNA. B-DNA is the most common form found under physiological conditions, having a right-handed double helix with 10.5 base pairs per turn. A-DNA forms under dehydrating conditions and has a wider helix with 11 base pairs per turn. Z-DNA is a left-handed helix that forms with alternating purine-pyrimidine sequences, containing 12 base pairs per turn in a narrow, zig-zag structure. While B-DNA is most prevalent, the structure can vary depending on sequence and environmental conditions.
Dna and Rna
DNA contains the genetic blueprint for organisms and carries this information from parents to offspring. It has a double helix structure with a backbone of sugars and phosphates, and nucleotides that form base pairs between strands. DNA replicates its structure by separating the strands and using enzymes to add complementary nucleotides to each, generating two new DNA molecules. RNA also contains nucleotides that form base pairs and carries genetic instructions but is single-stranded. There are different types of RNA including mRNA and tRNA that play important roles in protein synthesis.
Structure and Synthesis of DNA
This lecture note describes the structure of DNA, its component, forms of DNA and its replication process on prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms.
Basics of DNA Replication
The presentation covers the details of DNA replication starting from the basics of the replication process to the chemistry of DNA synthesis as well as the different models of replication.
DNA STUCTURE
The document discusses the structure and composition of DNA. It explains that DNA contains the blueprint of life in the form of instructions for making proteins. DNA has a double helix shape with two strands coiled around each other. Each strand consists of repeating nucleotide units containing a phosphate, deoxyribose sugar, and one of four nitrogenous bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, or thymine. The bases on each strand bond with each other through hydrogen bonds, with adenine bonding only to thymine and cytosine bonding only to guanine. This ensures the fidelity of DNA replication and transmission of genetic information from parent cells to daughter cells.
Dna structure.jpg
DNA contains the instructions for development, life, and reproduction. It is a double-stranded helix made of nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate, sugar (deoxyribose in DNA), and one of four nitrogenous bases: adenine, cytosine, guanine, or thymine. The strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs, with adenine bonding to thymine and cytosine bonding to guanine. DNA stores genetic information, directs protein synthesis, determines genetic coding, and is responsible for heredity and cell functions.
DNA structure - double helix structure
In 1953, Watson and Crick proposed the double helix DNA model based on X-ray diffraction studies of DNA photographs by Wilkins and Franklin. DNA has two polynucleotide strands that wind together to form a long, slender helical molecule. The strands run in opposite directions and are intertwined in a clockwise direction. The structure is stabilized by hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous base pairs and the negative charge of the phosphate groups.
Different Types and Structure.pptx
DNA is a double-stranded molecule composed of repeating nucleotides that form a helical structure and contains the genetic information of organisms. Nucleotides consist of a nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar called deoxyribose, and a phosphate group. The two strands of the DNA double helix are held together by hydrogen bonds between complementary purine bases adenine (A) and guanine (G) and pyrimidine bases thymine (T) and cytosine (C). Different DNA structures include A-DNA, B-DNA, and Z-DNA which vary in their helical sense, base pair orientation, and groove size.
Similar to DNA part 4 (20)
DNA STRUCTURE AND INTRODUCTION TO THE REPLICATION.pptx
DNA STRUCTURE AND INTRODUCTION TO THE REPLICATION.pptx
NUCLEOTIDES(1).pptx Presentation on nucleotides structure
NUCLEOTIDES(1).pptx Presentation on nucleotides structure
More from mohamed abdukadir
Labada is qaba iyo xuquuqda ay isku leeyihiin
waa qoraal muxaadaro sheekh Mustafa ah oo ku saabsan labada is qaba iyo xuquuqda ay isku leeyihiin .
Sidee guusha dhabta ah loo gaaraa
waa buug laga qorey muxaadarada sheekh mustafa xaaji ismaaciil , kuna saabsan sida guusha dhabta ah loo gaaro
DNA part 3
This document discusses the structure and formation of DNA. It explains that DNA is made up of nucleotides connected through phosphodiester bonds. When nucleotides want to attach to form DNA, they must be in the form of triphosphates which contain energy. This energy is released during bonding between the nucleotides, creating strong phosphodiester bonds that hold the DNA chain together. Enzymes like nucleases can break these bonds, while DNAases and RNAases break down DNA and RNA, respectively.
DNA part 2
This document discusses the building blocks of DNA. It explains that nitrogenous bases attach to sugars to form nucleosides, and that nucleosides become nucleotides when a phosphate group attaches to the nucleoside. Specifically, it provides the examples of adenosine, guanosine, cytosine, and thymidine becoming nucleotides. The document also notes that adding more phosphate groups to a nucleotide, such as one, two, or three phosphates, produces adenosine monophosphate, diphosphate, and triphosphate respectively, with the latter being an energy-rich compound known as ATP.
DNA part 1
this is my own understanding , if i make any mistakes please feel free to contact me email: xanaf05@hotmail.com
Mendelian inheritance part 2
this is my own understanding , if there is anything wrong please feel free to contact me email: xanaf05@hotmail.com
Mendelian inheretence part 1
this is my own understanding , if there is anything wrong please feel free to contact me email: xanaf05@hotmail.com
Cross cylinder af soomaali
This document describes how to use a cross cylinder to determine if a patient needs cylindrical lenses and to refine the axis and power of any needed cylindrical correction.
A cross cylinder consists of two opposite cylinders. It is used to identify if a patient requires cylindrical lenses, and if so, to refine the axis and power. To check if a patient needs cylindrical lenses, the cross cylinder is aligned at 90 degrees to the patient's spherical lenses and flipped between +0.25 and -0.25. If the patient notices no difference, they do not require cylindrical lenses. If they prefer one orientation, they are astigmatic and need cylindrical lenses.
