Disaster overview

1. CYCLONE
Damage
Potential
Society
Poorer than
before
Disruption of
Normal life &
Development
Suffers
Huge Losses/
Damages
Elements at Risk

2. HAZARD
Damage
Potential
Awareness- Effect
on Elements
Society
Quicker
Recovery
Action
Plans
Communities
More
Resilient
Huge Losses/
Damages
Reduced
Losses
Elements at Risk
More Stable Society

3. HAZARD
Damage
Potential
Elements at Risk
Slopes of hills
Sea & Sea-coast
Low-lying Areas
River/Stream Banks
Natural Features
Unsecured personal assets
Livelihood tools / Equipment
Public Infrastructure
Agri. & Horticultural crops
Weak Buildings
Huts & Semi-permanent Houses
People & Live-stock
Societal Elements

4. Scale of Disaster
Is Dependent on :
 Lead Time Available.
 Intensity of Hazard.
 Duration.
 Spatial Extent.
 Density of Population & Assets.
 Time of Occurrence.
 Vulnerabilities existing in the Elements at
Risk.
Hazard X Vulnerability =
Disaster

5. ELEMENTS AT RISK
 People
 Livestock
 Rural Housing Stock
 Houses Vulnerable
 Crops, Trees,Telephone, Electric poles
 Boats, Looms, Working Implements
 Personal Property
 Electricity, Water and Food Supplies
 Infrastructure Support

6. AIMS OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT
Reduce (Avoid, if possible) the
potential losses from hazards.
Assure prompt and appropriate
assistance to victims when
necessary.
Achieve rapid and durable
recovery.

7. DURING DISASTER
DISASTER MANAGEMENT CYCLE
PRE-DISASTER

8. Stages of Disaster
Cyclone
Well Before
Weeks-Months
Just Before -
Hours
Actual Time
Period
Rescue Rehabilitation
Relief Reconstruction
BEFORE AFTER
DURING
Jan - Apr MAY June- Oct

9. • PEOPLE : INDIVIDUALS, HOUSE -HOLDS,
VOLUNTEERS
• GRAM PANCHAYAT : SARPANCH,
PANCHAYATI
SECRETARY, PANCHAYATI MEMBERS
• VILLAGE ELDERS :
CASTE/COMMUNITY/RELIGIOUS
LEADERS, TEACHERS, DOCTORS,
ENGINEERS,
RETIRED ARMY & POLICE PERSONNEL
• GOVT. DEPTL. OFFICERS : AGRICULTURE,
MEDICAL,
ENGINEERS (HOUSING, ROADS &
BUILDINGS,
IRRIGATION) REVENUE DEPARTMENT,
PUBLIC
HEALTH, POLICE ETC. NGOS
Role Players in Disasters

10. DEFINITIONS OF “VULNERABILITY”
“The extent to which a community,
structure, service or geographic
area is likely to be damaged or
disrupted by the impact of
particular disaster hazard…”
“Vulnerability is the propensity of
things to be damaged by a hazard”.

11. DISASTER PREPAREDNESS
 Disaster preparedness aims at
minimizing the adverse effects of a hazard -
 Through effective precautionary actions
 Ensure timely, appropriate and efficient
organisation and delivery of emergency
response following the impact of a disaster.

12. PREPAREDNESS
 Vulnerability Analysis and Mapping to include
Resources.
 Assess strengthening requirements and execute.
 Funding for preparedness must be arranged.
 Peoples’ cooperation through Political leaders,
elders, Volunteers and NGOs
 Create lead time by interpreting Warnings
 Plan to include movement of resources with time
frame.
 Aim to reduce the destructive potential of
cyclones, timely & appropriate relief to victims
and quick & durable recovery

13. Disaster Preparedness
Framework
Rehearsals
Public
Education
and Training
Response
Mechanisms
Warning
Systems
Resource
Base
Information
System
Institutional
Framework
Planning
Vulnerability
Assessment
COMPONENTS OF PREPAREDNESS

14. Disaster Response Activities
 Warning
 Evacuation/Mitigation
 Search and Rescue
 Assessment
 Emergency Relief
 Logistics and Supply
 Communication and information Management
 Survivor Response and coping
 Security
 EOC & coordination
 Expedite rehabilitation and reconstruction.

15. Floods and Water Hazards
Elements at Risk
 Everything in the
flood plain.
 Earthen or soluble
structures
 Buried services and
utilities
 Food stores
 Crops and livestock
Main Mitigation
Strategies.
 Land use control
 Engineering of
strictures
 Elevation of structures
 Flood control
structures
 Reforestation projects
(watershed
management)

16. Strong Winds
Elements at Risk
 Lightweight structures.
 Elevated utilities (Power
and communication
lines)
 Fishing boats and other
maritime industries.
Main Mitigation
Strategies.
 Structural engineering
measures.
 Planting of windbreaks.