Disasters and the cycle of poverty
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DISASTERS AND THE CYCLE OF POVERTY: UNDERSTANDING URBAN, RURAL, AND GENDER ASPECTS OF SOCIAL VULNERABILITY by Kathy Lynn, Associate Director Resource Innovations, University of Oregon’s Institute for a Sustainable Environment September 2005
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Effects of poverty
Poverty is defined as a lack of material possessions necessary to live a decent quality of life. In the Philippines, over 22 million people, more than one-fifth of the population, live below the national poverty line. Poverty has negative impacts on health and development, as those living in poverty experience worse physical and mental health outcomes and are at higher risk for unhealthy behaviors. Poverty also affects children's growth and development both physically and cognitively. While some believe poverty can be overcome through hard work alone, reports show many Filipinos work hard yet remain in poverty due to unstable socioeconomic conditions.
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This document discusses poverty, including its causes, effects, and perpetuating cycle. It defines absolute and relative poverty. The causes of poverty discussed include theories that blame the poor's behaviors and mindsets. The effects of poverty on children include higher rates of health, developmental, educational, and behavioral problems. Poverty also increases stress on families and risk of abuse. The cycle of poverty occurs when those in poverty lack the resources to escape it, trapping individuals and families in long-term deprivation.
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World without poverty is one of my dreams! And I fuss over it in lot of ways. My readings of current writers on Poverty suggest that we need a view on life of the poor. This ebook is an attempt to express the same. It is my contribution to understanding and eradication of poverty in the world. Download the ebook here.
Briefly it covers three main aspects:
How poor get poor?
I look at three phases over which a household gets into a poverty trap. This, I believe, is critical to understand as it harbours solutions to the poverty problems. Further, it also leads us to a basic framework for solving the poverty crisis everywhere.
Snakes and Ladders Approach
Getting a community out of poverty needs a customized solution. Each community faces its challenges (snakes) but has opportunities (ladders) hidden within its structure. This framework may be used to build a customized approach for the community.
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One of the central idea I want to highlight is the difference between temporary poverty - one that household can get out of versus structural poverty - one that seduces the household into believing that they can get out of poverty.
I would love to hear your feedback on the ebook.
Poverty
Poverty can be defined as the lack of basic human needs like food, shelter, and clothing. It can be understood as either an absolute lack of resources or as relative deprivation compared to others in one's community. There are various ways to measure poverty, including the headcount ratio, poverty gap index, and squared poverty gap index. The headcount looks just at those below the poverty line, while the other indices consider how far below the line people fall. Reducing poverty requires increasing access to necessities like food, healthcare, education, as well as growing personal incomes and controlling overpopulation.
Effects of poverty
Poverty refers to the lack of basic needs like food, water, shelter, and healthcare. It can be absolute, meaning severe deprivation, or relative, where one's income is below the societal threshold. Poverty is caused by various factors like lack of concern for the future, self-defeating behaviors, and a culture of poverty that is passed down through generations. The effects of poverty are serious, including increased health problems for children, low birth weight, higher risk of accidents and illnesses, and higher stress levels in families. Poverty can continue in a cycle where the lack of resources makes it impossible for individuals to escape their impoverished situation.
Child poverty
Child poverty is a serious issue globally. Over 1 billion children worldwide live in poverty without adequate shelter, water, health services, or immunization. Poverty negatively impacts children's development and health, with poor children being twice as likely to have stunted growth. Living in poverty also takes a psychological toll on children and parents, adding stress and sometimes leading to disrupted parenting. If child poverty is not addressed, it risks perpetuating an intergenerational cycle where the children of poor children become poor themselves, negatively impacting communities and societies. Addressing child poverty requires action and inspiration to change conditions for children worldwide.
Vecious Cycle of Poverty
1) The document discusses the concept of the "vicious cycle of poverty", where poor families remain in poverty for multiple generations due to a lack of resources and opportunities to escape poverty.
