DNA Fingerprinting.ppt
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DNA fingerprinting uses variations in DNA sequences to identify individuals. It involves using restriction enzymes to cut DNA into fragments of different sizes that can then be compared between samples and individuals using gel electrophoresis, which separates the fragments by size. DNA fingerprinting is highly accurate for identifying individuals from trace evidence and has advantages over other identification methods.
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DNA FINGERPRINTING
DNA fingerprinting is a method used to identify individuals based on variations in their DNA sequences. It involves using restriction enzymes to cut DNA into fragments at specific sequences, which are then separated by size using gel electrophoresis. The pattern of fragment sizes is unique to each individual and can be used to identify a person, determine paternity, solve criminal cases, diagnose genetic disorders, and develop cures. The document provides details on the different types of tandem repeats like satellites, minisatellites, and microsatellites that contribute to variations between individuals, as well as the basic process and applications of DNA fingerprinting.
DNA Fingerprinting
Define DNA fingerprint and DNA fingerprinting.
Explain some terms related to DNA fingerprinting.
Describe the method of collection and preservation of biological samples.
Describe the uses of DNA fingerprinting.
Describe the types of DNA fingerprinting.
Describe the steps of DNA fingerprinting.
Presented by,
Dr. Md. Mohiuddin Masum
Resident, MS Anatomy
PAY2B6
Guided by,
Prof. Dr. Shahara Khatun
Dna fingerprinting
DNA fingerprinting is a process for identifying individuals based on their unique DNA patterns. It involves isolating DNA from a sample, cutting the DNA into fragments using restriction enzymes, sorting the fragments by size through gel electrophoresis, transferring the fragments to a membrane, and using radioactive probes to detect matching fragments and produce a fingerprint pattern for identification purposes. DNA fingerprinting is widely used in forensic investigations and criminal cases to identify suspects, as well as in diagnosing genetic disorders and researching cures due to its ability to distinguish individuals based on their DNA sequences.
DNA fingerprinting
Define DNA fingerprint and DNA fingerprinting.
Explain some terms related to DNA fingerprinting.
Describe the method of collection and preservation of biological samples.
Describe the uses of DNA fingerprinting.
Describe the types of DNA fingerprinting.
Describe the steps of DNA fingerprinting.
DNA the human body recipe by slidesgo
This document is a biology project by Bhavya Yadav on DNA fingerprinting. It discusses DNA fingerprinting techniques like DNA profiling, extraction, cutting, electrophoresis, and transfer. It explains the stages of DNA fingerprinting like breaking down cells to extract DNA, cutting DNA strands, separating fragments, and analyzing patterns. The principle is that while 99.9% of human DNA is the same, the remaining 0.1% contains non-coding regions that vary between individuals and can be used for identification. DNA fingerprinting has important applications in determining lineage, personal identification, and solving crimes.
bio project.pdf
DNA fingerprinting is a powerful forensic technique that uses an individual's unique DNA sequence as identification. It has many uses like solving crimes, paternity testing, and molecular archaeology. DNA fingerprinting was initially controversial but is now widely accepted in courts. There are different types of DNA fingerprints but short tandem repeats using PCR amplification are now the most common due to being faster, cheaper, and requiring smaller DNA samples than earlier techniques like RFLPs. Proper handling of DNA evidence is crucial to avoid contamination and allow DNA fingerprints to be admitted as evidence in court.
Rflp & dna fingerprint
Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) is a technique that exploits variations in homologous DNA sequences to distinguish between individuals. It was invented in 1984 and works by digesting DNA with restriction enzymes, which cut the DNA at specific recognition sites. This produces DNA fragments of different lengths depending on the number of recognition sites. These fragments are then separated via gel electrophoresis based on their size and can be used to generate unique fingerprints to identify individuals. RFLP analysis has applications in determining genetic diseases, paternity testing, genetic mapping, and identifying carriers of disease-causing mutations.
DNA FIngerprinting.ppt
DNA profiling is a technique used to distinguish individuals using DNA samples. It was invented in 1985 by Alec Jeffreys. The process involves breaking down cells to extract DNA, cutting the DNA into fragments using restriction enzymes, separating the fragments by size using gel electrophoresis, and analyzing the pattern of fragments to obtain a DNA profile. DNA profiling is used in criminal investigations to identify suspects by comparing crime scene DNA to suspects' profiles. It is also used to determine biological relationships in cases of paternity, maternity, and inheritance disputes. Famous cases that utilized DNA profiling include identifying Colin Pitchfork as the first criminal caught this way and the O.J. Simpson murder trial.
