The document discusses disaster management and provides an overview of key concepts. It outlines the impacts of hazards like cyclones which can damage elements at risk and disrupt society. Effective disaster management aims to reduce losses through preparedness, mitigation and building community resilience. The stages of disaster management include pre-disaster preparation, emergency response during a disaster, and post-disaster rehabilitation and reconstruction. Key actors in disaster response are local communities, government departments, and NGOs.

1. DISASTER MANAGEMENT AN OVERVIEW BY N@NDEESH L@XETTI XC20

2. CYCLONE Damage Potential Society Poorer than before Disruption of Normal life & Development Suffers Huge Losses/ Damages Elements at Risk

3. HAZARD Damage Potential Awareness- Effect on Elements Society Quicker Recovery Action Plans Communities More Resilient Huge Losses/ Damages Reduced Losses Elements at Risk More Stable Society

4. HAZARD Damage Potential Elements at Risk Slopes of hills Sea & Sea-coast Low-lying Areas River/Stream Banks Natural Features Unsecured personal assets Livelihood tools / Equipment Public Infrastructure Agri. & Horticultural crops Weak Buildings Huts & Semi-permanent Houses People & Live-stock Societal Elements

5. Scale of Disaster Is Dependent on : Lead Time Available. Intensity of Hazard. Duration. Spatial Extent. Density of Population & Assets. Time of Occurrence. Vulnerabilities existing in the Elements at Risk. Hazard X Vulnerability = Disaster

6. ELEMENTS AT RISK People Livestock Rural Housing Stock Houses Vulnerable Crops, Trees,Telephone, Electric poles Boats, Looms, Working Implements Personal Property Electricity, Water and Food Supplies Infrastructure Support

7. AIMS OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT Reduce (Avoid, if possible) the potential losses from hazards. Assure prompt and appropriate assistance to victims when necessary. Achieve rapid and durable recovery .

8. DURING DISASTER DISASTER MANAGEMENT CYCLE PRE - DISASTER Preparation Mitigation Normal Phase Emergency Phase Rehabilitation Rescue & Relief Reconstruction Integration into NDP* POST- DISASTER

9. Stages of Disaster Well Before Weeks-Months Just Before - Hours Actual Time Period BEFORE AFTER DURING Jan - Apr MAY June- Oct Cyclone Rescue Rehabilitation Relief Reconstruction

10. Role Players in Disasters People : Individuals, House -Holds, Volunteers Gram Panchayat : Sarpanch, Panchayati Secretary, Panchayati Members Village Elders : Caste/Community/Religious Leaders, Teachers, Doctors, Engineers, Retired Army & Police Personnel Govt. Deptl. Officers : Agriculture, Medical, Engineers (Housing, Roads & Buildings, Irrigation) Revenue Department, Public Health, Police etc. NGOs

11. DEFINITIONS OF “VULNERABILITY” “ The extent to which a community, structure, service or geographic area is likely to be damaged or disrupted by the impact of particular disaster hazard…” “ Vulnerability is the propensity of things to be damaged by a hazard”.

12. DISASTER PREPAREDNESS Disaster preparedness aims at minimizing the adverse effects of a hazard - Through effective precautionary actions Ensure timely, appropriate and efficient organisation and delivery of emergency response following the impact of a disaster .

13. PREPAREDNESS Vulnerability Analysis and Mapping to include Resources. Assess strengthening requirements and execute . Funding for preparedness must be arranged. Peoples’ cooperation through Political leaders, elders, Volunteers and NGOs Create lead time by interpreting Warnings Plan to include movement of resources with time frame. Aim to reduce the destructive potential of cyclones, timely & appropriate relief to victims and quick & durable recovery

14. Disaster Preparedness Framework Rehearsals Public Education and Training Response Mechanisms Warning Systems Resource Base Information System Institutional Framework Planning Vulnerability Assessment COMPONENTS OF PREPAREDNESS

15. Disaster Response Activities Warning Evacuation/Mitigation Search and Rescue Assessment Emergency Relief Logistics and Supply Communication and information Management Survivor Response and coping Security EOC & coordination Expedite rehabilitation and reconstruction.

16. Floods and Water Hazards Elements at Risk Everything in the flood plain. Earthen or soluble structures Buried services and utilities Food stores Crops and livestock Main Mitigation Strategies . Land use control Engineering of strictures Elevation of structures Flood control structures Reforestation projects (watershed management)

17. Strong Winds Elements at Risk Lightweight structures. Elevated utilities (Power and communication lines) Fishing boats and other maritime industries. Main Mitigation Strategies. Structural engineering measures. Planting of windbreaks.