2) Key factors that perpetuate the cycle of poverty include a lack of financial capital, education, and social connections that could help individuals rise out of poverty.
3) The document argues that the concept of the vicious cycle of poverty has drawbacks, as it does not fully or accurately define poverty, explain the intentions of impoverished individuals, or provide solutions to break the cycle.
Poverty and Underdevelopment
Poverty is a multi-dimensional social phenomenon that involves the lack of basic needs such as food, water, sanitation, shelter, education, and health care. It is not only characterized by low income, but also by lack of access to opportunities, social exclusion, and lack of voice in decision making. Poverty can be defined and measured in both absolute and relative terms. Absolute poverty refers to a set standard for basic needs that is consistent over time and between locations, while relative poverty views poverty as dependent on social context and measures it relative to others in a population.
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Effects of poverty
Poverty is defined as a lack of material possessions necessary to live a decent quality of life. In the Philippines, over 22 million people, more than one-fifth of the population, live below the national poverty line. Poverty has negative impacts on health and development, as those living in poverty experience worse physical and mental health outcomes and are at higher risk for unhealthy behaviors. Poverty also affects children's growth and development both physically and cognitively. While some believe poverty can be overcome through hard work alone, reports show many Filipinos work hard yet remain in poverty due to unstable socioeconomic conditions.
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World without poverty is one of my dreams! And I fuss over it in lot of ways. My readings of current writers on Poverty suggest that we need a view on life of the poor. This ebook is an attempt to express the same. It is my contribution to understanding and eradication of poverty in the world. Download the ebook here.
Briefly it covers three main aspects:
How poor get poor?
I look at three phases over which a household gets into a poverty trap. This, I believe, is critical to understand as it harbours solutions to the poverty problems. Further, it also leads us to a basic framework for solving the poverty crisis everywhere.
Snakes and Ladders Approach
Getting a community out of poverty needs a customized solution. Each community faces its challenges (snakes) but has opportunities (ladders) hidden within its structure. This framework may be used to build a customized approach for the community.
Structural v/s transient poverty
One of the central idea I want to highlight is the difference between temporary poverty - one that household can get out of versus structural poverty - one that seduces the household into believing that they can get out of poverty.
I would love to hear your feedback on the ebook.
Poverty
Poverty can be defined as the lack of basic human needs like food, shelter, and clothing. It can be understood as either an absolute lack of resources or as relative deprivation compared to others in one's community. There are various ways to measure poverty, including the headcount ratio, poverty gap index, and squared poverty gap index. The headcount looks just at those below the poverty line, while the other indices consider how far below the line people fall. Reducing poverty requires increasing access to necessities like food, healthcare, education, as well as growing personal incomes and controlling overpopulation.
Effects of poverty
Poverty refers to the lack of basic needs like food, water, shelter, and healthcare. It can be absolute, meaning severe deprivation, or relative, where one's income is below the societal threshold. Poverty is caused by various factors like lack of concern for the future, self-defeating behaviors, and a culture of poverty that is passed down through generations. The effects of poverty are serious, including increased health problems for children, low birth weight, higher risk of accidents and illnesses, and higher stress levels in families. Poverty can continue in a cycle where the lack of resources makes it impossible for individuals to escape their impoverished situation.
Child poverty
Child poverty is a serious issue globally. Over 1 billion children worldwide live in poverty without adequate shelter, water, health services, or immunization. Poverty negatively impacts children's development and health, with poor children being twice as likely to have stunted growth. Living in poverty also takes a psychological toll on children and parents, adding stress and sometimes leading to disrupted parenting. If child poverty is not addressed, it risks perpetuating an intergenerational cycle where the children of poor children become poor themselves, negatively impacting communities and societies. Addressing child poverty requires action and inspiration to change conditions for children worldwide.
Vecious Cycle of Poverty
1) The document discusses the concept of the "vicious cycle of poverty", where poor families remain in poverty for multiple generations due to a lack of resources and opportunities to escape poverty.