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DNA FINGERPRINTING
DNA fingerprinting is a method used to identify individuals based on variations in their DNA sequences. It involves using restriction enzymes to cut DNA into fragments at specific sequences, which are then separated by size using gel electrophoresis. The pattern of fragment sizes is unique to each individual and can be used to identify a person, determine paternity, solve criminal cases, diagnose genetic disorders, and develop cures. The document provides details on the different types of tandem repeats like satellites, minisatellites, and microsatellites that contribute to variations between individuals, as well as the basic process and applications of DNA fingerprinting.
DNA Fingerprinting
Define DNA fingerprint and DNA fingerprinting.
Explain some terms related to DNA fingerprinting.
Describe the method of collection and preservation of biological samples.
Describe the uses of DNA fingerprinting.
Describe the types of DNA fingerprinting.
Describe the steps of DNA fingerprinting.
Presented by,
Dr. Md. Mohiuddin Masum
Resident, MS Anatomy
PAY2B6
Guided by,
Prof. Dr. Shahara Khatun
Dna fingerprinting
DNA fingerprinting is a process for identifying individuals based on their unique DNA patterns. It involves isolating DNA from a sample, cutting the DNA into fragments using restriction enzymes, sorting the fragments by size through gel electrophoresis, transferring the fragments to a membrane, and using radioactive probes to detect matching fragments and produce a fingerprint pattern for identification purposes. DNA fingerprinting is widely used in forensic investigations and criminal cases to identify suspects, as well as in diagnosing genetic disorders and researching cures due to its ability to distinguish individuals based on their DNA sequences.
DNA fingerprinting
Define DNA fingerprint and DNA fingerprinting.
Explain some terms related to DNA fingerprinting.
Describe the method of collection and preservation of biological samples.
Describe the uses of DNA fingerprinting.
Describe the types of DNA fingerprinting.
Describe the steps of DNA fingerprinting.
DNA the human body recipe by slidesgo
This document is a biology project by Bhavya Yadav on DNA fingerprinting. It discusses DNA fingerprinting techniques like DNA profiling, extraction, cutting, electrophoresis, and transfer. It explains the stages of DNA fingerprinting like breaking down cells to extract DNA, cutting DNA strands, separating fragments, and analyzing patterns. The principle is that while 99.9% of human DNA is the same, the remaining 0.1% contains non-coding regions that vary between individuals and can be used for identification. DNA fingerprinting has important applications in determining lineage, personal identification, and solving crimes.
bio project.pdf
DNA fingerprinting is a powerful forensic technique that uses an individual's unique DNA sequence as identification. It has many uses like solving crimes, paternity testing, and molecular archaeology. DNA fingerprinting was initially controversial but is now widely accepted in courts. There are different types of DNA fingerprints but short tandem repeats using PCR amplification are now the most common due to being faster, cheaper, and requiring smaller DNA samples than earlier techniques like RFLPs. Proper handling of DNA evidence is crucial to avoid contamination and allow DNA fingerprints to be admitted as evidence in court.
Rflp & dna fingerprint
Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) is a technique that exploits variations in homologous DNA sequences to distinguish between individuals. It was invented in 1984 and works by digesting DNA with restriction enzymes, which cut the DNA at specific recognition sites. This produces DNA fragments of different lengths depending on the number of recognition sites. These fragments are then separated via gel electrophoresis based on their size and can be used to generate unique fingerprints to identify individuals. RFLP analysis has applications in determining genetic diseases, paternity testing, genetic mapping, and identifying carriers of disease-causing mutations.
DNA FIngerprinting.ppt
DNA profiling is a technique used to distinguish individuals using DNA samples. It was invented in 1985 by Alec Jeffreys. The process involves breaking down cells to extract DNA, cutting the DNA into fragments using restriction enzymes, separating the fragments by size using gel electrophoresis, and analyzing the pattern of fragments to obtain a DNA profile. DNA profiling is used in criminal investigations to identify suspects by comparing crime scene DNA to suspects' profiles. It is also used to determine biological relationships in cases of paternity, maternity, and inheritance disputes. Famous cases that utilized DNA profiling include identifying Colin Pitchfork as the first criminal caught this way and the O.J. Simpson murder trial.
bio project.pptx
DNA fingerprinting is a powerful forensic technique that analyzes variations in DNA sequences to identify individuals. It works by cutting DNA into fragments of different lengths using restriction enzymes, then comparing fragment length patterns between samples. While now widely accepted, DNA fingerprinting faced initial resistance when first introduced. This document discusses the history and development of DNA fingerprinting techniques, including early methods like RFLPs and VNTRs, and more recent STR analysis using PCR amplification, which allows analysis from smaller samples and is now the standard forensic approach. Applications of DNA fingerprinting include solving criminal cases, paternity testing, and tracing ancestry.
