The document summarizes shoulder and knee dislocations. It describes the anatomy of the shoulder and knee joints and explains that dislocations occur when the ball comes out of the socket due to a forceful injury. It provides first aid tips such as immobilizing the injured area and seeking medical advice. Medical treatment may involve relocating the bone through gentle traction and applying a sling. Signs of a dislocation include pain, difficulty moving, deformity, and numbness below the injury.

1. Dislocations By Jaclyn Smith

2. Shoulder dislocation

3. Shoulder dislocation The shoulder joint is the most prone to dislocation. The arm is held into the shoulder joint socket by soft tissue capsule, ligaments, muscles and tendons. Shoulder joint; humerous fits into the socket joint of the scapula; this is called a ball socket joint. This allows nearly 360 degrees movement. Dislocation occurs from a strong force causing the ball to come out of the socket. This can be from a motor vehicle accident, a fall onto the arm, a sporting activity or another injury causing dislocation to the shoulder by a great force.

4. Fist aid To provide the dislocated shoulder with support so that it does not move too much, it must be strapped to the body or placed into a sling. The pulses must be checked to ensure that circulation to the arm is still satisfactory. Seek medical advice so that the dislocation is not too severe and give the patient/casualty pain relief if necessary.

5. Medical advice Once medical advice has been occupied, to ensure that they can tell how severe the dislocation is an x-ray would be taken. One person will support the upper body whilst the other applies slow gentle traction by pulling arm until ball of humerous pops or relocates into the socket. Sling is then applied to keep the arm stable and in position with as little movement as possible. Some people have re-occurring dislocations due to weak ligaments and tendons from the previous dislocation and may require surgery to stop this .

6. Signs and symptoms- shoulder Pain- usually sharp, sudden, severe and at the joint. Difficulty in moving the arm. Affected shoulder drops lower than the other one. Joint feels mushy or soft. Pins and needles or numbness down the affected area. Swelling to the shoulder area.

7. Bibliography- Shoulder joint Information The orthopaedic research institute- musculoskeletal information. www.ori.org.au/bonejoint/ shoulder /contents.htm Health point technologies Copyright © 2008 Yahoo! Pty Limited. All rights reserved. http://au.health.yahoo.com/041101/25/1uw9.html E Medicine Health- ©2008 WebMD, Inc. All rights reserved. eMedicineHealth does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. http://www.emedicinehealth.com/shoulder_dislocation/article_em.htm Pictures http://www.riversideonline.com/source/images/image_popup/r7_shoulderdislocation.jpg http://www.ori.org.au/bonejoint/shoulder/introduction.htm

8. Knee dislocation

9. Knee dislocation The bones of your knee are held together by strong bands of tissue which are called ligaments. For a knee dislocation to occur these bands must tear. This can happen as a result of a fall, car crashes, sporting injury or other high-speed injuries.

10. First aid This particular injury should not necessarily be treated at home. It is best to get medical advice as soon as possible. Putting ice on the injured area may help for some pain control and to decrease the swelling however the most important treatment is to have a doctor assess the injury and relocate the knee back in place.

11. Medical advice If you think you dislocated your knee, go to the nearest hospital's emergency department. Seek advice if the following are occurring: Extreme pain or swelling after a serious injury (e.g. a car crash) An obvious deformity of your knee Numbness in your foot No pulses in your foot

12. Signs and symptoms- knee The usual straight line of your leg will be crooked. Large amount of pain in the knee. Sometimes no feeling below the knee. If the knee relocates there will be swelling. May not be able to feel a pulse in your foot.

13. Bibliography- knee joint Information E Medicine Health- ©2008 WebMD, Inc. All rights reserved. eMedicineHealth does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. http://www.emedicinehealth.com/knee_dislocation/article_em.htm Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics- Original Text by Clifford R. Wheeless, III, MD. http://www.wheelessonline.com/ortho/traumatic_dislocations_of_the_knee Pictures http://www.nytimes.com/imagepages/2007/08/01/health/adam/9721Patellardislocation.html http://www.uvm.edu/~jcotter/waterfallcliff/forum%20pics/596W.jpg http://www0.sun.ac.za/ortho/webct-ortho/plateau/knee-disloc-post-s.png http://www.fighttimes.com/magazine/images/Image/200504/1202dislocatedknee01.jpg http://www.eorthopod.com/images/ContentImages/knee/knee_patella/knee_patella_cause03.jpg