2) Key factors that perpetuate the cycle of poverty include a lack of financial capital, education, and social connections that could help individuals rise out of poverty.
3) The document argues that the concept of the vicious cycle of poverty has drawbacks, as it does not fully or accurately define poverty, explain the intentions of impoverished individuals, or provide solutions to break the cycle.
Poverty and Underdevelopment
Poverty is a multi-dimensional social phenomenon that involves the lack of basic needs such as food, water, sanitation, shelter, education, and health care. It is not only characterized by low income, but also by lack of access to opportunities, social exclusion, and lack of voice in decision making. Poverty can be defined and measured in both absolute and relative terms. Absolute poverty refers to a set standard for basic needs that is consistent over time and between locations, while relative poverty views poverty as dependent on social context and measures it relative to others in a population.
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Poverty is the lack of basic necessities like food, water, shelter, education and healthcare. Third world countries, located mostly in Africa, Asia and Latin America, have high rates of poverty. Four factors that cause poverty in third world countries are income inequality, conflicts, natural disasters, and lack of education and healthcare access. Poverty has major impacts like hunger, lack of sanitation, high birth rates, unemployment, and social issues. Bangladesh is used as an example, with 13% of its 165 million people living below $2 per day. Reducing poverty requires job creation, income redistribution, skills training, and microcredit programs.
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The document discusses disaster risk reduction and management. It explains that a hazard only becomes a disaster when populations have vulnerabilities and lack response capacity. Risk is the probability of a hazard becoming a disaster. Disaster risk reduction aims to avoid or limit risks by addressing vulnerabilities and capacities. Key frameworks like the Hyogo Framework focus on making risk reduction a priority and understanding risks. Factors like gender must be considered in risk analysis to ensure appropriate response and reduce inequalities.
Analysis On The Result And Implication Of The Policy
The document analyzes the results and implications of a poverty reduction policy in Indonesia called PNPM. It notes that while the policy showed some early success in decreasing poverty rates, the progress was slow. There were also issues with misuse of funds intended for poverty programs. The policy failed to properly target the poor. Additionally, there was a lack of coordination between government agencies regarding poverty reduction efforts. Overall, the analysis finds that while the policy aimed to help the poor, weaknesses in implementation meant it did not fully achieve its goals.
Livelihood Facilitation (abstract & final words)
This honors thesis argues that development organizations should adopt "Livelihood Facilitation" approaches to more effectively reduce poverty by addressing the priorities of the poor. The author uses Ernesto Sirolli's Enterprise Facilitation model as an example of a people-centered, microeconomic approach that focuses on providing direct investment and economic opportunities to the poor through livelihood assistance, rather than indirect support through policies, health, and education. However, livelihood projects also need to integrate the poor into local and global production networks to empower rather than create dependency. The solution to poverty lies in supporting the existing assets and strengths in communities by removing obstacles and enabling entrepreneurship, partnerships, and investment over aid and handouts.
Poverty Around The World
The document discusses the causes and effects of global poverty. It outlines that poverty has direct economic impacts like increased bankruptcies and more people relying on food banks. Rising poverty is also linked to increased unemployment, hunger, and crime. Poverty hinders economic growth and prevents people from meeting basic needs. It disproportionately impacts developing nations through issues like debt burdens and lack of access to healthcare and education. Overall, the document examines how poverty is multidimensional and perpetuating, affecting individuals and societies around the world.
Global Poverty
Global poverty remains a significant challenge, with over 1 billion people living on less than $1.25 per day according to recent UN estimates. The UN Millennium Development Goals aimed to reduce extreme poverty by half by 2015, but progress has stalled due to the global financial crisis and food insecurity issues. Achieving the MDGs will require increased funding from developed nations, sustainable economic growth in developing regions, and coordinated international efforts to address issues like climate change and pandemic diseases. While the goals may now be difficult to meet by the 2015 deadline, with commitment and action poverty can still be significantly reduced on a global scale.