PPTChapter 6 Molecular Basis of Inheritance G.pptx
DNA fingerprinting is a technique that uses variations in DNA sequences to distinguish individuals. It involves extracting DNA from a sample, amplifying it if needed, cutting it with restriction enzymes to isolate variable number tandem repeats, separating the fragments by size using gel electrophoresis, treating the DNA fragments with a radioactive probe, and exposing X-ray film to create an image-based fingerprint of the sample's DNA pattern. This fingerprint can then be used to identify individuals or determine familial relationships for various applications like criminal investigations, identifying remains, and tracing hereditary conditions.
PPTChapter 6 Molecular Basis of Inheritance G (1).pptx
DNA fingerprinting is a technique that uses variations in DNA sequences to distinguish individuals. It involves extracting DNA from a sample, amplifying it if needed, cutting it with restriction enzymes to isolate variable number tandem repeats, separating the fragments by size using gel electrophoresis, treating the DNA fragments with a radioactive probe, and exposing X-ray film to create an image-based fingerprint of the sample's DNA pattern. This fingerprint can then be used to identify individuals or determine familial relationships for various applications like criminal investigations, identifying remains, and tracing hereditary conditions.
Dna profiling
DNA profiling uses patterns of repeating DNA sequences that vary between individuals to identify people at a molecular level. It has various applications including criminal identification by comparing DNA evidence from a crime scene to a suspect's DNA, determining biological relationships in cases of disputed parentage, and diagnosing inherited genetic disorders. The most common current method is short tandem repeat analysis using PCR to amplify short repeating sequences and generate a DNA fingerprint.
DNA Fingerprinting
DNA fingerprinting is a technique used for identification by extracting and analyzing the base pair pattern of an individual's DNA. It involves isolating DNA from a sample, cutting the DNA into fragments using restriction enzymes, and comparing the fragment patterns on a gel to identify individuals. The main applications of DNA fingerprinting are in solving criminal cases by matching DNA evidence to suspects, diagnosing inherited diseases, and determining biological relationships in areas like paternity testing.
Rflp presentation
This document discusses Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. RFLP is a technique used to detect genetic mutations and variations between individuals. It works by digesting DNA with restriction enzymes, which cut the DNA into fragments of varying lengths. These fragments are then separated via gel electrophoresis and analyzed to detect any length polymorphisms between individuals, indicating genetic differences. RFLP has applications in forensics, mutation detection, and requires isolating DNA, restriction digestion, gel electrophoresis, Southern blotting, and DNA hybridization.
Copy Of Dna Sequencing
RFLP analysis involves fragmenting DNA samples with restriction enzymes, separating the fragments by length through gel electrophoresis, and detecting length polymorphisms between individuals. Any single nucleotide change can create or destroy a restriction site, altering the length of the resulting fragment. RFLP analysis has applications in forensics, disease research, genetics, and paternity testing by detecting differences in fragment lengths between DNA samples.
DNA FORENSIC ANALYSIS
DNA is important evidence in forensic analysis. This presentation will help in understanding DNA and Fingerprinting technology
DNA Profiling_HMD_2020.pptx
DNA fingerprinting is a technique used to distinguish between individuals using samples of their DNA. It was invented in 1985 by Alec Jeffreys at the University of Leicester. DNA fingerprinting involves extracting DNA from samples, amplifying specific locations in the DNA called STRs using PCR, then analyzing the STRs using capillary electrophoresis to generate a DNA profile that can be used to identify individuals. Statistical analysis using the product rule allows DNA profiles to be individualized with probabilities of 1 in many billions.
DNA Fingerprinting
This document provides an overview of DNA fingerprinting (also called DNA profiling). It discusses the stages of DNA fingerprinting including extraction, cutting, separation, transfer and analysis. The principle of DNA fingerprinting is that restriction enzymes cut DNA at unique sites, creating variable fragment patterns between individuals. Applications include determining paternity, criminal identification using DNA from crime scenes, and personal identification. Advantages are that DNA profiling can identify individuals with certainty, while limitations include samples being easily contaminated and complex patterns. The document also discusses uses in forensics, plants, centers that perform DNA fingerprinting, and concludes with an overview.