To refine the axis, the cross cylinder is aligned with the axis of
More from mohamed abdukadir (9)
Recently uploaded
BÀI TẬP DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 7 CẢ NĂM FRIENDS PLUS SÁCH CHÂN TRỜI SÁNG TẠO ...
BÀI TẬP DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 7 CẢ NĂM FRIENDS PLUS SÁCH CHÂN TRỜI SÁNG TẠO ...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
https://app.box.com/s/qhtvq32h4ybf9t49ku85x0n3xl4jhr15Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
Wound healing PPT
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
RHEOLOGY Physical pharmaceutics-II notes for B.pharm 4th sem students
Physical pharmaceutics notes for B.pharm students
Mule event processing models | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #47
Mule event processing models | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #47
Event Link:- https://meetups.mulesoft.com/events/details/mulesoft-mysore-presents-mule-event-processing-models/
Agenda
● What is event processing in MuleSoft?
● Types of event processing models in Mule 4
● Distinction between the reactive, parallel, blocking & non-blocking processing
For Upcoming Meetups Join Mysore Meetup Group - https://meetups.mulesoft.com/mysore/YouTube:- youtube.com/@mulesoftmysore
Mysore WhatsApp group:- https://chat.whatsapp.com/EhqtHtCC75vCAX7gaO842N
Speaker:-
Shivani Yasaswi - https://www.linkedin.com/in/shivaniyasaswi/
Organizers:-
Shubham Chaurasia - https://www.linkedin.com/in/shubhamchaurasia1/
Giridhar Meka - https://www.linkedin.com/in/giridharmeka
Priya Shaw - https://www.linkedin.com/in/priya-shaw
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
https://app.box.com/s/y977uz6bpd3af4qsebv7r9b7s21935vdمصحف القراءات العشر أعد أحرف الخلاف سمير بسيوني.pdf
مصحف أحرف الخلاف للقراء العشرةأعد أحرف الخلاف بالتلوين وصلا سمير بسيوني غفر الله له
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Aberdeen
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation results
The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptx
Iván Bornacelly, Policy Analyst at the OECD Centre for Skills, OECD, presents at the webinar 'Tackling job market gaps with a skills-first approach' on 12 June 2024
Traditional Musical Instruments of Arunachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh - RAYH...
Traditional Musical Instruments of Arunachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh
Recently uploaded (20)
BÀI TẬP DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 7 CẢ NĂM FRIENDS PLUS SÁCH CHÂN TRỜI SÁNG TẠO ...
BÀI TẬP DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 7 CẢ NĂM FRIENDS PLUS SÁCH CHÂN TRỜI SÁNG TẠO ...
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
RHEOLOGY Physical pharmaceutics-II notes for B.pharm 4th sem students
RHEOLOGY Physical pharmaceutics-II notes for B.pharm 4th sem students
Mule event processing models | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #47
Mule event processing models | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #47
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
B. Ed Syllabus for babasaheb ambedkar education university.pdf
B. Ed Syllabus for babasaheb ambedkar education university.pdf
مصحف القراءات العشر أعد أحرف الخلاف سمير بسيوني.pdf
مصحف القراءات العشر أعد أحرف الخلاف سمير بسيوني.pdf
Film vocab for eal 3 students: Australia the movie
Film vocab for eal 3 students: Australia the movie
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
REASIGNACION 2024 UGEL CHUPACA 2024 UGEL CHUPACA.pdf
REASIGNACION 2024 UGEL CHUPACA 2024 UGEL CHUPACA.pdf
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptx
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptx
Traditional Musical Instruments of Arunachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh - RAYH...
Traditional Musical Instruments of Arunachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh - RAYH...
DNA part 4
- 1. DNA part 4 Prep by : Mohamed Abdukadir kalif Mphil in Optometry
- 2. DNA chain
- 3. • In real life even alone man can not produce child , and alone women can not give birth to child without men . • So as DNA , a single molecule of DNA can not live alone it needs another molecule of DNA . • So how is single chain DNA arranges another chain of DNA ?
- 4. • To produce a child there is a need of man and woman which are different living organisms • so as the two chains of the DNA molecules , they are different from each other . • Because mostly identical things don’t attract each other except in some circumstances
- 5. • To arrange another chain of DNA • Adenine bonds with thymine in upside down way • And the bond between them is called hydrogen bonds • Adenine and thymine have two hydrogen bonds , and it is a weak bond
- 6. Adenine bond with thymine
- 7. • Guanine bonds with Cytosine in upside down way , with three hydrogen bonds , and it is a stronger bond
- 8. Guanine bond with Cytosine
- 10. • The DNA molecules are not straight , they are twisted , their nitrogenous bases are held together by hydrogen bonds , and their wall is made of phosphate and sugar , which is held together by phosphodiester bonds .
- 11. • Most of the DNA are right hand twisted • But also in some points it becomes left hand twist • So There are different forms that the DNA twist.
- 12. B-form of DNA • This is right handed twist • It is only a DNA molecule twisting with another DNA molecule • There are ten (10) pairs of nucleotides in complete 360’ degree turn • And every pair is perpendicular to the central axis
- 14. A-form of DNA • Right handed twist • It can be one molecule of DNA twisted with another molecule of RNA , or it can be DNA twisted with another DNA • There are 11 pairs of nucleotide in complete 360’ degree turn • It is slightly dehydrated , because of the more pairs of nucleotide within 360’ degree turn
- 15. Z-form of DNA • With in right handed long chain of DNA , suddenly some areas appear which are left hand twisted , this sudden left hand twist creates zigzag area , that area of DNA which has gone in to reverse twisting is called Z- FORM of DNA . • There are 12 pairs of nucleotides in complete 360’ degree turn
- 16. To be continued