Graduation from Poverty versus Graduating from Social Protection
Fabio Veras Soares' (IPC-IG) presentation at the Transfer Project Workshop in Arusha, Tanzania on 2nd April 2019.
Linking Adaptation And Mitigation In Climate Change And Development Some Co...
This document discusses linking adaptation and mitigation efforts to make them more inclusive, sustainable, and beneficial for poor communities. It suggests considering both the scope and scale of interventions. Developing anticipatory policies that link urban and rural planning can help reduce risks from climate impacts. Expanding renewable energy access and reducing energy poverty, such as through programs empowering women like the Barefoot College, can simultaneously cut emissions and boost development. Integrating poor communities into mitigation programs, as seen in Brazil's biodiesel program, can generate multiple co-benefits.
Empowering Poor Leveraging Physical Planning (2).docx
This document discusses how urban planning can help empower the poor and reduce poverty. It argues that current urban planning practices often exclude the poor and marginalize them. The document proposes several ways to make urban planning more pro-poor, such as earmarking commercial and residential space for the poor, developing skill centers, permitting informal markets, and involving the poor in planning processes. The document stresses that regional planning should also be prioritized to synergize rural and urban development and address poverty across settlements. Empowering the poor through inclusive urban and regional planning can help minimize poverty and make development more equitable.
11.the impact of macroeconomic policies and programs on poverty problems
This document summarizes a study that analyzed the impact of macroeconomic policies in Nigeria on poverty from 1980-2002. Two regression models were used to examine the relationship between poverty, GDP, and other economic variables. The study found that:
1. Poverty in Nigeria increased substantially from 1980-2002, with the average poverty rate being higher after structural adjustment programs were introduced compared to before.
2. Key macroeconomic indicators like GDP growth, unemployment, and exchange rates deteriorated from 1980-2002, suggesting macroeconomic policies did not effectively address rising poverty.
3. Regression analysis found a relationship between rising poverty and factors like declining GDP, high inflation, unemployment, and exchange rate depreciation over
The impact of macroeconomic policies and programs on poverty problems
This document summarizes a study on the impact of macroeconomic policies and programs on poverty in Nigeria from 1980 to 2002. Two regression models were used to analyze the relationship between poverty and GDP. The study found that Nigeria's macroeconomic policies have not addressed the upward trend in poverty levels based on economic indicators like inflation, unemployment, and exchange rates. Some of the key causes of poverty identified included corruption, inconsistent macroeconomic policies, high population growth, and over-reliance on oil exports. The incidence of poverty in Nigeria increased from around 15% in 1960 to 28% in the 1980s.
Similar to Disasters and the cycle of poverty (20)
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI)
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Whitepaper - Can Nanofinance Eradicate Poverty.pdf
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Effect of cooperative societies on poverty alleviation among rural farm house...
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Poverty Alleviation: A Challenge for the Indian Government
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Analysis On The Result And Implication Of The Policy
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Graduation from Poverty versus Graduating from Social Protection
Graduation from Poverty versus Graduating from Social Protection
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Empowering Poor Leveraging Physical Planning (2).docx
Empowering Poor Leveraging Physical Planning (2).docx
11.the impact of macroeconomic policies and programs on poverty problems
11.the impact of macroeconomic policies and programs on poverty problems
The impact of macroeconomic policies and programs on poverty problems
The impact of macroeconomic policies and programs on poverty problems
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Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...
Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...Open Access Research Paper
The popularity of functional foods among scientists and common people has been increasing day by day. Awareness and modernization make the consumer think better regarding food and nutrition. Now a day’s individual knows very well about the relation between food consumption and disease prevalence. Humans have a diversity of microbes in the gut that together form the gut microflora. Probiotics are the health-promoting live microbial cells improve host health through gut and brain connection and fighting against harmful bacteria. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus are the two bacterial genera which are considered to be probiotic. These good bacteria are facing challenges of viability. There are so many factors such as sensitivity to heat, pH, acidity, osmotic effect, mechanical shear, chemical components, freezing and storage time as well which affects the viability of probiotics in the dairy food matrix as well as in the gut. Multiple efforts have been done in the past and ongoing in present for these beneficial microbial population stability until their destination in the gut. One of a useful technique known as microencapsulation makes the probiotic effective in the diversified conditions and maintain these microbe’s community to the optimum level for achieving targeted benefits. Dairy products are found to be an ideal vehicle for probiotic incorporation. It has been seen that the encapsulated microbial cells show higher viability than the free cells in different processing and storage conditions as well as against bile salts in the gut. They make the food functional when incorporated, without affecting the product sensory characteristics.
Enhanced action and stakeholder engagement for sustainable peatland management
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Presented by Sonya Dewi at GLF Peatlands 2024 - 360 Degree Approach to Improving Capacity of Multiple Stakeholders to Manage Peatland SustainablyTop 8 Strategies for Effective Sustainable Waste Management.pdf
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Wildlife-AnIntroduction.pdf so that you know more about our environment
All about wildlife, if you are fond of animals and wildlife then do follow us for more content like this
Evolving Lifecycles with High Resolution Site Characterization (HRSC) and 3-D...
The incorporation of a 3DCSM and completion of HRSC provided a tool for enhanced, data-driven, decisions to support a change in remediation closure strategies. Currently, an approved pilot study has been obtained to shut-down the remediation systems (ISCO, P&T) and conduct a hydraulic study under non-pumping conditions. A separate micro-biological bench scale treatability study was competed that yielded positive results for an emerging innovative technology. As a result, a field pilot study has commenced with results expected in nine-twelve months. With the results of the hydraulic study, field pilot studies and an updated risk assessment leading site monitoring optimization cost lifecycle savings upwards of $15MM towards an alternatively evolved best available technology remediation closure strategy.
Q&A with the Experts: The Food Service Playbook
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原版制作(Newcastle毕业证书)纽卡斯尔大学毕业证在读证明一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(Newcastle毕业证书)纽卡斯尔大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
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Optimizing Post Remediation Groundwater Performance with Enhanced Microbiolog...
Results of geophysics and pneumatic injection pilot tests during 2003 – 2007 yielded significant positive results for injection delivery design and contaminant mass treatment, resulting in permanent shut-down of an existing groundwater Pump & Treat system.
Accessible source areas were subsequently removed (2011) by soil excavation and treated with the placement of Emulsified Vegetable Oil EVO and zero-valent iron ZVI to accelerate treatment of impacted groundwater in overburden and weathered fractured bedrock. Post pilot test and post remediation groundwater monitoring has included analyses of CVOCs, organic fatty acids, dissolved gases and QuantArray® -Chlor to quantify key microorganisms (e.g., Dehalococcoides, Dehalobacter, etc.) and functional genes (e.g., vinyl chloride reductase, methane monooxygenase, etc.) to assess potential for reductive dechlorination and aerobic cometabolism of CVOCs.
In 2022, the first commercial application of MetaArray™ was performed at the site. MetaArray™ utilizes statistical analysis, such as principal component analysis and multivariate analysis to provide evidence that reductive dechlorination is active or even that it is slowing. This creates actionable data allowing users to save money by making important site management decisions earlier.
The results of the MetaArray™ analysis’ support vector machine (SVM) identified groundwater monitoring wells with a 80% confidence that were characterized as either Limited for Reductive Decholorination or had a High Reductive Reduction Dechlorination potential. The results of MetaArray™ will be used to further optimize the site’s post remediation monitoring program for monitored natural attenuation.
ENVIRONMENT~ Renewable Energy Sources and their future prospects.
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Climate Change All over the World .pptx
Climate change refers to significant and lasting changes in the average weather patterns over periods ranging from decades to millions of years. It encompasses both global warming driven by human emissions of greenhouse gases and the resulting large-scale shifts in weather patterns. While climate change is a natural phenomenon, human activities, particularly since the Industrial Revolution, have accelerated its pace and intensity
different Modes of Insect Plant Interaction
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Microbial characterisation and identification, and potability of River Kuywa ...