DNA FINGERPRINTING SMG
DNA fingerprinting is a technique used to identify individuals by analyzing genetic variations in DNA sequences found in certain regions of the genome. It was developed in 1985 by Alec Jeffreys and involves isolating DNA from a sample, cutting it with restriction enzymes, and comparing patterns of DNA fragments between individuals using probes that bind to variable number tandem repeats. DNA fingerprinting relies on differences in repetitive sequences that vary between people but are identical in each cell of an individual, allowing a unique genetic profile to be generated for identification purposes in forensic investigations and paternity testing.
DNA fingerprinting
This document summarizes DNA fingerprinting, which involves analyzing variable tandem repeat regions in DNA to generate unique genetic profiles for identification purposes. It describes how DNA is extracted from samples, cut using restriction enzymes, separated via gel electrophoresis, and analyzed using probes to develop a fingerprint. Key applications include identifying suspects in criminal cases, solving paternity disputes, diagnosing genetic disorders, and personal identification. The technique was pioneered in 1984 by Alec Jeffreys and first used in court in 1987. Famous cases that have utilized DNA fingerprinting include identifying the killer in the Colin Pitchfork murder case and establishing Steve Bing's paternity of Elizabeth Hurley's son.
Molecular Techniques in Microbiology.pptx
This document discusses several molecular techniques used in microbiology, including restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences (CAPS). RFLP detects genetic variations by cutting DNA with restriction enzymes and comparing fragment lengths. PFGE improves on standard gel electrophoresis by applying an alternating electric field to better separate very large DNA molecules. CAPS combines PCR and RFLP to detect single base changes without radioactive probes. These techniques are useful for genome mapping, disease analysis, and forensic or epidemiological investigations.
chapter 9 - dna powerpoint for forensics
This document provides an overview of DNA and its use in forensics. It discusses how DNA can be used to link suspects to crime scenes, identify missing or dead persons, and link suspects to events. It describes the structure of DNA, including the double helix structure and base pairing. It explains how DNA is replicated and how genes instruct the production of proteins. The document outlines early DNA fingerprinting techniques like RFLPs and VNTRs, and more modern techniques using STR analysis and PCR. It discusses the use of DNA fingerprinting in paternity testing, criminal cases, and Y-STR analysis.
Dna chips, RFLPs & dna fingerprint
Microarrays (DNA chips) allow large numbers of DNA probes to be immobilized on a solid surface like nylon or glass. They have various applications including identifying genes responsible for development, diseases, and single nucleotide polymorphisms. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) detects length variations in DNA fragments after restriction enzyme digestion, revealing polymorphisms. DNA fingerprinting analyzes variable numbers of tandem repeats in satellite DNA, producing unique patterns that can identify individuals in forensic investigations.
dna fingerprinting powerpoint
DNA fingerprinting was developed in 1984 by Alec J. Jeffrey at the University of Leicester. It involves analyzing variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) in DNA to generate a unique profile for identifying individuals. DNA fingerprinting has six main steps: isolating DNA, cutting it with restriction enzymes, transferring fragments to nylon, probing with radioactive markers, and comparing the final fingerprint to other samples. This technique can solve crimes by matching DNA from a crime scene to suspects, determine paternity in inheritance cases, and has been used in famous cases like those involving Elizabeth Hurley and OJ Simpson.
Dna fingerprinting
DNA fingerprinting is a technique that allows identification of an individual from biological samples based on their unique DNA fingerprint. It works by detecting variations in short tandem repeats (STRs) in the DNA, which differ in length between individuals. The process involves extracting DNA from a sample, using restriction enzymes to cut the DNA at specific sites, separating the fragments via gel electrophoresis, and amplifying the STR regions via polymerase chain reaction to facilitate comparison to known DNA profiles. DNA fingerprinting has applications in forensics, paternity testing, and medical diagnosis of inherited disorders, but risks discrimination and privacy issues if not properly regulated and restricted.
Role of dna fingerprinting in crimes
This document discusses the role of DNA fingerprinting in solving crimes. It provides details on the history of DNA fingerprinting, how DNA fingerprints are made in the lab through restriction enzymes and gel electrophoresis, and examples of how DNA profiling has been used to identify criminals, determine paternity and diagnose genetic disorders. The stages of DNA profiling are outlined and it is noted that DNA fingerprinting can provide strong evidence if a suspect's profile matches the biological evidence left at a crime scene.
