STRATEGIES FOR BECOMING
   DISASTER RESILIENT
       DURING 2013
PART 4: MAKE CRITICAL
  INFRASTRUCTURE
 DISASTER RESILIENT
STRATEGY: “CONCENTRATE
YOUR POLITICAL AND TECHNICAL
RESOURCES ON ACHIEVING ONE
  BIG OBJECTIVE -- SUCH AS
     DISASTER RESILIENT
 TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS”

 [Credit: The late George Ritchie, UK]
WHAT HISTORY TEACHES

          • THE FRAGILITY OF A
            CITY’S LIFELINES (I.E,
            INFRASTRUCTURE)
            WILL PREVENT THE
            CITY FROM
            BECOMING DISASTER
            RESILIENT.
LOSS OF FUNCTION OF A
 TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM
  CAN PARALYZE
   LOCAL, REGIONAL, AND
INTERNATIONAL EMERGENCY
        RESPONSE
TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS

• Provide an essential function to
  society by moving people and
  goods from point “A” to point “B”
• Represent a substantial share of a
  country’s GDP (11% for USA.)
TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
• Types: Roads, railroads, mass
  transit, water-borne and air
  transport systems, and
  pipelines
• Scales: urban, regional,
  national, and international.
ELEMENTS OF
  TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
• Built infrastructure     • Operations side
• roads, runways,          • vehicles, traffic
  airports, terminals,       safety and control,
  railways, stations,        power, commun-
  canals, ports, traffic     ications and
  control centers,           signaling,
  maintenance and            maintenance,
  operation facilities,      transportation
  pipelines, etc.            operators, etc.
FEATURES THAT AFFECT
      RESILIENCY
 They extend over broad
  geographical areas
 They have large numbers of
  components that are subject to
  either POINT or AREA failures.
FEATURES THAT AFFECT
 RESILIENCY (Continued)
 Roadways and railways frequently
  follow river valleys (easier and
  cheaper to build)
 Utilities, including pipelines, often
  follow right-of-ways (reduces legal
  problems and costs)
FEATURES THAT AFFECT
 RESILIENCY (Continued)
Multiple entities have
 responsibility for or oversight of
 the system
Typically owned by public
 entities and publicly funded
Usually self insured
FEATURES THAT AFFECT
 RESILIENCY (Continued)
Different modes of trans-
 portation interact with each
 other and other elements of
 the city’s built environment
 (hence, the name, Lifeline
 Systems”).
 HIGHWAY SYSTEMS

Flooding from tropical storms,
hurricanes, and typhoons, and
tsunamis,
Landslides (rock falls, spreads,
slides, flows)
Earthquakes (ground shaking)
TSUNAMI ARRIVAL: SENDAI,
  JAPAN; MARCH 11, 2011
TYPHOON MORAKOT: TAIWAN;
LANDSLIDE BURIES VILLAGE
OF 1,000
 AIR TRANSPORT SYSTEMS

Earthquakes (ground shaking
and ground failure)
 RAILROAD SYSTEMS

Earthquakes (ground shaking
and ground failure)
 PIPELINE SYSTEMS

Earthquakes (ground shaking
and ground failure)
TRANSPORTATION
   SYSTEMS
                                      ACCEPTABLE RISK
 •NAT. HAZARDS
 •INVENTORY               RISK
 •VULNERABILITY                      UNACCEPTABLE RISK
 •LOCATION




                                       VULNERABILITY
                                       REDUCTON
 DATA BASES
                         YOUR
 AND INFORMATION       COMMUNITY


                                      SOCIETAL RESILIENCE


HAZARDS:
                                   •LIFELINE STANDARDS
GROUND SHAKING                     •SITING AND ROUTING
GROUND FAILURE
SURFACE FAULTING
                                   •EMERGENCY REPAIRS
TECTONIC DEFORMATION               • RECONSTRUCTION
TSUNAMI RUN UP
AFTERSHOCKS                        •EDUCATIONAL SURGE

Disaster Resilient Critical Infrastructure

  • 1.
    STRATEGIES FOR BECOMING DISASTER RESILIENT DURING 2013
  • 2.
    PART 4: MAKECRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE DISASTER RESILIENT
  • 3.
    STRATEGY: “CONCENTRATE YOUR POLITICALAND TECHNICAL RESOURCES ON ACHIEVING ONE BIG OBJECTIVE -- SUCH AS DISASTER RESILIENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS” [Credit: The late George Ritchie, UK]
  • 4.
    WHAT HISTORY TEACHES • THE FRAGILITY OF A CITY’S LIFELINES (I.E, INFRASTRUCTURE) WILL PREVENT THE CITY FROM BECOMING DISASTER RESILIENT.
  • 5.
    LOSS OF FUNCTIONOF A TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM CAN PARALYZE LOCAL, REGIONAL, AND INTERNATIONAL EMERGENCY RESPONSE
  • 6.
    TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS • Providean essential function to society by moving people and goods from point “A” to point “B” • Represent a substantial share of a country’s GDP (11% for USA.)
  • 7.
    TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS • Types:Roads, railroads, mass transit, water-borne and air transport systems, and pipelines • Scales: urban, regional, national, and international.
  • 8.
    ELEMENTS OF TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS • Built infrastructure • Operations side • roads, runways, • vehicles, traffic airports, terminals, safety and control, railways, stations, power, commun- canals, ports, traffic ications and control centers, signaling, maintenance and maintenance, operation facilities, transportation pipelines, etc. operators, etc.
  • 9.
    FEATURES THAT AFFECT RESILIENCY  They extend over broad geographical areas  They have large numbers of components that are subject to either POINT or AREA failures.
  • 10.
    FEATURES THAT AFFECT RESILIENCY (Continued)  Roadways and railways frequently follow river valleys (easier and cheaper to build)  Utilities, including pipelines, often follow right-of-ways (reduces legal problems and costs)
  • 11.
    FEATURES THAT AFFECT RESILIENCY (Continued) Multiple entities have responsibility for or oversight of the system Typically owned by public entities and publicly funded Usually self insured
  • 12.
    FEATURES THAT AFFECT RESILIENCY (Continued) Different modes of trans- portation interact with each other and other elements of the city’s built environment (hence, the name, Lifeline Systems”).
  • 13.
     HIGHWAY SYSTEMS Floodingfrom tropical storms, hurricanes, and typhoons, and tsunamis, Landslides (rock falls, spreads, slides, flows) Earthquakes (ground shaking)
  • 23.
    TSUNAMI ARRIVAL: SENDAI, JAPAN; MARCH 11, 2011
  • 28.
    TYPHOON MORAKOT: TAIWAN; LANDSLIDEBURIES VILLAGE OF 1,000
  • 48.
     AIR TRANSPORTSYSTEMS Earthquakes (ground shaking and ground failure)
  • 52.
     RAILROAD SYSTEMS Earthquakes(ground shaking and ground failure)
  • 55.
     PIPELINE SYSTEMS Earthquakes(ground shaking and ground failure)
  • 59.
    TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS ACCEPTABLE RISK •NAT. HAZARDS •INVENTORY RISK •VULNERABILITY UNACCEPTABLE RISK •LOCATION VULNERABILITY REDUCTON DATA BASES YOUR AND INFORMATION COMMUNITY SOCIETAL RESILIENCE HAZARDS: •LIFELINE STANDARDS GROUND SHAKING •SITING AND ROUTING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING •EMERGENCY REPAIRS TECTONIC DEFORMATION • RECONSTRUCTION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS •EDUCATIONAL SURGE