Microbial characterisation and identification, and potability of River Kuywa ...Open Access Research Paper
Water contamination is one of the major causes of water borne diseases worldwide. In Kenya, approximately 43% of people lack access to potable water due to human contamination. River Kuywa water is currently experiencing contamination due to human activities. Its water is widely used for domestic, agricultural, industrial and recreational purposes. This study aimed at characterizing bacteria and fungi in river Kuywa water. Water samples were randomly collected from four sites of the river: site A (Matisi), site B (Ngwelo), site C (Nzoia water pump) and site D (Chalicha), during the dry season (January-March 2018) and wet season (April-July 2018) and were transported to Maseno University Microbiology and plant pathology laboratory for analysis. The characterization and identification of bacteria and fungi were carried out using standard microbiological techniques. Nine bacterial genera and three fungi were identified from Kuywa river water. Clostridium spp., Staphylococcus spp., Enterobacter spp., Streptococcus spp., E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Shigella spp., Proteus spp. and Salmonella spp. Fungi were Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus flavus complex and Penicillium species. Wet season recorded highest bacterial and fungal counts (6.61-7.66 and 3.83-6.75cfu/ml) respectively. The results indicated that the river Kuywa water is polluted and therefore unsafe for human consumption before treatment. It is therefore recommended that the communities to ensure that they boil water especially for drinking.
Promoting Multilateral Cooperation for Sustainable Peatland management
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Disasters and the cycle of poverty
- 1. Kathy Lynn, Associate Director Resource Innovations, University of Oregon’s Institute for a Sustainable Environment September 2005 DISASTERS AND THE CYCLE OF POVERTY: UNDERSTANDING URBAN, RURAL, AND GENDER ASPECTS OF SOCIAL VULNERABILITY
- 2. In which ways are poor and underserved communities more at risk to natural disasters than high capacity communities and wealthier nations? What factors need to be considered in order to target appropriate assistance to socially vulnerable communities at risk from natural disasters? Main argument
- 3. Argument Focus: The paper begins by illustrating the nature of disaster risk faced by poor communities in developing countries and in the United States. The paper then examines how various aspects of social vulnerability (urban poverty, rural poverty and gender) comprise disaster risk Finally, the paper provides a series of recommendations to consider in implementing poverty reduction measures, including the role of capacity building in helping to alleviate poverty
- 4. Strength ?
- 5. If you are low-income and have little to save, then you have little to invest. Low investment means low productivity, and low productivity leads to continued low- income.
- 6. A poor society may lack the capital to invest in order to become more productive over time. A poor society may suffer from poor health, which decreases income and thereby makes it difficult or impossible to access resources to achieve health goals. Similarly, a poor society is often vulnerable to natural disasters that contribute to keeping it poor over time
- 7. disease following disasters further increase the needs of the poor and reduce their capacity to recover damage to infrastructure and housing Significant loss of life What disaster cause? And who are vulnerable? Urban poor Rural poor Women
- 8. International development programs intended to meet the needs of the poor are challenged by the ongoing consequences from disasters.
- 9. Focus assistance on a multi-objective approached related to poverty alleviation and reducing disaster risk. Embed decisions about funds for disaster mitigation within regular budgets for disaster management. Use a Capacity-Building Approach in Poverty Reduction and Disaster Mitigation Programs Include Class Analyses in Gender Mainstreaming Use Indicators of Social Vulnerability and Social Capacity in Disaster Risk Assessment, in additional to traditional physical and economic indicators of risk. Utilize the Millennium Development Goals to help measure progress in poverty alleviation and disaster risk reduction. RECOMMENDATIONS
- 10. Weakness… • No recommendation creating awareness through mass media
- 11. Conclusion…. Therefore thinking about the extreme situation proper measures shod be taken according to the mandates as mentioned above