SNP
This document discusses single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). It defines SNPs as variations in DNA sequences that occur when a single nucleotide differs between members of a species. SNPs are the most common type of genetic variation. The document outlines the characteristics of SNPs, how they are used as genetic markers, and various methods for SNP genotyping, including direct sequencing, TaqMan assays, and microchips. It also discusses the advantages and applications of SNPs in areas like gene discovery, disease risk profiling, and genetic variation studies.
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DNA fingerprinting is a powerful forensic technique that analyzes variations in DNA sequences to identify individuals. It works by cutting DNA into fragments of different lengths using restriction enzymes, then comparing fragment length patterns between samples. While now widely accepted, DNA fingerprinting faced initial resistance when first introduced. This document discusses the history and development of DNA fingerprinting techniques, including early methods like RFLPs and VNTRs, and more recent STR analysis using PCR amplification, which allows analysis from smaller samples and is now the standard forensic approach. Applications of DNA fingerprinting include solving criminal cases, paternity testing, and tracing ancestry.
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DNA fingerprinting is a technique that uses variations in DNA sequences to distinguish individuals. It involves extracting DNA from a sample, amplifying it if needed, cutting it with restriction enzymes to isolate variable number tandem repeats, separating the fragments by size using gel electrophoresis, treating the DNA fragments with a radioactive probe, and exposing X-ray film to create an image-based fingerprint of the sample's DNA pattern. This fingerprint can then be used to identify individuals or determine familial relationships for various applications like criminal investigations, identifying remains, and tracing hereditary conditions.
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DNA fingerprinting is a technique that uses variations in DNA sequences to distinguish individuals. It involves extracting DNA from a sample, amplifying it if needed, cutting it with restriction enzymes to isolate variable number tandem repeats, separating the fragments by size using gel electrophoresis, treating the DNA fragments with a radioactive probe, and exposing X-ray film to create an image-based fingerprint of the sample's DNA pattern. This fingerprint can then be used to identify individuals or determine familial relationships for various applications like criminal investigations, identifying remains, and tracing hereditary conditions.
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DNA profiling uses patterns of repeating DNA sequences that vary between individuals to identify people at a molecular level. It has various applications including criminal identification by comparing DNA evidence from a crime scene to a suspect's DNA, determining biological relationships in cases of disputed parentage, and diagnosing inherited genetic disorders. The most common current method is short tandem repeat analysis using PCR to amplify short repeating sequences and generate a DNA fingerprint.
DNA Fingerprinting
DNA fingerprinting is a technique used for identification by extracting and analyzing the base pair pattern of an individual's DNA. It involves isolating DNA from a sample, cutting the DNA into fragments using restriction enzymes, and comparing the fragment patterns on a gel to identify individuals. The main applications of DNA fingerprinting are in solving criminal cases by matching DNA evidence to suspects, diagnosing inherited diseases, and determining biological relationships in areas like paternity testing.
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This document discusses Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. RFLP is a technique used to detect genetic mutations and variations between individuals. It works by digesting DNA with restriction enzymes, which cut the DNA into fragments of varying lengths. These fragments are then separated via gel electrophoresis and analyzed to detect any length polymorphisms between individuals, indicating genetic differences. RFLP has applications in forensics, mutation detection, and requires isolating DNA, restriction digestion, gel electrophoresis, Southern blotting, and DNA hybridization.
Copy Of Dna Sequencing
RFLP analysis involves fragmenting DNA samples with restriction enzymes, separating the fragments by length through gel electrophoresis, and detecting length polymorphisms between individuals. Any single nucleotide change can create or destroy a restriction site, altering the length of the resulting fragment. RFLP analysis has applications in forensics, disease research, genetics, and paternity testing by detecting differences in fragment lengths between DNA samples.
DNA FORENSIC ANALYSIS
DNA is important evidence in forensic analysis. This presentation will help in understanding DNA and Fingerprinting technology
DNA Profiling_HMD_2020.pptx
DNA fingerprinting is a technique used to distinguish between individuals using samples of their DNA. It was invented in 1985 by Alec Jeffreys at the University of Leicester. DNA fingerprinting involves extracting DNA from samples, amplifying specific locations in the DNA called STRs using PCR, then analyzing the STRs using capillary electrophoresis to generate a DNA profile that can be used to identify individuals. Statistical analysis using the product rule allows DNA profiles to be individualized with probabilities of 1 in many billions.
DNA Fingerprinting
This document provides an overview of DNA fingerprinting (also called DNA profiling). It discusses the stages of DNA fingerprinting including extraction, cutting, separation, transfer and analysis. The principle of DNA fingerprinting is that restriction enzymes cut DNA at unique sites, creating variable fragment patterns between individuals. Applications include determining paternity, criminal identification using DNA from crime scenes, and personal identification. Advantages are that DNA profiling can identify individuals with certainty, while limitations include samples being easily contaminated and complex patterns. The document also discusses uses in forensics, plants, centers that perform DNA fingerprinting, and concludes with an overview.
DNA FINGERPRINTING SMG
DNA fingerprinting is a technique used to identify individuals by analyzing genetic variations in DNA sequences found in certain regions of the genome. It was developed in 1985 by Alec Jeffreys and involves isolating DNA from a sample, cutting it with restriction enzymes, and comparing patterns of DNA fragments between individuals using probes that bind to variable number tandem repeats. DNA fingerprinting relies on differences in repetitive sequences that vary between people but are identical in each cell of an individual, allowing a unique genetic profile to be generated for identification purposes in forensic investigations and paternity testing.
DNA fingerprinting
This document summarizes DNA fingerprinting, which involves analyzing variable tandem repeat regions in DNA to generate unique genetic profiles for identification purposes. It describes how DNA is extracted from samples, cut using restriction enzymes, separated via gel electrophoresis, and analyzed using probes to develop a fingerprint. Key applications include identifying suspects in criminal cases, solving paternity disputes, diagnosing genetic disorders, and personal identification. The technique was pioneered in 1984 by Alec Jeffreys and first used in court in 1987. Famous cases that have utilized DNA fingerprinting include identifying the killer in the Colin Pitchfork murder case and establishing Steve Bing's paternity of Elizabeth Hurley's son.
Molecular Techniques in Microbiology.pptx
This document discusses several molecular techniques used in microbiology, including restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences (CAPS). RFLP detects genetic variations by cutting DNA with restriction enzymes and comparing fragment lengths. PFGE improves on standard gel electrophoresis by applying an alternating electric field to better separate very large DNA molecules. CAPS combines PCR and RFLP to detect single base changes without radioactive probes. These techniques are useful for genome mapping, disease analysis, and forensic or epidemiological investigations.
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This document provides an overview of DNA and its use in forensics. It discusses how DNA can be used to link suspects to crime scenes, identify missing or dead persons, and link suspects to events. It describes the structure of DNA, including the double helix structure and base pairing. It explains how DNA is replicated and how genes instruct the production of proteins. The document outlines early DNA fingerprinting techniques like RFLPs and VNTRs, and more modern techniques using STR analysis and PCR. It discusses the use of DNA fingerprinting in paternity testing, criminal cases, and Y-STR analysis.
Dna chips, RFLPs & dna fingerprint
Microarrays (DNA chips) allow large numbers of DNA probes to be immobilized on a solid surface like nylon or glass. They have various applications including identifying genes responsible for development, diseases, and single nucleotide polymorphisms. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) detects length variations in DNA fragments after restriction enzyme digestion, revealing polymorphisms. DNA fingerprinting analyzes variable numbers of tandem repeats in satellite DNA, producing unique patterns that can identify individuals in forensic investigations.
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DNA fingerprinting was developed in 1984 by Alec J. Jeffrey at the University of Leicester. It involves analyzing variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) in DNA to generate a unique profile for identifying individuals. DNA fingerprinting has six main steps: isolating DNA, cutting it with restriction enzymes, transferring fragments to nylon, probing with radioactive markers, and comparing the final fingerprint to other samples. This technique can solve crimes by matching DNA from a crime scene to suspects, determine paternity in inheritance cases, and has been used in famous cases like those involving Elizabeth Hurley and OJ Simpson.
Dna fingerprinting
DNA fingerprinting is a technique that allows identification of an individual from biological samples based on their unique DNA fingerprint. It works by detecting variations in short tandem repeats (STRs) in the DNA, which differ in length between individuals. The process involves extracting DNA from a sample, using restriction enzymes to cut the DNA at specific sites, separating the fragments via gel electrophoresis, and amplifying the STR regions via polymerase chain reaction to facilitate comparison to known DNA profiles. DNA fingerprinting has applications in forensics, paternity testing, and medical diagnosis of inherited disorders, but risks discrimination and privacy issues if not properly regulated and restricted.
Role of dna fingerprinting in crimes
This document discusses the role of DNA fingerprinting in solving crimes. It provides details on the history of DNA fingerprinting, how DNA fingerprints are made in the lab through restriction enzymes and gel electrophoresis, and examples of how DNA profiling has been used to identify criminals, determine paternity and diagnose genetic disorders. The stages of DNA profiling are outlined and it is noted that DNA fingerprinting can provide strong evidence if a suspect's profile matches the biological evidence left at a crime scene.
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This document discusses single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). It defines SNPs as variations in DNA sequences that occur when a single nucleotide differs between members of a species. SNPs are the most common type of genetic variation. The document outlines the characteristics of SNPs, how they are used as genetic markers, and various methods for SNP genotyping, including direct sequencing, TaqMan assays, and microchips. It also discusses the advantages and applications of SNPs in areas like gene discovery, disease risk profiling, and genetic variation studies.
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The document discusses the history and key concepts of molecular biology. It describes the three domains of life - Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryota. Molecular biology is defined as the study of biological processes at the molecular level, including interactions between DNA, RNA and protein biosynthesis. Major events outlined include discoveries of DNA and RNA, development of gene cloning techniques using restriction enzymes, sequencing of genomes, and completion of the Human Genome Project.
Lecture stem Cells.pptx
Stem cells are master cells that can differentiate into many other cell types and have the properties of plasticity and potency. There are several types of stem cells including totipotent, pluripotent, and multipotent cells. Stem cell research holds promise for developing regenerative medicine treatments for diseases like diabetes, heart disease, and spinal cord injuries. However, embryonic stem cells research faces ethical issues regarding embryo destruction.
Monoclonal antibodies.ppt
1. Isolate B cells from recovered COVID-19 patients that produce antibodies against the virus.
2. Fuse the B cells with myeloma cells to generate immortalized hybridoma cell lines.
3. Select a hybridoma that produces the desired anti-COVID-19 antibody and sequence the antibody genes.
4. Insert the antibody genes into a mammalian expression vector and transfect CHO cells for recombinant antibody production.
An overview of clinical nutrtion.pptx
This document provides an overview of clinical nutrition, covering topics like nutrition, dietetics, nutrients, digestion, metabolism, energy balance, basal metabolic rate, dietary guidelines, and food choices. It defines key concepts such as what nutrition and dietetics are, describes the roles of macro and micronutrients, and explains how digestion breaks down food and metabolism uses calories. The document also discusses energy balance, calculating basal metabolic rate, daily calorie needs, and guidelines for recommended dietary intake and allowances. Take-home questions assess understanding of kilocalorie and macronutrient conversions and calculating daily calorie needs based on basal metabolic rate.
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Chapter 1 An Introduction to Molecular Biology.ppt
Chapter 1 An Introduction to Molecular Biology.ppt
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ABDOMINAL TRAUMA in pediatrics part one.
Abdominal trauma in pediatrics refers to injuries or damage to the abdominal organs in children. It can occur due to various causes such as falls, motor vehicle accidents, sports-related injuries, and physical abuse. Children are more vulnerable to abdominal trauma due to their unique anatomical and physiological characteristics. Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, tenderness, distension, vomiting, and signs of shock. Diagnosis involves physical examination, imaging studies, and laboratory tests. Management depends on the severity and may involve conservative treatment or surgical intervention. Prevention is crucial in reducing the incidence of abdominal trauma in children.
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Phone Us ❤8107221448❤ #ℂall #gIRLS In Dehradun By Dehradun @ℂall @Girls Hotel...chandankumarsmartiso
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8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptx
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptxHolistified Wellness
We’re talking about Vedic Meditation, a form of meditation that has been around for at least 5,000 years. Back then, the people who lived in the Indus Valley, now known as India and Pakistan, practised meditation as a fundamental part of daily life. This knowledge that has given us yoga and Ayurveda, was known as Veda, hence the name Vedic. And though there are some written records, the practice has been passed down verbally from generation to generation.Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
There is increasing confidence that cell therapies will soon play a role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, but the extent of this impact remains to be seen. Early readouts on autologous CAR-Ts in lupus are encouraging, but manufacturing and cost limitations are likely to restrict access to highly refractory patients. Allogeneic CAR-Ts have the potential to broaden access to earlier lines of treatment due to their inherent cost benefits, however they will need to demonstrate comparable or improved efficacy to established modalities.
In addition to infrastructure and capacity constraints, CAR-Ts face a very different risk-benefit dynamic in autoimmune compared to oncology, highlighting the need for tolerable therapies with low adverse event risk. CAR-NK and Treg-based therapies are also being developed in certain autoimmune disorders and may demonstrate favorable safety profiles. Several novel non-cell therapies such as bispecific antibodies, nanobodies, and RNAi drugs, may also offer future alternative competitive solutions with variable value propositions.
Widespread adoption of cell therapies will not only require strong efficacy and safety data, but also adapted pricing and access strategies. At oncology-based price points, CAR-Ts are unlikely to achieve broad market access in autoimmune disorders, with eligible patient populations that are potentially orders of magnitude greater than the number of currently addressable cancer patients. Developers have made strides towards reducing cell therapy COGS while improving manufacturing efficiency, but payors will inevitably restrict access until more sustainable pricing is achieved.
Despite these headwinds, industry leaders and investors remain confident that cell therapies are poised to address significant unmet need in patients suffering from autoimmune disorders. However, the extent of this impact on the treatment landscape remains to be seen, as the industry rapidly approaches an inflection point.
How STIs Influence the Development of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease.pptx
STIs may cause PID. For the both disease, herbal medicine Fuyan Pill can be a solution.
Basavarajeeyam - Ayurvedic heritage book of Andhra pradesh
Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
Journal Article Review on Rasamanikya
Rasamanikya is a excellent preparation in the field of Rasashastra, it is used in various Kushtha Roga, Shwasa, Vicharchika, Bhagandara, Vatarakta, and Phiranga Roga. In this article Preparation& Comparative analytical profile for both Formulationon i.e Rasamanikya prepared by Kushmanda swarasa & Churnodhaka Shodita Haratala. The study aims to provide insights into the comparative efficacy and analytical aspects of these formulations for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.
The Electrocardiogram - Physiologic Principles
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Osteoporosis - Definition , Evaluation and Management .pdf
Osteoporosis is an increasing cause of morbidity among the elderly.
In this document , a brief outline of osteoporosis is given , including the risk factors of osteoporosis fractures , the indications for testing bone mineral density and the management of osteoporosis
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotes
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
Dehradun #ℂall #gIRLS Oyo Hotel 8107221448 #ℂall #gIRL in Dehradun
Dehradun #ℂall #gIRLS Oyo Hotel 8107221448 #ℂall #gIRL in Dehradun
The Best Ayurvedic Antacid Tablets in India
Treat the symptoms of indigestion, heartburn and stomach reflux with the 10 Best Ayurvedic Antacid Tablets in India.
Hemodialysis: Chapter 4, Dialysate Circuit - Dr.Gawad
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/kqbnxVAZs-0
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/SINlygW1Mpc
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
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Phone Us ❤8107221448❤ #ℂall #gIRLS In Dehradun By Dehradun @ℂall @Girls Hotel...
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8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptx
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Basavarajeeyam - Ayurvedic heritage book of Andhra pradesh
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Dehradun #ℂall #gIRLS Oyo Hotel 8107221448 #ℂall #gIRL in Dehradun
Dehradun #ℂall #gIRLS Oyo Hotel 8107221448 #ℂall #gIRL in Dehradun
Hemodialysis: Chapter 4, Dialysate Circuit - Dr.Gawad
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DNA Fingerprinting.ppt
- 2. Why Use DNA Fingerprinting? DNA fingerprinting is a way of telling individuals of the same species apart DNA sequences are variable and can therefore be used as identifying characteristics. DNA fingerprinting has advantages over other sources of evidence (fingerprints, blood type, etc.): – Highly accurate. – Can be gathered from trace crime scene evidence.
- 3. How do you take a DNA fingerprint? One way: Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (huh?) aka RFLP Restriction enzymes are molecules that can cut DNA into pieces --> each enzyme cuts at a very specific DNA sequence While all human beings share roughly the same DNA sequence, there are in fact a small number of differences these differences can be seen by restriction enzymes
- 5. Individual 1 A B C D E DNA
- 6. Individual 2 A B C D
- 7. Individual 1 vs. Individual 2 A B C D Individual 2 A B C D E Individual 1
- 8. Summary Essentially, once the DNA has been cut by the enzymes, we will have DNA fragments of various sizes Each individual’s banding patterns should be different because the restriction enzymes will cut each person’s DNA at different points Fragments of different sizes will travel different distances along a gel when an electric current is passed through it
- 9. Agarose Gel Electrophoresis Different banding patterns from different individuals